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                           SPIS TREŒCI
                                         Sposoby na
                                         sieci domowe
           KATALOG KSI¥¯EK               Autor: Kathy Ivens
                                         T³umaczenie: Micha³ Dadan
                      KATALOG ONLINE     ISBN: 83-7361-942-9
                                         Tytu³ orygina³u: Home Networking Annoyances
       ZAMÓW DRUKOWANY KATALOG           Format: 199×248, stron: 202


              TWÓJ KOSZYK                            Naucz siê rozwi¹zywaæ problemy z domow¹ sieci¹ komputerow¹
                                             • Odpowiednio po³¹cz komputery, u³ó¿ kable i zamontuj urz¹dzenia Wi-Fi
                    DODAJ DO KOSZYKA         • Skonfiguruj system operacyjny i oprogramowanie pod k¹tem pracy w sieci
                                             • Zabezpiecz sieæ przed wirusami i atakami hakerów

         CENNIK I INFORMACJE             Wbrew powszechnym opiniom instalacja sieci nie stanowi wiêkszego problemu.
                                         O wiele trudniejszym zadaniem jest jej w³aœciwe u¿ytkowanie oraz utrzymanie nale¿ytej
                                         sprawnoœci. Prawid³owe dzia³anie sieci zale¿y od ró¿nych czynników: sprzêtu,
                   ZAMÓW INFORMACJE      oprogramowania, a przede wszystkim od u¿ytkowników. Ka¿dy, kto mia³ do czynienia
                     O NOWOŒCIACH
                                         z sieci¹ komputerow¹, zna problemy z drukowaniem, brakiem dostêpu do niektórych
                                         zasobów, brakiem ³¹cznoœci z internetem itd. W wiêkszoœci przypadków rozwi¹zuje siê
                       ZAMÓW CENNIK      je doraŸnie — tylko po to, aby za kilka dni zrobiæ to samo. O wiele lepszym wyjœciem
                                         z tej sytuacji jest uporanie siê z problemem raz na zawsze; nale¿y jednak wiedzieæ,
                                         jak to zrobiæ.
                 CZYTELNIA               „Sposoby na sieci domowe” to poradnik dla wszystkich administratorów domowych
          FRAGMENTY KSI¥¯EK ONLINE       sieci komputerowych. Przydatne informacje z pewnoœci¹ znajd¹ tu tak¿e opiekunowie
                                         sieci biurowych. Ksi¹¿ka opisuje sposoby rozwi¹zywania problemów, jakie mog¹
                                         wyst¹piæ podczas korzystania z sieci komputerowej — zwi¹zanych zarówno z instalacj¹
                                         karty sieciowej, jak i dzia³aniem samej sieci. Dowiesz siê, jak umo¿liwiæ u¿ytkownikom
                                         korzystanie z Otoczenia sieciowego, drukowanie i wymianê plików. Nauczysz siê
                                         zabezpieczaæ sieæ przed wirusami i hakerami, rozwi¹¿esz problemy z dostêpem do
                                         internetu i tworzeniem kopii zapasowych danych kr¹¿¹cych w sieci.
                                             • Instalacja kart sieciowych i urz¹dzeñ
                                             • Konfiguracja sieci w systemie Windows
                                             • Zarz¹dzanie kontami u¿ytkowników
                                             • Rozwi¹zywanie problemów ze wspó³dzieleniem plików i drukowaniem
                                               na udostêpnionych drukarkach
Wydawnictwo Helion
                                             • Konfiguracja ³¹cza dostêpowego do internetu
ul. Chopina 6
                                             • Bezpieczeñstwo sieci — firewalle i programy antywirusowe
44-100 Gliwice
tel. (32)230-98-63                           • Tworzenie kopii zapasowych
e-mail: helion@helion.pl                 Jeœli chcesz, aby praca administratora nie doprowadzi³a Ciê do za³amania nerwowego,
                                         koniecznie przeczytaj tê ksi¹¿kê.
