2. ORIGEN DE LA DIVERSIDAD LINGÜÍSTICA
LA LEYENDA
LA TORRE DE BABEL
(Gn.11) “Toda la
tierra hablaba la
misma lengua y
usaba las mismas
palabras. […] El
Señor dijo: “Hablan
una misma lengua..
Nada les impedirá
llevar a cabo todo lo
que se propongan.
Pues bien,
descendamos y
confundamos su
lenguaje para que
no se entiendan los
unos a los otros”.
3. ORIGEN DE LA DIVERSIDAD LINGÜÍSTICA
LOS ESTUDIOS CIENTÍFICOS: EL MÉTODO COMPARATIVO
William Jones (1786)
The Sanskrit language, whatever be its antiquity, is of a wonderful
structure: more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin, and
more exquisitely refined than either, yet bearing to both of them a stronger
affinity, both in the roots of verbs and in the forms of grammar, than could
possibly have been produced by accident; so strong indeed, that no
philologer could examine them all three, without believing them to have
sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists:
there is a similar reason, though not quite so forcible, for supposing that
both the Gothic and the Celtic, though blended with a very different idiom,
had the same origin with the Sanskrit; and the old Persian might be added
to the same family.
4. HIPÓTESIS DE LA EXPANSIÓN
Tomado de: http://www.delcastellano.com/2008/04/17/que-esproto-indoeuropeo/
5. LOCALIZACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA DE LAS RAMAS DE LA FAMILIA
INDOEUROPEA Y OTRAS LIMÍTROFES
Tomado de Promotora española de Lingüística:
http://www.proel.org/index.php?pagina=mundo/indoeuro
6. LENGUAS INDOEUROPEAS EN EL MUNDO HOY
Tomado de: http://www.delcastellano.com/2008/04/17/que-esproto-indoeuropeo/
7. Ejemplo de reconstrucción: numeral “cinco”
Ind.
Iran.
Armen.
Greek
Alban.
Balt.
Slav.
Germ.
Ital.
Celt.
Modern Languages:
Singh.
Osset.
East Arm.
Cret.
Alban.
Kur.
Slovak.
Far.
Ladin.
Sc.-Gael.
pəhá
fonʒ
hing
péde
pésə
pîəts
pät'
fimm
čint'
kōig'
Oldest Attestations:
Ved.
Avest.
Old Arm.
Homer.
Early Alb.
Old Lith.
OCSl.
Goth.
Lat.
Old Ir.
pánča
panča
hing
pénte
pesə
penkì
pętĭ
fimf
quīnque
kōg'
Reconstructable Prestage:
Pr.-IIr.
Pr.Armen.
Pr.-Greek
Pr.Alban.
Pr.-Balt.
Pr.-Slav.
Pr.-Germ.
Pr.-Ital.
Pr.-Celt.
*panča
*pՙenkՙe
*pénkue
*pénke
*pénk-ī
*penk-tis
*fímfe
*kuenkue
*kuenkue
Proto-Indo-European Reconstruction:
*pénkue
Tomado de http://titus.uni-frankfurt.de/didact/idg/idgrek.htm