Arguments of Definition Project 1 Marriage has become a critical national issue, and its resolution will highly shape the future society. The building block of a family will always remain to be family and marriage is the core of the family. Redefining marriage to a mere contract changes its purpose and nature and will introduce new threats to the freedom of organizations and individuals that elevate marriage and contain religious objections to its new definition. For the past thousand years, every society and major religion have been upholding marriage as the true religion as the unique relationship where a man and a woman are joined to be one for the core purpose of making and maintaining a family. Marriage remains the cornerstone of a family; it gives forth to children and models the relationship of people in the society as children learn the best ways to relate to the parents and therefore any other adults in the community. In the family, children are nurtured and educated as they grow into adults and thus better people in the society. Redefining marriage extends not the rights and benefits to a larger class but substantially alters the importance of the institution. It has not expanded marriage but has rather interfered with the meaning that is never related to the relationship between fathers, children, and mothers. Marriage should not be decreased to be just a sexual relationship than a foundation of a family and basis of the society. Based on settled reasoning and the contemporary evidence, it would be a great stupidity to reduce the place of marriage in the society either by lowering marriage to the status of nothing more than just a form of household or upholding non-marital unions to the same position. Project 2 Classy and Cool Classy and cool are the word which are in some way synonyms. They almost have the same meaning in one line of view. Classy is an adjective which implies an object is of high rank, grade or class; the noun is stylish; admirably smart or presentable; elegant; fashionable. For example; she worn a classy outfit. Classy also expresses some irony of trying to display a taste; tasteless; showy unsuccessfully. For example; he gave us a sample of Beaujolais with a gold label- indeed classy. The third meaning of classy is something of a high breed or superior type particularly showing personal qualities. For example; that was a classy response. On the other hand, cool also has its precise meanings. The first definition of meaning is having a slightly low temperature or pleasant cold. Cool also means a suggestion of relief from the heat. Cool again refers to a fine look. For example; she looked cool in her gray tailored silk dress. It also brings out a sense of a person not showing emotion, in self-control and calm enough. Cool still can mean skeptical or lukewarm. Cool can also mean to make something less warm. Classy can only be applied as an adjective while cool can be used as both adjective and a verb. For exampl.

1. Arguments of Definition
Project 1
Marriage has become a critical national issue, and its resolution
will highly shape the future society. The building block of a
family will always remain to be family and marriage is the core
of the family. Redefining marriage to a mere contract changes
its purpose and nature and will introduce new threats to the
freedom of organizations and individuals that elevate marriage
and contain religious objections to its new definition. For the
past thousand years, every society and major religion have been
upholding marriage as the true religion as the unique
relationship where a man and a woman are joined to be one for
the core purpose of making and maintaining a family. Marriage
remains the cornerstone of a family; it gives forth to children
and models the relationship of people in the society as children
learn the best ways to relate to the parents and therefore any
other adults in the community. In the family, children are
nurtured and educated as they grow into adults and thus better
people in the society.
Redefining marriage extends not the rights and benefits to a
larger class but substantially alters the importance of the
institution. It has not expanded marriage but has rather
interfered with the meaning that is never related to the
relationship between fathers, children, and mothers. Marriage
should not be decreased to be just a sexual relationship than a
foundation of a family and basis of the society.
Based on settled reasoning and the contemporary evidence, it
would be a great stupidity to reduce the place of marriage in the
society either by lowering marriage to the status of nothing
more than just a form of household or upholding non-marital
unions to the same position.
Project 2
Classy and Cool

2. Classy and cool are the word which are in some way synonyms.
They almost have the same meaning in one line of view. Classy
is an adjective which implies an object is of high rank, grade or
class; the noun is stylish; admirably smart or presentable;
elegant; fashionable. For example; she worn a classy outfit.
Classy also expresses some irony of trying to display a taste;
tasteless; showy unsuccessfully. For example; he gave us a
sample of Beaujolais with a gold label- indeed classy. The third
meaning of classy is something of a high breed or superior type
particularly showing personal qualities. For example; that was a
classy response.
On the other hand, cool also has its precise meanings. The first
definition of meaning is having a slightly low temperature or
pleasant cold. Cool also means a suggestion of relief from the
heat. Cool again refers to a fine look. For example; she looked
cool in her gray tailored silk dress. It also brings out a sense of
a person not showing emotion, in self-control and calm enough.
Cool still can mean skeptical or lukewarm. Cool can also mean
to make something less warm.
Classy can only be applied as an adjective while cool can be
used as both adjective and a verb. For example, she looks classy
in that dress- an adjective, I let my tea cool before drinking, to
prevent my tongue from burning- verb, she looks cool in that
outfit- adjective. Cool and classy are similar in that both words
can be used to express pleasantness of someone's outfit or
something. Again, classy shows a higher degree of rank.
PROJECT 3
I explored the adjective holy and pondered upon it. Holy is
often defined as the state of being perfect. How can a human
being be fully holy or perfect? Bearing in mind that perfection
is a state of no blemish or spotlessly clean. Only God is holy
and how can a sinful human being be sure with no spot?
This made me analyze this word and finally discovered that
holy is not a state of being pure neither should it be used to