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Sposoby na sieci domowe

  • 1. IDZ DO PRZYK£ADOWY ROZDZIA£ SPIS TREŒCI Sposoby na sieci domowe KATALOG KSI¥¯EK Autor: Kathy Ivens T³umaczenie: Micha³ Dadan KATALOG ONLINE ISBN: 83-7361-942-9 Tytu³ orygina³u: Home Networking Annoyances ZAMÓW DRUKOWANY KATALOG Format: 199×248, stron: 202 TWÓJ KOSZYK Naucz siê rozwi¹zywaæ problemy z domow¹ sieci¹ komputerow¹ • Odpowiednio po³¹cz komputery, u³ó¿ kable i zamontuj urz¹dzenia Wi-Fi DODAJ DO KOSZYKA • Skonfiguruj system operacyjny i oprogramowanie pod k¹tem pracy w sieci • Zabezpiecz sieæ przed wirusami i atakami hakerów CENNIK I INFORMACJE Wbrew powszechnym opiniom instalacja sieci nie stanowi wiêkszego problemu. O wiele trudniejszym zadaniem jest jej w³aœciwe u¿ytkowanie oraz utrzymanie nale¿ytej sprawnoœci. Prawid³owe dzia³anie sieci zale¿y od ró¿nych czynników: sprzêtu, ZAMÓW INFORMACJE oprogramowania, a przede wszystkim od u¿ytkowników. Ka¿dy, kto mia³ do czynienia O NOWOŒCIACH z sieci¹ komputerow¹, zna problemy z drukowaniem, brakiem dostêpu do niektórych zasobów, brakiem ³¹cznoœci z internetem itd. W wiêkszoœci przypadków rozwi¹zuje siê ZAMÓW CENNIK je doraŸnie — tylko po to, aby za kilka dni zrobiæ to samo. O wiele lepszym wyjœciem z tej sytuacji jest uporanie siê z problemem raz na zawsze; nale¿y jednak wiedzieæ, jak to zrobiæ. CZYTELNIA „Sposoby na sieci domowe” to poradnik dla wszystkich administratorów domowych FRAGMENTY KSI¥¯EK ONLINE sieci komputerowych. Przydatne informacje z pewnoœci¹ znajd¹ tu tak¿e opiekunowie sieci biurowych. Ksi¹¿ka opisuje sposoby rozwi¹zywania problemów, jakie mog¹ wyst¹piæ podczas korzystania z sieci komputerowej — zwi¹zanych zarówno z instalacj¹ karty sieciowej, jak i dzia³aniem samej sieci. Dowiesz siê, jak umo¿liwiæ u¿ytkownikom korzystanie z Otoczenia sieciowego, drukowanie i wymianê plików. Nauczysz siê zabezpieczaæ sieæ przed wirusami i hakerami, rozwi¹¿esz problemy z dostêpem do internetu i tworzeniem kopii zapasowych danych kr¹¿¹cych w sieci. • Instalacja kart sieciowych i urz¹dzeñ • Konfiguracja sieci w systemie Windows • Zarz¹dzanie kontami u¿ytkowników • Rozwi¹zywanie problemów ze wspó³dzieleniem plików i drukowaniem na udostêpnionych drukarkach Wydawnictwo Helion • Konfiguracja ³¹cza dostêpowego do internetu ul. Chopina 6 • Bezpieczeñstwo sieci — firewalle i programy antywirusowe 44-100 Gliwice tel. (32)230-98-63 • Tworzenie kopii zapasowych e-mail: helion@helion.pl Jeœli chcesz, aby praca administratora nie doprowadzi³a Ciê do za³amania nerwowego, koniecznie przeczytaj tê ksi¹¿kê.
