1 Class Today • Print notes and examples • Trusses.docx

1
Class Today
• Print notes and examples
• Trusses
– Definition
– Working with Trusses
– Truss Analysis
• Example Problems
• Group Work Time
http://www.mst.edu/~ide50-3/printable_notes/13_Trusses.pdf
http://www.mst.edu/~ide50-
3/printable_notes/13_Trusses_examples.pdf
…these are cool trusses
Norman Foster
Sainsbury Centre
Santiago Calatrava
Turning Torso

Shigeru Ban
Japanese Pavilion
KMR
… be inspired!
3
Renzo Piano
Kansai International Airport
Rem Koolhaas
The Shenzhen Stock Exchange
KMR
So what are trusses?
http://bridgehunter.com/story/1109/
http://www.americanpoleandtimber.com/img/wood-timber-
trusses-park-BIG.jpg
http://www.hndszj.com/eng/uploads/201008101822313.jpg
Trusses are …
• Structures designed to support loads:
− Will transmit loads through the joints of the structure

− Will ultimately transmit loads to the foundation
• Cost effective in design because:
− Weight is minimized (weight of members is typically
light compared to loads carried, so it is often
neglected)
− Strength to weight ratio is maximized
Image copyright 2013, Pearson Education, publishing as
Prentice Hall
Working with Trusses:
Assumptions
• All loads are applied / transmitted at joints
• All members are joined by pin connections
• Consist entirely of two-force members
(review section 5.4)
• Can contain zero-force members
Prentice Hall

Zero-force Members
What are zero-force members?
• Structural members that carry no force
Why do we use them?
• Used to provide stability
– During construction
– If (intermittent) loading of the truss changes
• Shortens chord length and increases
buckling capacity of compression members
7
Zero-force Members: Case 1
Zero-force Members: Case 2
10
http://www.tatasteelconstruction.com/static_files/Images/Constr
uction/Reference/
architectural%20studio/elements/Structural%20steel%20trusses/

j2.jpg
http://www.tboake.com/SSEF1/rose2.shtml
http://sluggyjunx.com/rr/georgetown_branch/gallery/04_16_0
3_gb_canal_bridges/04_16_03-gb_canal_br-34.jpg
Gusset plate
pin
Joint Connections
Welded
connection
http://www.tatasteelconstruction.com/en/reference/teaching-
resources/architectural-teaching-
resource/elements/connections/connections-
in-trusses
11
http://civildigital.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Rocker-
Type-Bearing.jpg
http://www.dot.state.mn.us/historicbridges/bridge-pictures.html
Rocker
support Truss

Supports
Roller supports
So what is the objective of an analysis?
• To determine
the support
reactions.
• To determine
the forces
supported by
individual
members of the
truss. 12
13
FBDs of each
pin and each

member.
(exploded view
showing tension
and compression
forces in a truss)
Prentice Hall
FBD of
whole
truss
14
Analyzing Structural Forces in Truss Members
• Truss members will carry either
– axial tension (T) forces or
– axial compression (C) forces
• There are two methods of evaluating
trusses.

– Method of Joints (static equilibrium of a point)
– Method of Sections (static equilibrium of a
rigid body)
15
Truss Analysis: Method of Joints
Evaluate an individual joint or pin connection.
• Treat each joint as a 2D particle in equilibrium
• Can have a maximum of two unknowns
• Can sum forces in x & y direction
16
Truss Analysis: Method of Sections
Evaluate a section including multiple joints.
• Treat as 2D rigid body in equilibrium
• Must cut through structural members to evaluate the force.
• Maximum of three unknowns (to solve everything)

• Can sum forces in x & y direction
• Can sum moments
17
Method of Approach for Truss
Problems
1. Solve for support reactions if needed.
2. Mark all members on the truss that need to be
solved.
3. Pick the joint / section for which you will draw your
FBD. Make sure you have the appropriate number
of unknowns.
4. ALWAYS assume unknown forces to be in
TENSION.
5. Be sure to designate answers as (T) or (C)
6. In subsequent FBDs, draw known forces in the
direction they actually act.

