Anatomy of eyelid

1. Eyelid

2. • Eyelids are mobile tissue curtains placed in front of
eyeballs
• Function:
- Act as shutters protecting eyes from injuries and
excessive light
- Help spread tear film over cornea and conjunctiva
- Help in drainage of tears by lacrimal pump system
- Contribute to the facial feature Information regarding
the state of wakefulness and attention

5. CANTHI
• Two lids meet each other at medial and lateral
angles
• Medial angle is rounded and 5mm medial to
the eye ball.
• The medial canthus is about 2mm higher than
the lateral canthus.

6. PALPEBRAL APERTURE
• Elliptical space between the upper and lower
lid
• Measure about 10-11mm vertically and 28-
30mm horizontally

7. LID MARGIN
• 2mm broad
• Divided by punctum into two parts
- Medial ,lacrimal portion : rounded
and devoid of lashes or glands
- Lateral ,ciliary portion :
*rounded anterior border
*sharp posterior border
*intermarginal strip
*grey line

8. STRUCTURE
1. Skin
2. Subcutaneous areolar tissue
3. Layer of striated muscle
orbicularis muscle
- three portions :orbital, palpebral, lacrimal
- closes eyelids, supplied by zygomatic branch of facial
nerve
levator palpebrae superioris
- arises from apex of orbit
- inserted on skin of lid, tarsal plate, conjunctiva of superior
fornix
- raises upper lid, supplied by branch of oculomotor nerve

9. 4. Submuscular areolar tissue
- nerves and vessels lie in
this layer
- to anaesthetise
5. Fibrous layer
- central tarsal plate
- peripheral septum orbitale
6. Layer of non-striated muscle
fibres
- palpebral muscle of Muller
7. Conjunctiva
- palpebral conjuctiva
- marginal, tarsal, orbital

10. GLANDS OF EYELIDS
1. Meibomian glands or tarsal
glands- present in stroma -
arranged vertically - 30 to 40
in upper lid and 20 to 30 in
lower lid - modified
sebaceous glands
2. Glands of Zeis - open into
follicles of eyelashes
3. Glands of Moll - modified
sweat glands situated near
hair follicles - open into hair
follicles or into ducts of Zeis
4. Accessory lacrimal glands of
Wolfring - upper border of
tarsal plate

12. Blood supply
• ARTERIES:
-In humans, the eyelids are supplied with
blood by two arches on each upper and lower
lid.
- The arches are formed by anastamoses of the
lateral palpebral arteries and medial palpebral
arteries, branching off from the lacrimal artery
and ophthalmic artery, respectively.

13. • VEINS:
These are arranged in two plexus: a post-tarsal
which drains into ophthalmic veins and a pre-
tarsal opening into subcutaneous veins.
• LYMPHATICS:
Arranged as post-tarsal and pre-tarsal. Those
from lateral half of the lids drain into preauricular
lymph nodes and those from the medial half of
the eyelids drain into submandibular lymph
nodes.

14. NERVE SUPPLY
• Motor nerves
Facial - orbicularis muscle
Oculomotor- levator palpebrae superioris
Sympathetic fibres – Muller’s muscle
• Sensory nerves
Upper lids : lacrimal, supraorbital and
supratrochlear branches of trigeminal nerve
Lower lid : infraorbital nerve with infratrochlear
branch

15. Thank you