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  • 30. 'ODWHJR SURGXFHQFL GR :%8'2:$1$ .$57$ 6,(,2:$ P OQLH Z ÇF]DOL WH SRUW XPLHV]F]DMÇF MHGQLH Z]PLDQNL Z GRNXPHQWDFML H Z UD]LH SRWU]HE PR QD MH XDNWZQLÉ 0ROBLEM 0µM QRZ NRPSXWHU PD ZEXGRZDQÇ NDUWÛ VLH .WR MHGQDN F]WD LQVWUXNFMH SUDZGD FLRZÇ (WKHUQHW DOH MD PDP VLHÉ EH]SU]HZRGRZÇ L GODWHJR ]DLQVWDORZD HP DGDSWHU EH]SU]HZRGRZ 7HUD] Z 3DQHOX VWH =UHVHWXM NRPSXWHU L QDFL QLM NRPELQDFMÛ NODZLV] NWµUD SR URZDQLD PDP GZLH LNRQ UHSUH]HQWXMÇFH SR ÇF]HQLD VLHFLRZH ]ZROL L ZHM É GR VHWXSX 1D ND GP NRPSXWHU]H NRPELQDFMD WD MHVW LQQD L ]DOH RG SURGXFHQWD XN DGX %,26 : ND GP UD]LH SR Z ÇF]HQLX NRPSXWHUD QD HNUDQLH SRZLQLHQ SRMDZLÉ VLÛ QDSLV Z URG]DMX 3UHVV ; WR (QWHU 6HWXS RF]ZL FLH ]DPLDVW 52='=,$þ 352%/(0 635=Ú72:(
  • 31. RNKM ### +5+#,2(TFQE UVTQPC 2OZWIëZANIE 7D LNRQD Z QLF]P QLH SU]HV]NDG]D ZLÛF OLVWZÇ 2WZµU PXVL EÉ WONR WURFKÛ V]HUV] QL ZWF]ND ]QDM SR SURVWX MÇ ]LJQRUXM -H HOL REHFQR É GZµFK DNWZQFK NDUW GXMÇFD VLÛ QD NR FX NDEOD VLHFLRZHJR PD RQD RNR R VLHFLRZFK QDSUDZGÛ PRFQR LÛ GHQHUZXMH D 7ZµM VVWHP FP V]HURNR FL
  • 32. RSHUDFMQ WR :LQGRZV ;3 OXE PR HV] Z ÇF]É MHGQÇ .DEHO MHVW HODVWF]Q ZLÛF JG FKFÛ SU]HFLÇJQÇÉ JR PLÛG] ] QLFK .OLNQLM MÇ SUDZP SU]FLVNLHP PV] L ZELHU] ] PHQX VÇVLHGQLPL SRPLHV]F]HQLDPL SU]PRFRZXMÛ JR GR FLHQNLHJR SRGUÛF]QHJR SROHFHQLH : ÇF] :µZF]DV SRG LNRQÇ SRMDZL SDWF]ND Z WP FHOX ]DFKRZXMÛ SD HF]NL NWµUH RWU]PXMÛ GR VLÛ VPERO Z ÇF]HQLD G]LÛNL F]HPX QLH EÛG]LH L VLÛ MX SRVL NµZ Z ORNDOQHM FKL VNLHM UHVWDXUDFML
  • 33. 1DMOHSLHM SU]PR POL R ] NWµUHM NDUW NRU]VWDV] FRZDÉ JR WD PÇ NOHMÇFÇ ZµZF]DV NDEHO QLH RGNOHL VLÛ QD : VVWHPDFK :LQGRZV 6( L 0H WU]HED ZHM É GR 3DQHOX ZHW JG ]DKDF]V] SDWNLHP R FLDQÛ 7D PD L]RODFMQD MHVW VWHURZDQLD L NOLNQÇÉ DSOHW 6VWHP 1DVWÛSQLH WU]HED SU]HM É SUDZLH WDN VDPR GREUD 2 ZLHWO G]LXUÛ ODWDUNÇ HE Z GR ]DN DGNL 0HQHG HU XU]ÇG]H L XVXQÇÉ QLHZNRU]VWZDQÇ UD QLH ZLG]LD ZORW G]LXU D QDVWÛSQLH SU]HSFKQLM NDEHO QD NDUWÛ VLHFLRZÇ 1LHVWHW MH HOL MHVW WR XU]ÇG]HQLH WSX SOXJ GUXJÇ VWURQÛ DQG SOD FR R]QDF]D H :LQGRZV ZNUZD MHJR REHFQR É JG WONR ]RVWDQLH XUXFKRPLRQ