18
Trusses
Free Body Diagram Practice
Draw the correct FBD to
solve for the forces in
members CD, CJ and IJ.
19
Trusses: More FBD Practice
Assuming the necessary support
reactions have already been
found, draw the correct FBD to
solve for the forces in members
DE, JM and JH.
20
Trusses: More FBD Practice
Assuming the necessary support reactions have already been

found, draw the correct FBD to solve for the forces in members
CD
and DE.
Can trusses have curved
members?
• Two-force members do not have to be
straight…
• The ideal answer is NO, but …
• Yes, if the members are sufficiently stiff
so that moments developed at the
connections are negligible.
• Curved members are not as cost-
effective.
21
Running Head: ANALYSIS PAPER
1
ANALYSIS PAPER

6
Analysis Paper
Krista Kim
Rasmussen College
Author Note
This paper is being submitted on January 14th, 2018, for Kim
Sanders’s H490/HSA4922 Section 01 Healthcare Management
Capstone - Online Plus - 2018 Winter Quarter
Analysis Paper
What is the current economic situation for UCCO? What
suggestions can Barbara make to help mitigate financial issues?
Use the financial review provided in the UCCO case.
While the move to implementation of more Electronic Health
System is necessary and also commendable since it would help
to increase the level of efficiency, effectiveness, quality of care
and also enhance the patient outcome, there are a lot of costs
that are associated with its implementation. For example from
the scenario, we are told that a situational analysis will be
needed and therefore the organization will be required to invest

a lot of resources in research to conduct a comprehensive
review and also the purchase and maintenance also EHR
systems also demand extra costs. The healthcare currently may
not be in the economic position to meet what the UCCO want.
This is because the whole process is expensive and the
organization may not that much money in store to see this
through from the beginning to the end.
To mitigate financial issues, there is a need for proper financial
planning. Business planning, in this case, involves the
identification and estimation of all costs that the healthcare is
bound to suffer, budgeting and also seeking alternative sources
of funding enable them to meet the various values. For example,
they can find government funding.
Situational/SWOT Analysis
Table 1: Allscripts EHR
Internal and External Influences
Strengths: Good electronic prescribing, one can run multiple
ERA, offers versatility in features and good security and data
protection.
Weaknesses: It is slow, not intuitive and poor patient support.
Opportunities: It can be made more automated.
Threats: Competition from other systems which have proven
more effective in some areas of disadvantage.
Trends that can impact clinic performance, market and financial
position
The software allows for data to be taken from multiple sources
and put together in one source and this ensures that patients are
able to access their medical data from different treatment
centres (Glenn, 2013).
It offers different forms of pricing and financial options that

allow healthcare centres to be able to choose according to their
financial position.
Currently this is the software that has grabbed the biggest
market share.
EHR System functions and capabilities
Despite having a lot of capabilities in terms of normalizing,
analysing, access and storage of data that system has poor
functionality since it crashes easily and needs high
maintenance.
EHR End-user requirements and ease of use
The software is not very user friends
Table 2: eClinicalWorks EHR
Internal and External Influences
Strengths: It does not mix data from different practices and
hence making it highly organized, it is fast and has standout
features.
Weaknesses: Poor usability and lacks features such as charting.
Opportunities: Increase ease to use
Threats: High competition
Trends that can impact clinic performance, market and financial
position
The service has made storage of the bulky medical records more
secure and more accessible and also transferable.
It also offers very low and affordable pricing with low set up
and maintenance cost thus lowering the cost for health
facilities.
EHR System functions and capabilities
This is a very effective system since it offers features that

