2. • Introduction
• Wildlife offence and wildlife crime
• Wildlife enforcement Agency
• Wildlife Crime Prevention & Breaking
• Wildlife Enforcement Cooperation
• Outlook of China’s Policy to combat illegal wildlife trade
3. • Wildlife has been considered as an important resource to
human and states for its environmental function and economic
function.
• Transnational wildlife crime (Regional/international wildlife
trade) caused wildlife over-exploitation and pushed certain
wildlife species close to extinction.
• Wildlife protection and transnational wildlife crime has been an
issue of international politics in the world.
• With the development of economic and the influence of
traditional culture, Chinese mid-class has become the main
consumers of wildlife in both the region and the world.
• As a great power in Asia-Pacific, China had played and would
play an important role in combating illegal wildlife trade in the
region.
4. International agreement
Wildlife protection Law
Wildlife offence
Criminal Law Wildlife crime
Supreme People's Court judicial interpretation on wildlife
crime
5. • 1) Wildlife Protection Law—Administrative law
• --Illegal poaching precious and rare wildlife (Article 31-
32)
• --Destroy wildlife habitat (Article 34)
• --Traffic, trade, stock precious and rare wildlife (Article
35)
• --Import, or export precious and rare wildlife (Article 36)
• --Sell/buy or distribute, fraud official permission about
hunting, transporting, importing/ exporting wildlife(Article
37)
6. • 2) Criminal law
• (I) Domestic wildlife crime (Article 341)
• --Illegal poaching precious and rare wildlife,
• --Illegal trade/transport wildlife,
• --Illegal hunting wildlife
• Circumstance is not serious, shall be sentenced no
more than 5 years imprisonment, currently or
independently a fine;
• Circumstance is serious, shall be imprisonment for 5-
10 years, and with a fine;
• Circumstance is especially serious, imprisonment of
not less 10 years and a fine or confiscation of personal
property.
7. • (II)Transnational wildlife crime(Article 151)
• ---Smuggle precious and rare species of wildlife/by-product,
• Circumstance is not serious, shall be sentenced no
more than 5 years imprisonment, currently or
independently a fine;
• Circumstance is serious, shall be imprisonment for 5-
10 years, and with a fine;
• Circumstance is especially serious, imprisonment of
not less 10 years and a fine or confiscation of personal
property.
8. • Forest Public Security Agency ( Forest police)
• Customs Service ( Anti Smuggling Agency)
• Border Police (Armed Police)
• CITES Coordination Office
9. • 1) Forest Public Security Agency ( Forest police)
• Forest Public Security is a professional wildlife
enforcement in China, and also the largest wildlife
enforcement in the world.
• China forest police is responsible for investigating and
cracking down on crimes involving wildlife resources.
• China forest police currently have agencies covering the
whole country, with 50,000 staff experienced in
protecting wildlife.
10. • 2) Customs Service ( Anti Smuggling Agency)
• China Customs is a government agency that supervises
and manages all arrivals in and departures from the
customs territory of the mainland of the People's
Republic of China.
• Fighting wildlife smuggling is one of its essential task.
11. • 3) Public Security Border Police (Armed Police)
• Public Security Border Police is a law enforcement in
boundary region and port.
• Public Security Border Police is in charge of investigation
smuggling crimes in its administrative area.
12. • 4) CITES Coordination Office
• Management and enforce regulation on Endangered
Species Import & Export.
• Coordinate wildlife enforcement to prevent wildlife crime
14. • In past 30 years, Forest Police had uncovered 4,568,000
wildlife crimes, confiscated 72,864,000 wildlife, and
processed 6,673,000 offenders in China.
15. Sign the CITES agreement in 1981
Led Cobra OperationCobra II Operation between 2012-
2014
