This document describes a new fire safety system for metro tunnels called Impulse Storm-S. It provides a pulverized mixture of water, foam concentrate, and inert gas that can safely extinguish electrical fires. Standard fire extinguishers are ineffective in metro tunnels due to the risk of electric shock and limited reach. The Impulse Storm-S system addresses this by emitting an ultrafine water mist that is electrically safe. It has been successfully implemented in the metro systems of several cities and certified for use.

1. FEATURES OF
NEW GENERATION FIRE SAFETY
FOR METRO TUNNELS
NEW IMPULSE TECHNOLOGIES
FIREFIGHTING IMPULSE STORM TECHNOLOGIES AND SYSTEMS
www.impulse-storm.com
APRIL/2016

2. Problem
Cause
Solution
Summary
AGENDA

3. PROBLEM
Fires in underground transportation structures and tunnels are characterized by quick
spreading of dangerous substances, fast temperature raising, blocking of escape routes,
contamination of adjacent surface areas and buildings with toxic products result of the
fire, damage of tunnels’ structures, and interruption of important traffic artery.
Fire development in subway train cars, on passenger platforms, escalators, tunnels and
subway objects, which are critically important for safety, has essential peculiarities, such
as:
- semi-confined areas with significant concentration of people, associated with the
complexities of passenger evacuation;
- high possibility of burning of materials that discharge toxic components when burning;
presence of a power cables with voltage of up to 10 kW;
- presence of a considerable number of electric installations under voltage, including the
train cars;
- high air exchange speed causing fast increase of temperature to the values of over one
thousand degrees.

4. PROBLEM
The specific characteristics of the fires on underground objects and in tunnels, demand
strict and specific requirements to fire extinguishing systems, in particular:
- fire extinguishing substances used in rail wagons, on passenger platforms and escalators
must be safe for people;
- the system should secure quick performance, including cases in which maneuvering is
restricted in the tunnel;
- the fire extinguishing system should secure safety for the people present in rail wagons,
on platforms and escalators,
- the fire liquidation task should not lead to flooding of subway tunnels, cable trays, and
engineer premises.

5. Problem
Cause
Solution
Summary
AGENDA

6. CAUSE
Subway train conductors are usually the first persons who detect a fire that
emerged in the result of a short circuit in a cable or in a contact rail. One may think
that the initial, simplest and easiest action should be having the conductor stop the
train, take a fire extinguisher, and extinguish the burning cable before the
neighboring cables insulation catches on fire and the fire evolves to an uncontrolled
stage. However, in reality, this is impossible to do, due to several reasons:
- one cannot approach the area of a short circuit in less than two meters, in order to
avoid electric shock.
- it is prohibited to use standards water or water-and-foam fire extinguishers.
- due to the distance from the ignition center, the use a carbon dioxide or other gas
fire extinguishers is inefficient. Some energized cables can be disposed at heights
reaching up to 5 meters from the floor level.
These three points are also applicable for cases when a fire happens under train
cars and in a contact rail.
The existing fire extinguishers occupy reasonable areas in the conductor’s cabin
and often cannot be applied because of their heavy weight.

7. CAUSE
Standard firefighting water mist system in the railroad tunnels are dangerous,
inefficient and also expensive. Photo show the result of "work" water mist system
in Eurotunnel on Saturday 17 January 2015.
Cost this water mist system 22 000 000 euro.

8. Problem
Cause
Solution
Summary
AGENDA

9. SOLUTION
Impulse Storm-S Pulverization System.
The pulverization component is a deeply upgraded system of mixing and injecting liquid rocket fuel
components into the combustion chamber of a space rocket.
As everyone knows the jet stream in a rocket engine is created by three components during
combustion: fuel, oxidizing agent, catalyst. These components are special parts of a space rocket.
They are premixed in a uniform structure and set on fire afterwards.
The Impulse Storm-S Technology mixes water, neutral gas and foam concentrate in the fuel injector
in a similar way and emits as a cold stream to fire.
In other words, our team of scientists has created a symbiosis of rocket engines that instead of hot
jet emits a stream of cold pulverized special mixture waterfoamneutral gas.

10. SOLUTION
The main differences:
- The droplet size less than 100 microns.
- Ultrafine-water flow.
- The special composition of which can not create any electrical hazard.
The result is 100% electrical safety. Video test for electrical safety on the next page.

11. SOLUTION
System Impulse Storm-S is produced as hand-held fire extinguishers
stationary and mobile systems. Video action systems in metro tunnel
on the next page.

12. Problem
Cause
Solution
Summary
AGENDA

13. SUMMARY
All systems Impulse Storm-S certified in the countries exUSSSR and
more than 12 years are used in metro cities of Moscow, Kharkov,
Dnepropetrovsk, Samara, Moscow, Minsk, Novosibirsk, St. Petersburg.
Independent production created in the United Arab Emirates,
Germany, Switzerland and Hungary.

14. WWW.IMPULSE-STORM.COM