enhance optimum use and access of data by physicians and
patients. For example Healow the patient portal patients can
input their wellness data and interact with physicians easily
(Glenn, 2013).
EHR End-user requirements and ease of use
There are too many clicks needed when using it and thus not
easy to use but easier compared to AllScripts.
What type of electronic record system should Barbara
recommend for the company?
The EHR that she should be one that meets the optimum goal
for EHR implementation that is making medical record keeping
more efficient and also optimizing the use and access of
data(Hodgkins, 2017).
What is her best option?
From the two choices analysed above, eClinicalWorks would be
the best fit in fulfilling the general EHR objective.
What are the financial implications?
The cost of implementing this system as discussed in the
analysis table is meagre starting from the start-up cost to the
maintenance cost.
Explain the choice based on what the system can provide in
comparison to the organizational challenges?
This system can be able to promote efficiency and patient
outcome optimally. Other than secure storage of data and easy
access of data, physicians can be able to track the medical
condition of patients without physical visits, and patients can be
able to arrange referrals and also request refills through the
system. This helps to lower the cost of healthcare while
improving quality. The organization is also able to save on

value due to the low costing of the system.
References
Glenn, B. (2013). Top 10 most popular EHR systems for small
practices. Medical Economics. From:
http://medicaleconomics.modernmedicine.com/medical-
economics/EHR/HIT/10-most-popular-ehr-systems-small-
practices?page=fullHodgkins, M. (2017). Electronic Health
Record (EHR) Implementation. Step Forward. From:
https://www.stepsforward.org/modules/ehr-implementation
Hodgkins, M. (2017). Electronic Health Record
(EHR) Implementation. Step Forward. From:
Sinha, P., Sunder, G., Bendale, P., Mantri, M. & Dande, A.
(2013). Electronic health record : standards, coding systems,
frameworks, and infrastructures. Piscataway, NJ Hoboken, New
Jersey: IEEE Press John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Running head: ANALYSIS PAPER
1
ANALYSIS PAPER
2
Analysis Paper
Krista Kim
Rasmussen College
Author Note
This paper is being submitted on January 21st, 2018, for Kim

Analysis Paper
Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, what should Barbara
recommend as an overall strategy?
From the SWOT analysis, the overall strategy that Barbara
should recommend is a system that is capable of meeting the
needs of the healthcare facility effectively and efficiently. The
strategy focuses on having systems that are fast to allow for
easy processing of information and offer quality support to the
patients. It should also have a high level of functionality to
allow for the normalizing, analyzing, access and the storage of
the entire patient's data and saving it for easy retrieving in the
future. The system should also be user-friendly so that the
professionals and the staff using it can be in a position to easily
maneuver in the process of care delivery. The other component
of the system that the company should consider is that it should
have a wide range of features to enhance maximum utilization
and the ease of data access by the patients and physicians.
Finally, the medical professionals should also be trained on how
to use the system upon implementation.
How will the selection of the chosen EHR system contribute to
the strategy? Further explain why it was the best choice.
One of the ways in which the selection of eClinical works EHR
will contribute to strategy is that it is the ability to maintain
highly organized data; it’s fast and also has amazing features.
The EHR system adapted for use in the organization should be
in a position to increase effectiveness, efficiency, achieve
quality in the delivery of care and also enhance the patient’s
outcomes (Sinha et al., 2013). Due to its organization, the
system will make it easy for the health care professionals to
retrieve the patients’ information while at the same time
ensuring security to prevent access of the patient information by
unauthorized persons. The e-Clinical works will also contribute

to the strategy because it offers low and affordable prices and
has low maintenance costs and this aids in the reduction of the
costs that the healthcare facilities incur in the maintenance. The
other way in which the system will contribute to the strategy is
that it has a wide scope of features which make it easy for the
patients and the physicians to login into their portals and
interact with each other.
On what basis should she develop actions items? What should
the action items be, as they directly relate to the strategy?
The action items should be developed based on their importance
in meeting the organizational goals and objectives. The
organization aims at implementing an Electronic Health System
that will assist in the improvement of the level of effectiveness,
efficiency in the delivery of care and also quality. The actions
items that should be taken and directly relating to the strategy
are; creation of an implementation team, configuration of the
software, identification of the hardware needs, transfer of the
data, optimization of the workflows in the pre-launch,
consideration of the layout of the rooms, deciding of the
approach that will be used in the launching of the system,
development of the procedures to be followed when the EHR
system is down and lastly initiating the training plan (Hodgkins,
2017).
What should the recommended outcomes and/ or long-term
goals be, based on the action items?
One of the recommended outcomes based on the action items is
that all the medical professionals and the patients should be
trained on how to use the system effectively. The patient should
be shown how they are supposed to login in the system so that
they can post their wellness information and get a chance to
interact with the medical providers online. The other
recommendation is that the hospital should be adequately

