1. Homayouni.MD

2. Homayouni.MD

3.  Intra
abdominal
 Extra abdominal
Homayouni.MD

4.  Medical
 Surgical
Homayouni.MD

5. 


Is a condition with a rapidly worsening
prognosis in the absence of surgical
intervention.
The two syndromes that constitute most
urgent surgical referrals are obstruction and
peritonitis.
Only after the clinician is satisfied that the
abdominal presentation is not an acute
surgical emergency can consideration of
other diagnostic possibilities begin.
Homayouni.MD

6. 
Although lab tests are important they are not
sufficient to rule in or rule out the diagnosis
of surgical abdomen as
A Surgical Abdomen Is A Clinical Diagnosis

Many patients will not have a firm diagnosis
after initial assessment, and in these cases
careful observation of the patient’s course are
very important
Homayouni.MD

7.  Look
for red flags
 R/O Pregnancy
Homayouni.MD

8.  Severe
pain
 Signs of shock
 Signs of peritonitis
 Abdominal distention
Homayouni.MD

9.  Based
on clinical suspicion
 Urine pregnancy test
 Selected imaging tests
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10.  CBC
 Chemistries
 U/A
 Lipase
 Pregnancy
test
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11.  Abdominal
X-Ray series
 Up right chest X-Ray
 Sonography
 None contrast helical CT
Homayouni.MD

12.  Vertebral
column
 Thorax
 Genitalia
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13.  Uremia
 Diabetic
ketoacidosis
 Porphyria
 FMF
 Allergic Factors
(C’1estrase inhibitor deficiency)
Homayouni.MD

14.  Tabes
dorsalis
 Herpes zoster
 Causalgia
 Functional
Homayouni.MD

15.  Detailed
history is more valuable
than any laboratory or
roentgenological examination
Homayouni.MD

16.  The
chronological sequence of
events is often more important
than emphasis on the location of
pain
Homayouni.MD

17.  Signs
maybe virtually or actually
totally absent in pelvic peritonitis
Homayouni.MD

18.  Peritoneal
lavage is a safe and
effective diagnostic maneuver
Homayouni.MD

19.  Laparoscopy
is specially helpful in
diagnosing pelvic conditions
Homayouni.MD

20.  Analgesics
can be administered
judiciously without compromising
physical assessment of peritoneal
signs
Homayouni.MD

21.  Patients
with suspected surgical
abdomens must be transferred to
an acute care facility unit
Homayouni.MD

22.  Taking
Menstrual and
contraceptive history in women is
very important.
Homayouni.MD

23. A
particularly high level of
suspicion should be maintained
for severe pathology in
immunosuppressed and elderly
patients
Homayouni.MD