  • 34. VVWHP RSHUDFMQ EÛG]LH FLÇJOH SUµERZD MH ]DLQVWDORZDÉ 7DN MDN SLVD DP SR SURVWX WR ]LJQRUXM 1LH ]DNOHMDM WD PÇ ZWF]NL VLHFLRZHM 1LH FKFHV] SU]HFLH SREUXG]LÉ NOHMHP WHM F]Û FL NDEOD NWµUD MHVW QDMZD QLHMV]D 352:$'=(1,( .$%/, 0,Ú'= 320,(6==(1,$0, 352:$'=(1,( .$%/, 2''$/210, 2' 6,(%,( 0,Ú'= 6Æ6,('1,0, 320,(6==(1,$0, 0ROBLEM 2EHFQLH QDV]D VLHÉ VN DGD VLÛ ] URXWHUD L GZµFK 0ROBLEM : SRNRMX PDP GZD NRPSXWHU 6Ç RQH SRG NRPSXWHUµZ ]QDMGXMÇFFK VLÛ Z GZµFK SU]OHJDMÇFFK GR ÇF]RQH GR URXWHUD NWµU ]QDMGXMH VLÛ PLÛG] QLPL 0RMD RQD VLHELH SRNRMDFK 2ED NRPSXWHU VÇ SR ÇF]RQH NDEODPL ] UR FKFH SRG ÇF]É GR VLHFL MHV]F]H MHGHQ NRPSXWHU L XPLH FLÉ JR XWHUHP PXVLD HP ZZLHUFLÉ G]LXUÛ Z FLDQLH G]LHOÇFHM SR Z VSLDOQL NWµUD SU]OHJD GR SRNRMX -DN WR ]URELÉ NRMH
  • 35. KFLD EP GRGDÉ GR VLHFL MHV]F]H MHGHQ NRPSXWHU NWµU EÛG]LH VWD Z VSLDOQL QD NR FX NRUWDU]D 0LÛG] SRNRMDPL 2OZWIëZANIE 1DMSLHUZ SRGDP L QDMSURVWV] VSRVµE Z NWµUFK REHFQLH ]QDMGXMÇ VLÛ NRPSXWHU D VSLDOQLÇ MHVW D SRWHP QDMOHSV] 1DM DWZLHM MHVW SU]HFLÇJQÇÉ NDEHO Z]G X MHV]F]H D]LHQND L XELNDFMD 5RXWHU NWµU ÇF] NRPSXWHU ]H FLDQ SR SRG RG]H GR IXWUQ D QDVWÛSQLH SRG GU]ZLDPL R LOH VREÇ ]QDMGXMH VLÛ Z SRNRMX NWµU MHVW EOL HM VSLDOQL 0 OÛ VÇ WDP GU]ZL
  • 36. GR GUXJLHJR SRNRMX 7R UR]ZLÇ]DQLH QLH ZPD H Z WHM VWXDFML QDMSURVWV]P UR]ZLÇ]DQLHP ZPDJDMÇFP JD X FLD DGQFK QDU]ÛG]L QDMPQLHM NDEOD EÛG]LH SU]HZLHUFHQLH VLÛ SR NROHL SU]H] ZV]VW 1DWRPLDVW QDMOHSLHM E RE SU]HZLHUFLÉ RWZµU Z FLDQLH PLÛ NLH SRPLHV]F]HQLD L SRFLÇJQLÛFLH NDEOD Z]G X JµUQHM NUDZÛG]L G] SRNRMDPL L SU]HFLÇJQÇÉ SU]H] QLHJR NDEHO 7D PHWRGD QLH FLDQ Z D]LHQFH L XELNDFML 7OH WONR H WR D V]H É RWZR ZPDJD FLÇJQLÛFLD GX HM LOR FL NDEOD D SR]D WP RWZRU UµZ :NRQDQLH LFK ]DMPLH PL VSRUR F]DVX PQLHM U]XFDMÇ VLÛ Z RF] L VÇ EDUG]LHM HVWHWF]QH QL NDEOH ELHJQÇFH SR SRG RG]H :ZLHUÉ RWZµU Z MDNLP EH]SLHF]QP 0R QD WH XFLÇÉ ZWF]NÛ ZZLHUFLÉ R SR RZÛ PQLHMV] RWZµU PLHMVFX -D ]D]ZF]DM ZELHUDP UµJ SRNRMX L ZLHUFÛ WX QDG SU]HFLÇJQÇÉ VDP NDEHO D QDVWÛSQLH ]D R É QRZÇ
  • 37. ZWF]NÛ ]D SRPRFÇ WDN ]ZDQHM ]DFLVNDUNL SU]S W XP 352%/(0 = 2635=Ú7(0 6,(, (7+(51(7