prepared to ways in which they will carry out normal activities
in case the system goes down to avoid halting of services.
Lastly, training should be a long-term activity to ensure that all
people are acquitted with the skills needed for online interaction
with the medical providers. All this will aid in the increasing of
the efficiency and effectiveness in the delivery of care.
References
Sinha, P., Sunder, G., Bendale, P., Mantri, M. & Dande, A.
(2013). Electronic health record : standards, coding systems,
frameworks, and infrastructures. Piscataway, NJ Hoboken, New
Jersey: IEEE Press John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Glenn, B. (2013). Top 10 most popular EHR systems for small
practices. Medical Economics. From:
http://medicaleconomics.modernmedicine.com/medical-
economics/EHR/HIT/10-most-popular-ehr-systems-small-
practices?page=full
Running head: ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
2
Module 04 Project – Ethical Considerations
Krista Kim
Rasmussen College
Author Note

This paper is being submitted on January 28th, 2018, for Kim
Was the nursing manager legally compliant with to protect
patient information? Explain the legal risks and support with
federal legislations and professional expectations, such as
HIPAA and professional codes of ethics
It is essential for medical practitioners to protect the patient
information despite their age or religion. The nurse manager
verbally warned the nurses and staff involved in the case
verbally. I think that the nurse manager legally complied with
protecting patient information. However, I think that the burse
could have applied a different approach to the nurses. The nurse
posted the issue on her social media page using a clinic-owned
computer which is a breach of confidentiality. There are certain
consequences of the breach of patient confidentiality which
include mistrust, lawsuit and disciplinary action. Information of
patients should not be publicized and if such happens, legal
action should be considered. It is also noted that the staff
productivity is affected by the use of personal cell phones and
clinical equipment is often used for social media. The same case
applies to the nurse who posted a comment about the patient on
her social media page using a clinical-owned computer.
Therefore, the nurse manager could not only give the nurses and
the staff verbal warning but could also take more actions on
them so as to reduce and eradicate such cases from happening
again.
Legally, nurses are bound to protect patient health information.
This is also demonstrated by the HIPAA law which protects and
keeps confidential personal information of patients. In addition,
they also set limits and conditions on the use of patient’s

information and disclosure without patient authorization. Health
practitioners who breach confidentiality risk for lawsuit
damages and criminal charges. As stated by HIPAA law, when a
law stated by the HIPAA is violated, a fine of $100 to $1.5
million is applied. In addition to that, the health practitioner
risk for sanctions or loss of license (Scott, 2000). It is a HIPAA
violation for nurses to gossip about patients to friends and
workers and hence it can cost a practice a significant fine.
Therefore, it is advisable for employees to avoid sharing any
patient information with anyone. In addition to that, it is a
violation to post any patient’s information on social media. This
is a breach of patient’s privacy and may lead to legal
consequences such as fine (Scott, 2000).
What bearing does the age and religious requests have on the
patient's case? Are there medical and ethical laws that supersede
the parent's requests?
Patient being 13 years old, the parents made it clear to the staff
that they are not willing to give consent to any procedure
involving blood products or transfusion. However, when the
patient gains consciousness, the patient tells the nurse that any
care should apply to her since she is afraid of dying. Patients
should be treated with respect and understanding. It is an ethical
dilemma when patients reject blood transfusion even unto death
whereas it is the duty of the medical practitioner to provide
optimal treatment. As much as parents in certain religions
prevent their children from having a blood transfusion, children
have a right to decide on what should be done in critical
conditions in most cases in emergency situations (Carroll,
2018).
It is believed that any decision taken by parents or guardians is
targeted in safeguarding the best interest of the child’s welfare.
However, it’s a health practitioner’s legal and ethical obligation
rests with the child patient and not the wishes of the parents.
Children under the age of 16 years can legally give consent on
the issues that they understand (Carroll, 2018).
What is the role and importance of communication among