3. mean a state of perfection. Holiness involves a process, not a
constant state. It includes day to day sanctification. That is what
fits best its definition because no human being can attain the
state of God. Therefore, when one is holy, he or she maintains
the process of sanctification which is a day to day process.
Project 4
Academic dishonesty
Academic dishonesty has been very prevalent in the 21st-
century schools. This called my attention as to where the
problem may have started in the society. There must have been
the same misunderstanding over the issue. The main reason why
academic honesty is highly required is to enable the education
system to produce a performance that is corresponding to the
individual,s knowledge that can be applied in day to day life.
With an understanding of academic honesty, our schools can
easily produce a quality of people that can develop the society
morally. Students I interviewed had different opinions to be
dishonest. Stress and pressure to have good performance.
Competition amongst them. At times students cheat due to a
misunderstanding of what behaviors are considered unethical
(e.g. Sharing notes, group studying, ). Frequent technology use
makes it act of dishonesty.
Academic dishonesty is defined by the following different
actions of the students. Plagiarism where students present work
that isn't theirs, therefore, no originality of the work. Collusion
where the student's work is full of independent work thus
lowering the ability of oneself. Cheating in examinations where
a student seeks an unfair advantage for himself or from another
fellow. Other dishonest acts such as falsifying any document in
order gain academic advantage, blackmailing any member of the
administration to get some academic favor, inventing references
and deliberate attempt to lie about word counts. Dishonesty is
not limited to these factors.

4. Team A
PSYCH/640
02/20/17
Cite and explain a research study that applies to each process.
Study # 1- Visual Perception Study. 1981 by Burgess and Judy
et al.
Method: Ideal observer model Template based detection
procedure for imaging (Burgess, 2011).
The ability to maintain attention on the stimuli greatly affects
the quality of perception. Internal and external noise cause a
reduction in perception abilities. Also, unfamiliar visual scenes
reduced visual perception by 40%. This is the result of the lack
of templates for those unfamiliar scenes (Burgess, 2011). When
a template was present, cognitive decision making was sharp in
the very beginning of the visual process.
Study # 2- Language
Method: Cognitive Linguistics;1988 (Dwight Bollinger &
Charles Fillmore) Hypothesized that speech utterances are
learned and mentally stored. Grammar rules, idioms, etc. are all
built over time. Environmental input determines language,
absent any disorder.

5. REFERENCES
Anderson, J. R. (2010). Cognitive psychology and its
implications (7th Ed.). New York, NY: Worth Publishers.
Burgess, A. (2011). Visual Perception Studies and Observer
Models Imaging. Seminars in Nuclear Medicine. 41(6) p. 419-
436
Harris, C. (2011). Language and Cognition. The Cognitive
Neuroscience Movement. P. 1-7
Michelon, P. Dr. (2006). What are cognitive abilities and skills,
and how to boost them...? Retrieved from http://sharpbrains.com
Smith, E. E., & Medin, D. L. (1981). Categories and concepts
(p. 89). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Explain how this research is important to the study of
knowledge representation.
Cognitive functions perceptions are vital. Concepts are
psychological signs, containing memory, reasoning using and
understanding language. Categorizing is a function in concepts

6. dealing with knowledge (Smith, E. E., & Medin, D. L., 1981).
In what way people are competent to conceptualize from
previous knowledge and why do individuals do not begin over if
challenged with faintly different circumstances? Categorization
is the development by which matters are retained in classes of
understanding. It is imperative to study knowledge
representation to determine what happens to memory over time
(Smith, E. E., & Medin, D. L., 1981). Furthermore, how people
represent the gist of an experience, the nature of representation
of categorical knowledge, and how does this affect the way the
world is perceived. For example, recalling a wedding that was
attended, one may recall who the bride and groom, the location
and some of the guest as well as and some of the things that
transpired (Anderson, J. R., 2010). “You would probably be
hard pressed, however, to say exactly what all the participants
wore, the exact words that were spoken, the way the bride
walked down the aisle, and so on—although you probably”
(Anderson, J. R. ,2010, p. 115).
Explain five types of cognitive processes
Perception- recognition and interpretation of sensory stimuli
(smell, touch, hearing, etc.)
Attention- ability to sustain concentration on a particular
object, action, or thought, and ability to manage competing
demands in our environment.
Memory- short-term/ working memory (limited storage), and
long-term memory (unlimited storage)

7. Language- skills allowing us to translate sounds into words and
generate verbal output.
Visual and Spatial Processing- ability to process incoming
visual stimuli, to understand spatial relationship between
objects, and to visualize images and scenarios.
INTRODUCTION
Concept Map of Memory system
Team A
PSYCH/640
02/27/17
Janice McMurray
Running head: CONCEPT MAP OF MEMORY SYSTEM
1
CONCEPT MAP OF MEMORY SYSTEM

8. 4
Concept Map of Memory System
Illustrate how the components of the memory system
interrelate
Illustrate the implications of effectively and not effectively
encoding information into long-term memory
Illustrate methods to enhance memory
Behavioral methods such as repetition has long been known to
enhance memory performance, and it has been consistently
shown that repeated training trials and/or learning events are
associated with better memory. Retrieval induced
reconsolidation occurs through repeated retrieval sessions.
When a memory is retrieved, it can again return to a labile state
and can undergo reconsolidation. Associating words with
images is another commonly used mnemonic device, providing
two alternative methods of remembering, and creating
additional associations in the mind. Another method of
improving memory encoding and consolidation is the use of a

9. so-called memory palace (also known as the method of loci), a
mnemonic techniques that relies on memorized spatial
relationships to establish order and recollect other memories.
References
Memory Encoding. (2010). The Human Memory. Retrieved from
http://www.human-memory.net
Stern, S. A., & Alberini, C. M. (2013). Mechanisms of Memory
Enhancement. The Function of Reconsolidation Facilities
Memory Strengthening, 10(5), 37-53. doi:10.1002/wsbm.1196