  • 38. RNKM ### +5+#,2(TFQE UVTQPC 2OZWIëZANIE -H HOL Z D]LHQFH VÇ NDIHONL WR IDNWF] QLH VSUDZD MHVW QLH DWZD :LHUFHQLH Z QLFK ZPDJD VSH FMDOQFK QDU]ÛG]L L GR ZLDGF]HQLD 1DZHW JG PD VLÛ RG SRZLHGQL VSU]ÛW EDUG]R DWZR MHVW XNUXV]É NDIHONL GR WHJR VWRSQLD H RGSDGQÇ RG FLDQ =D QLPL SRVSLÇ VLÛ NROHMQH L EÛG]LHV] PXVLD ZR DÉ JOD]XUQLND HE UDWRZD VWXDFMÛ 'ODWHJR QDMOHSLHM MHVW SX FLÉ NDEHO JµUÇ OXE GR HP ZNRU] 5VXQHN *G SU]HSURZDG]DV] NDEOH PLÛG] SLÛWUDPL VWXMÇF ZROQÇ SU]HVWU]H QDG VXILWHP OXE SRG SRG RJÇ -H HOL JUDZLWDFMD MHVW 7ZRLP SU]MDFLHOHP 7ZRMH NRPSXWHU ]QDMGXMÇ VLÛ QD SLÛWU]H SU]HSURZDG NDEOH SU]H] VWUFK OXE WXQHO WHFKQLF]Q Z ]DOH QR FL RG NRQVWUXN FML 7ZRMHJR GRPX
  • 39. -H HOL QDWRPLDVW ]QDMGXMÇ VLÛ RQH QD SDU 352:$'=(1,( .$%/, 0,Ú'= 3,Ú75$0, WHU]H SX É NDEHO Z]G X VXILWX SLZQLF OXE SU]H] WXQHO WHFK 0ROBLEM : MDNL VSRVµE SU] ÇF]É GR VLHFL NRPSXWHU QLF]Q SRG SDUWHUHP ]QDMGXMÇF VLÛ QD LQQP SLÛWU]H QL SR]RVWD H NRPSXWHU $E GRVWDÉ VLÛ ] NDEOHP QD VWUFK OXE GR WXQHOX WHFKQLF]QHJR 2OZWIëZANIE 3X É NDEHO Z FLDQLH WDN VDPR MDN PRQ ZNRQDM QDMSLHUZ SR]LRP RWZµU Z FLDQLH SRNRMX Z NWµ WHU] NWµU] N DGOL 7ZRMÇ LQVWDODFMÛ HOHNWUF]QÇ : FLDQDFK UP ]QDMGXMH VLÛ URXWHU :LHUÉ MDN QDMEOL HM VXILWX 1DVWÛSQLH MHVW GR É PLHMVFD QD NDEHO QDZHW MH OL ]QDMGXMH VLÛ Z QLFK ZHMG QD VWUFK L ZNRQDM RGZLHUW GR GR X PXVLV] SU]HELÉ L]RODFMD *G GRVWDQLHV] VLÛ MX WÇ GURJÇ QD RGSRZLHGQLH SLÛWUR VLÛ SRG NÇWHP SURVWP GR SLHUZV]HJR RGZLHUWX 7R VDPR ]UµE SRSURZDG NDEHO Z ERN DE GRWU]HÉ GR Z D FLZHJR SRNRMX Z SRNRMX Z NWµUP ]QDMG]LH VLÛ QRZ NRPSXWHU 1DVWÛSQLH QDZLHUÉ RWZRU Z SREOL X QDUR QLNµZ SRNRMµZ *G EÛG]LHV] MX JRWµZ HE SR R É NDEHO VWDUDM VLÛ SU]H -H HOL Z SRNRMDFK ]QDMGXMÇ VLÛ NDORUIHU OXE UXU FLHS RZQL SFKDÉ JR Z Gµ WDN DE SRPDJD D L VL D JUDZLWDFML :HMG F]H VSUDZG ]DQLP ]DF]QLHV] ZLHUFLÉ F] Z PLHMVFX Z NWµ QD VWUFK OXE GR WXQHOX WHFKQLF]QHJR L VSX É MHGHQ NRQLHF UP VÇ RQH SU]PRFRZDQH GR FLDQ QLH PD DGQFK RWZR NDEOD SR FLDQLH SRNRMX ] URXWHUHP 1DVWÛSQLH SU]HMG GR UµZ SU]H] NWµUH PR QD E SU]HSURZDG]LÉ NDEOH RWZRUX