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‫الثاني‬ ‫الفصل‬
‫الطلب‬
‫العرض‬
‫المرونة‬
&
1
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‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬"
‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الطلب‬:
•‫خال‬ ‫يف‬ ،‫خمتلفة‬ ‫أمثان‬ ‫عند‬ ‫معينة‬ ‫خدمة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫سلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫ائها‬‫ر‬‫ش‬ ‫يف‬ ‫املستهلكون‬ ‫يرغب‬ ‫اليت‬ ‫الكميات‬ ‫هو‬‫معينة‬ ‫ممنية‬ ‫تةر‬ ‫ ل‬.
‫الطلب‬ ‫حمددات‬(‫أ‬‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫و‬: )
.1‫س‬ ‫ث‬ ‫السلعة‬ ‫سعر‬.
.2‫الس‬ ‫أسعار‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫ث‬ ، ‫ب‬ ‫ث‬ ‫االخرى‬ ‫ع‬.
.3‫ل‬ ‫الدخل‬.
.4‫ن‬ ‫السكان‬ ‫عدد‬.
.5‫ذ‬ ‫اق‬‫و‬‫االذ‬.
.6‫ك‬‫س‬ ‫ط‬=‫د‬(،‫س‬ ‫ث‬،‫ل‬،‫ب‬ ‫ث‬،‫ذ‬ ،‫ن‬ ،‫م‬ ‫ث‬).......‫الطلب‬ ‫دالة‬.
2
‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬"
‫الطلب‬ ‫حمددات‬
‫كمية‬‫حمددات‬‫نوعية‬ ‫حمددات‬‫والتق‬ ‫والعادات‬ ‫الدين‬‫اليد‬
‫واألذواق‬(‫ذ‬ ، ‫ع‬ ،‫د‬)..
‫س‬ ‫ث‬‫ ل‬‫األخرى‬ ‫السلع‬ ‫امثان‬‫ن‬
‫ب‬ ‫ث‬‫م‬ ‫ث‬
3
‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬ ‫قانون‬"
•،‫والسعر‬ ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫بني‬ ‫عكسية‬ ‫عالقة‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫على‬ ‫ينص‬‫األ‬ ‫العوامل‬ ‫بقية‬ ‫ثبات‬ ‫مع‬‫حاهلا‬ ‫على‬ ‫خرى‬.
‫الطلب‬ ‫قانون‬
‫الطلب‬ ‫جدو ل‬
•‫ت‬ ‫يف‬ ‫وذلك‬ ، ‫خمتلفة‬ ‫ية‬‫ر‬‫سع‬ ‫مستوايت‬ ‫عند‬ ‫ما‬ ‫سلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫يبني‬ ‫جدو ل‬ ‫هو‬‫معينة‬ ‫ممنية‬ ‫ةر‬.
‫الطلب‬ ‫منحىن‬
•،‫خمتلفة‬ ‫أسعار‬ ‫عند‬ ‫ما‬ ‫سلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫يبني‬ ‫الذى‬ ‫املنحىن‬ ‫هو‬‫ممني‬ ‫تةر‬ ‫يف‬‫معينة‬ ‫ة‬.
‫اليمني‬ ‫اىل‬ ‫اليسار‬ ‫ومن‬ ‫أسفل‬ ‫اىل‬ ‫أعلى‬ ‫من‬ ‫ينحدر‬ ‫الطلب‬ ‫ومنحىن‬.‫ا‬ ‫املثا ل‬ ‫اعطاء‬ ‫وميكن‬‫للتوضيح‬ ‫لتايل‬:
‫جرامات‬ ‫الكيلو‬ ‫بماليين‬ ‫االسبوع‬ ‫في‬ ‫المطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬(‫ك‬‫ط‬) ‫بالرياالت‬ ‫الكيلو‬ ‫سعر‬(‫ث‬)
15 0
12 2
9 4
6 6
3 8
‫ما‬ ‫سلعة‬ ‫على‬ ‫الطلب‬ ‫جدول‬ 4
‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬ ‫قانون‬"Law of demand
15
12
9
6
3
1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
1 3 6 9 12 15
‫السعر‬
‫الكمية‬
‫الطلب‬ ‫منحنى‬
‫السعر‬
‫الطلب‬ ‫منحىن‬
5
‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬ ‫دالة‬"The demand function
‫كالتايل‬‫وتكتب‬:‫ك‬‫ط‬=‫د‬(‫ث‬)
‫أن‬ ‫حيث‬:
‫ك‬‫ط‬=‫السلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬.
‫ث‬=‫السلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫الوحد‬ ‫سعر‬.
‫د‬=‫يف‬ ‫دالة‬(‫ب‬ ‫تتحدد‬.)
‫الطلب‬ ‫دالة‬
6
‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬ ‫دالة‬"The demand function
‫كالتايل‬‫وتكتب‬:‫ك‬‫ط‬=‫د‬(‫ث‬)
‫أن‬ ‫حيث‬:
‫ك‬‫ط‬=‫السلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬.
‫ث‬=‫السلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫الوحد‬ ‫سعر‬.
‫د‬=‫يف‬ ‫دالة‬(‫ب‬ ‫تتحدد‬.)