UCCO facilities, particularly in reference to compliance and
ethical standards?
Communication is the building block of successful
organizations. It is important to note that communication
promotes motivation, it is a source of information, it helps in
socializing, it helps in altering individuals’ attitudes, it helps in
controlling processes, and creating a workforce that is able to
communicate effectively. Communication will help health
practitioners in ensuring that they adhere to the set standards.
The nurses can be able to communicate on what is needed from
them and hence act as what is stipulated (Tompkins, 2015).
What are the ethical and professional factors of using social
media?
Social media has a negative effect on many health organizations
since some health practitioners may breach confidentiality.
Health organizations use of social media may affect the security
of patient information, and patient consent among others.
Therefore, many healthcare professionals have come up with
guidelines for use of social media. The guidelines may include.
Disciplinary actions for the inappropriate use of social media,
policies on the use of organizational email addresses and
graphics, and employee access to the internet and/or to social
networking site among others (Chretien, & Kind, 2013). In most
cases, healthcare organizations have policies that forbid the use
of work email addresses on social media and separating
personal and professional activities. Healthcare organizations
also sign HIPAA authorization before any information on
patients is posted on social media. The American Medical
Association (AMA) provided guidelines for the ethical use of
social media by health practitioners in 2010 (Chretien, & Kind,
2013). They include maintaining patient confidentiality and
provision of accurate and truthful information. It also provided
privacy settings that may fail to provide complete protection
and anything that the practitioner's post may be permanently on
the social media.
Were the reactions to the patient's case illegal, or just

unethical? How does this align with UCCO's mission, values,
and strategic action plans? How does it compare to your own
personal beliefs and values?
It was not ethical for reactions of the staff and nurse to the
patient’s case. It is not illegal to share patient’s information
with the fellow staff in some circumstances however the way
things were done was unethical. Their mission is to provide
quality healthcare to patients, it was important for the nurse to
do their work without exposing the issue to the public since it
proves that there is no confidentiality. Such cases have resulted
in a decreased quality of patient care. I believe that it is the
responsibility of the top management to ensure that employees
adhere to the set rules and policies and work towards achieving
the goals and objectives of the company. Therefore, the
management of the organization such as the nursing manager
should ensure that they work towards what is set. For example,
the nursing manager could use other measures other than verbal
warning so as to eradicate such issues from happening.
References
Carroll, A. (2018). Business & society : ethics, sustainability,
and stakeholder management. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Chretien, K. C., & Kind, T. (2013). Social Media and Clinical
Care. Circulation, 127(13), 1413-1421.
Koenig, H. G., King, D., & Carson, V. B. (2012). Handbook of
religion and health. Oup Usa.
Scott, C. (2000). Is Too Much Privacy Bad for Your Health--An
Introduction to the Law, Ethics, and HIPAA Rule on Medical
Privacy. Ga. St. UL Rev., 17, 481.
Tompkins, P. (2015). Practicing communication ethics :
development, discernment, and decision-making. London New
York: Routledge.

16SMCE411/16SCVE410–Engineering Design &
Management Implementation
Project Brief
Movable Electric Stacker (Lift and Stack Pallet)
(Sample picture)
Project Brief
You are working as design engineer at ACK workshop. You get
a Request for Proposal (RfP) from the
School of Engineering (client). The RfP includes initially the

design of a Movable Electric Stacker model.
This model will be produced later by another production firm
that is selected by the client.
The client (represented by your professor) has no constraints
regarding the material to be used. Each
member of the design team must individually develop a design
idea, calculate reaction forces and forces at
the joints, draw it with suitable CAD software including all
necessary details, and submit it later as drawing
folder. All dimensions must be in mm. Your design team needs
to discuss advantages and disadvantages of
each design idea, decide on one of the designs using an
engineering method, and prepare the design and
production documents. The group final design idea must be also
analysed by using appropriate software (e.g.
Multiframe), and by performing detailed hand calculations.
Software analysis is required only for the final
portfolio technical report. All detailed workshop and assembly
drawings and documents need to be
presented and submitted to the production team by the
beginning of week 6. The necessary material needed
to construct the model must be purchased by the design team as
well. Purchased material is reimbursed by