NWµU ZZLHUFL H QDG QRZP NRPSXWHUHP L SU]H 3UDFXM ] JµU QD Gµ DE ZNRU]VWDÉ VL Û JUDZLWDFML =D SFKQLM SU]H] QLHJR GUXJL NRQLHF NDEOD 3RPµ VRELH ZJLÛWP PRFXM QD NR FX PRFQHM QLWNL OXE V]QXUND FLÛ DUHN L VSX É JR NDZD NLHP FLHQNLHJR GUXWX QD QL V]H SLÛWUR 1DVWÛSQLH SU]PRFXM GR QLHJR NDEHO WD PÇ L ZFLÇJQLM JR QD JµUÛ $E SRSURZDG]LÉ NDEHO SU]H] SLZQLFÛ OXE WXQHO WHFKQLF]Q SRG SRG RJÇ ZSX É NDEHO GR SLZQLF ] SRNRMX ] URXWHUHP -H HOL Z EXGQNX PLÛG] SLÛWUDPL ELHJQÇ RWZRU ZHQWODFM D QDVWÛSQLH SU]HFLÇJQLM GUXJL NRQLHF NDEOD GR RWZRUX SUR QH NOLPDW]DFMQH OXE FLHS RZQLF]H ZNRU]VWDM MH 3DPLÛ ZDG]ÇFHJR GR SRNRMX ] QRZP NRPSXWHUHP :HMG QD JµUÛ WDM MHGQDN H Z NUDMX Z NWµUP PLHV]NDV] SUDZR EXGRZ L VSX É SU]H] RWZµU PD FLÛ DUHN ]DZLHV]RQ QD JUXEHM QLFL ODQH PR H WHJR ]DEUDQLDÉ 0QLH SR]ZRORQR ]DVWRVRZDÉ WHQ SR F]P ZUµÉ QD Gµ L SU]ZLÇ NDEHO GR QLFL :HMG MHV]F]H SURVW VSRVµE ] ]DVWU]H HQLHP DE NDEOH E HNUDQRZDQH UD] QD JµUÛ ZFLÇJQLM NDEHO L SRG ÇF] JR GR NRPSXWHUD SDWU] UVXQHN
  • 40. 3RGF]DV ZLHUFHQLD RWZRUµZ QLJG QLH SU]HELMDM VLÛ GR VVWHPX ZHQWODFMQHJR :ROQR L ZNRU]VWDÉ MHGQLH LVWQLHMÇFH ZHM FLD L ZM FLD F]OL SU]HVWU]H QLH ]QDMGXMÇFH VLÛ QDG NUDWNDPL ZHQWODFMQPL ]DPRQWRZDQPL QD VXILWDFK 52='=,$þ 352%/(0 635=Ú72:(
  • 41. RNKM ### +5+#,2(TFQE UVTQPC 1$=: .$%/, 6,(,2:+ .DEOH (WKHUQHW PDMÇ EDUG]R ZLHOH QD]Z *G Z 1D UQNX PR QD GRVWDÉ HNUDQRZDQ NDEHO VLHFLRZ ELHU]HV] VLÛ QD ]DNXS OXE SRSURVLV] NRJR R UDGÛ 5R]HMU]M VLÛ ]D R]QDF]HQLHP 673 EÛGÇFP DNURQL PR HV] QDWNQÇÉ VLÛ QD QDVWÛSXMÇFH RNUH OHQLD PHP ZUD HQLD VKLHOGHG WZLVWHG SDLU F]OL VNUÛW .DEHO NDWHJRULL OXE NDEHO DW .DEOH ND HNUDQRZDQD NDEHO QLHHNUDQRZDQ QRVL R]QD (WKHUQHW ]RVWD SRG]LHORQH QD NDWHJRULH F]HQLH 873
  • 42. : NDEOX 673 ]QDMGXMH VLÛ PHWDORZ RG GR ] NWµUFK ND GD PD LQQH HNUDQ RJUDQLF]DMÇF LQWHUIHUHQFMH Z D FLZR FL WHFKQLF]QH 1DMF]Û FLHM GR VLHFL NRPSXWHURZFK ZELHUD VLÛ NDEOH NDWHJRULL .DEHO NDWHJRULL H OXE NDEHO DWH -HVW WR ,17(5)(5(1-$ 6*1$þ•: RGPLDQD NDEOD NDWHJRULL NWµUD SR]ZDOD 0ROBLEM KFÛ SRSURZDG]LÉ NDEHO SU]H] FLDQ L SU]H REV X É WUDQVPLVMH R SUÛGNR FLDFK VWU]H PLÛG] SLÛWUDPL