‫الطلب‬ ‫دالة‬
7

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(الطلب العرض والمرونة (عينة

  • 2. ‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬" ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الطلب‬: •‫خال‬ ‫يف‬ ،‫خمتلفة‬ ‫أمثان‬ ‫عند‬ ‫معينة‬ ‫خدمة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫سلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫ائها‬‫ر‬‫ش‬ ‫يف‬ ‫املستهلكون‬ ‫يرغب‬ ‫اليت‬ ‫الكميات‬ ‫هو‬‫معينة‬ ‫ممنية‬ ‫تةر‬ ‫ ل‬. ‫الطلب‬ ‫حمددات‬(‫أ‬‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫و‬: ) .1‫س‬ ‫ث‬ ‫السلعة‬ ‫سعر‬. .2‫الس‬ ‫أسعار‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫ث‬ ، ‫ب‬ ‫ث‬ ‫االخرى‬ ‫ع‬. .3‫ل‬ ‫الدخل‬. .4‫ن‬ ‫السكان‬ ‫عدد‬. .5‫ذ‬ ‫اق‬‫و‬‫االذ‬. .6‫ك‬‫س‬ ‫ط‬=‫د‬(،‫س‬ ‫ث‬،‫ل‬،‫ب‬ ‫ث‬،‫ذ‬ ،‫ن‬ ،‫م‬ ‫ث‬).......‫الطلب‬ ‫دالة‬. 2
  • 3. ‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬" ‫الطلب‬ ‫حمددات‬ ‫كمية‬‫حمددات‬‫نوعية‬ ‫حمددات‬‫والتق‬ ‫والعادات‬ ‫الدين‬‫اليد‬ ‫واألذواق‬(‫ذ‬ ، ‫ع‬ ،‫د‬).. ‫س‬ ‫ث‬‫ ل‬‫األخرى‬ ‫السلع‬ ‫امثان‬‫ن‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ث‬‫م‬ ‫ث‬ 3
  • 4. ‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬ ‫قانون‬" •،‫والسعر‬ ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫بني‬ ‫عكسية‬ ‫عالقة‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫على‬ ‫ينص‬‫األ‬ ‫العوامل‬ ‫بقية‬ ‫ثبات‬ ‫مع‬‫حاهلا‬ ‫على‬ ‫خرى‬. ‫الطلب‬ ‫قانون‬ ‫الطلب‬ ‫جدو ل‬ •‫ت‬ ‫يف‬ ‫وذلك‬ ، ‫خمتلفة‬ ‫ية‬‫ر‬‫سع‬ ‫مستوايت‬ ‫عند‬ ‫ما‬ ‫سلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫يبني‬ ‫جدو ل‬ ‫هو‬‫معينة‬ ‫ممنية‬ ‫ةر‬. ‫الطلب‬ ‫منحىن‬ •،‫خمتلفة‬ ‫أسعار‬ ‫عند‬ ‫ما‬ ‫سلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫يبني‬ ‫الذى‬ ‫املنحىن‬ ‫هو‬‫ممني‬ ‫تةر‬ ‫يف‬‫معينة‬ ‫ة‬. ‫اليمني‬ ‫اىل‬ ‫اليسار‬ ‫ومن‬ ‫أسفل‬ ‫اىل‬ ‫أعلى‬ ‫من‬ ‫ينحدر‬ ‫الطلب‬ ‫ومنحىن‬.‫ا‬ ‫املثا ل‬ ‫اعطاء‬ ‫وميكن‬‫للتوضيح‬ ‫لتايل‬: ‫جرامات‬ ‫الكيلو‬ ‫بماليين‬ ‫االسبوع‬ ‫في‬ ‫المطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬(‫ك‬‫ط‬) ‫بالرياالت‬ ‫الكيلو‬ ‫سعر‬(‫ث‬) 15 0 12 2 9 4 6 6 3 8 ‫ما‬ ‫سلعة‬ ‫على‬ ‫الطلب‬ ‫جدول‬ 4
  • 5. ‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬ ‫قانون‬"Law of demand 15 12 9 6 3 1 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1 3 6 9 12 15 ‫السعر‬ ‫الكمية‬ ‫الطلب‬ ‫منحنى‬ ‫السعر‬ ‫الطلب‬ ‫منحىن‬ 5
  • 6. ‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬ ‫دالة‬"The demand function ‫كالتايل‬‫وتكتب‬:‫ك‬‫ط‬=‫د‬(‫ث‬) ‫أن‬ ‫حيث‬: ‫ك‬‫ط‬=‫السلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬. ‫ث‬=‫السلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫الوحد‬ ‫سعر‬. ‫د‬=‫يف‬ ‫دالة‬(‫ب‬ ‫تتحدد‬.) ‫الطلب‬ ‫دالة‬ 6
  • 7. ‫الثاني‬‫الفصل‬"‫الطلب‬ ‫دالة‬"The demand function ‫كالتايل‬‫وتكتب‬:‫ك‬‫ط‬=‫د‬(‫ث‬) ‫أن‬ ‫حيث‬: ‫ك‬‫ط‬=‫السلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫املطلوبة‬ ‫الكمية‬. ‫ث‬=‫السلعة‬ ‫من‬ ‫الوحد‬ ‫سعر‬. ‫د‬=‫يف‬ ‫دالة‬(‫ب‬ ‫تتحدد‬.) ‫الطلب‬ ‫دالة‬ 7