submitting the receipts to ACK before the end of the semester.
Furthermore, in order to qualify for
reimbursement, your purchase order needs to be approved by
your professor.
Production teams must ensure that all necessary material and
information to construct the model are
received from the designer teams by the end of week 6.
Requirements:
1. A stable user-friendly product must be created.
2. The total height of the stacker with all components is 800
mm.
3. The stacker should be movable along flat surfaces.
4. The forks length should not exceed 400 mm. This applies to
the straddle legs as well.
5. The forks must be lifted by using a single DC motor.
6. The cross-sectional area of each fork must be rectangular, not
exceeding the dimensions 40 mm x 20 mm.
7. The minimum lifting height of the fork is 400 mm.
8. The minimum load capacity of the stacker is 5 kg. Testing
weight has a cross-section of 400 mm x 400
mm
9. The product (lifting height) x (load capacity) must be

maximized.
10. The masts need to include trusses.
11. Joints could be either pin joints (using nuts and bolts) or
welded or a combination of both.
12. No balancing weights are allowed on the back side of the
stacker. However, stabilizing plates with a
maximum length of 150-200 mm can be used.
13. The product must not be painted and all work must be
carried out on-campus (i.e. in workshop)
14. The model has to be ready for testing at the beginning of
week 13.
15. Budget: 50.- KD per team (please hold receipts for
purchased items to submit them to Client for
reimbursement before the end of the semester).
Students can enter the workshop only with safety overall and
safety shoes. Using workshop machines is only
allowed under supervision of the workshop staff.
This is a team work. All team members are responsible for the
produced model.
Structural Analysis6
Engineering Mechanics:

Statics in SI Units, 12e
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Chapter Objectives
• Determine the forces in the members of a truss using
the method of joints and the method of sections
• Analyze forces acting on the members of frames and
machines composed of pin-connected members
Chapter Outline
1. Simple Trusses
2. The Method of Joints
3. Zero-Force Members
4. The Method of Sections
5. Space Trusses
6. Frames and Machines

6.1 Simple Trusses
• A truss composed of slender members joined together
at their end points
Planar Trusses
• Planar trusses used to support roofs and bridges
• Roof load is transmitted to the truss at joints by means
of a series of purlins
6.1 Simple Trusses
Planar Trusses
• The analysis of the forces developed in the truss
members is 2D
• Similar to roof truss, the bridge truss loading is also
coplanar

6.1 Simple Trusses
Assumptions for Design
1. “All loadings are applied at the joint”
- Weight of the members neglected
2. “The members are joined together by smooth pins”
- Assume connections provided the center lines of the
joining members are concurrent
6.1 Simple Trusses
Simple Truss
• Form of a truss must be rigid to prevent collapse
• The simplest form that is rigid or stable is a triangle
6.2 The Method of Joints
• For truss, we need to know the force in each members

• Forces in the members are internal forces
• For external force members, equations of equilibrium
can be applied
• Force system acting at each joint is coplanar and
concurrent
• ∑Fx = 0 and ∑Fy = 0 must be satisfied for equilibrium
6.2 The Method of Joints
Procedure for Analysis
• Draw the FBD with at least 1 known and 2 unknown
forces
• Find the external reactions at the truss support
• Determine the correct sense of the member
• Orient the x and y axes
• Apply ∑Fx = 0 and ∑Fy = 0
• Use known force to analyze the unknown forces

Example 6.1
Determine the force in each member of the truss and
indicate whether the members are in tension or
compression.
Solution
• 2 unknown member forces at joint B
• 1 unknown reaction force at joint C
• 2 unknown member forces and 2 unknown reaction
forces at point A
For Joint B,

)(500045cos
;0
)(1.707045sin500
;0
TNFFNF
F
CNFNFN
F
BABABC
y
BCBC
x

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