DOH Z WFK PLHMVFDFK ELHJQÇ SU]H LGÇFFK Z JLJDEDMW ZRG HOHNWUF]QH NDEOH J R QLNRZH L OLQLH WHOHIRQLF]QH %RMÛ 6NUÛWND 1D]ZD WD Z]LÛ D VLÛ RG VSRVREX Z MDNL Z NDEOX (WKHUQHW X R RQH VÇ SU]H VLÛ H GDQH SU]HV DQH Z NDEOX VLHFLRZP EÛGÇ ]DN µFDQH ZRG 6Ç RQH Z]DMHPQLH SRSU]HSODWDQH SU]H] WDPWH SU]HZRG OXE H WR NDEHO VLHFLRZ EÛG]LH ]DN µ G]LÛNL F]HPX UHGXNXMH VLÛ SUREOHP RGELÉ FD SUDFÛ XU]ÇG]H SRG ÇF]RQFK GR SU]HZRGµZ ] PDV] VJQD X L LQWHUIHUHQFML MDNLH ZVND]µZNL .DEHO %DVH7 OXE %DVH7 /LF]E WH RNUH ODMÇ PDNVPDOQÇ SUÛGNR É WUDQV 2OZWIëZANIE -HGQ SUREOHP PRJÇ WX VWDQRZLÉ ]D PLVML ZUD RQÇ Z PHJDELWDFK QD VHNXQGÛ N µFHQLD SRZRGRZDQH SU]H] SUÇG S QÇF Z SU]HZRGDFK HOHN 0EV
  • 43. .DEOH %DVH7 QD]ZDP V]E WUF]QFK 3R]RVWD PL VSUDZDPL VLÛ QLH SU]HMPXM 0R H SR]D NLP (WKHUQHWHP 7 WR NRG G]LÛNL NWµUH IOXRUHVFHQFMQPL UµG DPL ZLDW D NWµUH ] FD Ç SHZQR FLÇ PX ZLHP H SU]HZRG ]DVWRVRZDQH EÛGÇ ]DN µFDÉ WUDQVPLVMÛ GDQFK 'ODWHJR ]DFKRZDM PLÛG] ZHZQÇWU] NDEOD ]RVWD ZNRQDQH ] PLHG]L WDPWPL SU]HZRGDPL D NDEODPL VLHFLRZPL RGOHJ R É NLONX *GE E WR NDEHO ZLDW RZRGRZ PLD E Z QD]ZLH ) QS %DVH)
  • 44. %DVH SR G]LHVLÛFLX FHQWPHWUµZ $E XQLNQÇÉ ]DN µFH ]H VWURQ SU]H FKRG]L RG DQJLHOVNLHJR EDVHEDQG F]OL ZRGµZ HOHNWUF]QFK SRSURZDG NDEHO VLHFLRZ SURVWRSDGOH SDVPR SRGVWDZRZH 7DNLH R]QDF]HQLH GR QLFK 3DPLÛWDM QDWRPLDVW H QLH SRZLQQ RQH ELHF UµZ PµZL H NDEHO V X GR SU]HV DQLD Z Ç QROHJOH RERN VLHELH F]QLH VJQD µZ VLHFLRZFK = NROHL NDEOH V]HURNRSDVPRZH SR]ZDODMÇ SU]HND]ZDÉ MHGQRF]H QLH ZLHOH URG]DMµZ VJQD µZ 352:$'=(1,( .$%/, 32 32'þ2'=( 0RJÇ RQH QD SU]N DG WUDQVPLWRZDÉ VJ QD HOHNWUF]QH UR]PRZ WHOHIRQLF]QH 0ROBLEM :QDMPXMHP GRP L QLH PR HP URELÉ G]LXU L SURJUDP WHOHZL]ML NDEORZHM ] SR]D WP H NDEOH ELHJQÇFH SR SRG RG]H ZJOÇGDMÇ EU]G .DEHO JLJDELWRZ 7HJR URG]DMX NDEHO NR LVWQLHMÇ MHV]F]H MDNLH LQQH SRZRG GOD NWµUFK QLH SR SR]ZDOD QD SU]HV DQLH GDQFK Z VLHFLDFK ZLQQL P SURZDG]LÉ LFK Z WHQ VSRVµE (WKHUQHW ] SUÛGNR FLDPL PLHU]RQPL Z JLJDELWDFK QD VHNXQGÛ *EV
  • 45. 0µZLP WX 2OZWIëZANIE = FD Ç SHZQR FLÇ PR QD SURZDG]LÉ NDEOH R PLOLDUGDFK ELWµZ QLH R PLOLRQDFK $E VLHFLRZH SR SRNRMDFK EH] ZLHUFHQLD FLDQ L ZFDOH QLH PXVL WR PµJ ZNRU]VWZDÉ WDNLH NDEOH 7ZµM ZJOÇGDÉ EU]GNR :LHOH ILUP RIHUXMH HOHPHQW GHNRUDFMQH SU]H ÇF]QLN DQJ VZLWFK
  • 46. L NDUW VLHFLRZH NWµUD SR]ZROÇ L XNUÉ NDEHO 6]XNDM SODVWNRZFK UXUHN NWµ UµZQLH PXV]Ç REV XJLZDÉ VWDQGDUG JLJDELWRZHJR (WKHUQHWX UH PR QD SU]PRFRZDÉ GR FLDQ OXE OLVWZ ZNR F]HQLRZHM 352%/(0 = 2635=Ú7(0 6,(, (7+(51(7
  • 47. RNKM ### +5+#,2(TFQE UVTQPC G]LÛNL WHPX H VÇ RQH QDVÇF]RQH NOHMHP ZVWDUF] RGH *1,$='$ ,(11( UZDÉ SDVHN ]DEH]SLHF]DMÇF
  • 48. 6Ç RQH Sµ RNUÇJ H DOH RG IURQ WX ZJOÇGDMÇ QD QLHPDO ]XSH QLH S DVNLH ,FK SU]HGQLÇ F]Û É 0ROBLEM : SUDF PµM NRPSXWHU SRG ÇF]RQ MHVW EH] GD VLÛ SRGQLH É GR JµU XPLH FLÉ Z UXUFH NDEHO SR F]P SR UHGQLR GR JQLD]GND Z FLDQLH G]LÛNL F]HPX ]H FLDQ QLH RSX FLÉ IURQW ] SRZURWHP ]DWU]DVNXMÇF JR Z SLHUZRWQHM SR ZFKRG]Ç JR H SU]HZRG ] Z GRPX PRJÛ ]URELÉ WR VDPR ]FML 5XUNL WH RIHURZDQH VÇ Z ZLHOX NRORUDFK DOH PR QD MH 2OZWIëZANIE 2F]ZL FLH SR SURVWX NXS L ]DLQVWDOXM WH VDPRG]LHOQLH PDORZDÉ 7HJR URG]DMX SRPRFQH GRGDWNL JQLD]GR 5- L SODVWNRZÇ QDN DGNÛ 3UDZGRSRGREQLH QLH ]QDMG]LHV] Z ND GP ZLÛNV]P VNOHSLH GOD PDMVWHUNRZLF]µZ EÛG]LH WR NRV]WRZD R ZLÛFHM QL ] 3U]HSFKQLM NDEHO SU]H] G]LXUÛ Z FLDQLH D QDVWÛSQLH XVX ] MHJR NR FD RNR R FP L]RODFML X M QDU]ÛG]LD GR FLÇJDQLD NRV]XOHN
  • 49. -H HOL QD 352:$'=(1,( .$%/$ NR FX NDEOD ]QDMGXMH VLÛ ZWF]ND SR SURVWX MÇ XWQLM 1DVWÛS 2' ,$1 '2 .20387(5$ QLH ZSURZDG SRV]F]HJµOQH SU]HZRG GR JQLD]GD PLHMVFD 0ROBLEM 3RSURZDG]LOL P FD NDEHO SU]H] FLDQ L SRG Z NWµUH WU]HED ZSURZDG]LÉ SU]HZRG VÇ ZUD QLH R]QDF]R FLÇJQÛOL P JR GR NRPSXWHUD -HGQDN RVWDWQL RGFLQHN NDEOD QH
  • 50. L GRSFKQLM MH GR NR FD HE PLHÉ SHZQR É H EÛGÇ PRF ELHJQÇF SR SRG RG]H RG FLDQ GR SHFHWD ZJOÇGD EDUG]R QR SU]WZLHUG]RQH 3U]PRFXM JQLD]GR GR FLDQ D QDVWÛSQLH QLHHVWHWF]QLH 3R]D WP MHVW QLHEH]SLHF]Q SRQLHZD FLÇJOH QD µ QD QLH SODVWNRZÇ QDN DGNÛ SDWU] UVXQHN
  • 51. 3RG NWR VLÛ R QLHJR SRWND ÇF] NDEHO ELHJQÇF RG NRPSXWHUD GR JQLD]GND : WHQ VSRVµE SR ÇF]V] JR ] NDEOHP ELHJQÇFP SU]H] FLDQÛ 2OZWIëZANIE -H HOL QLH PR HV] SRVWDZLÉ NRPSXWHUD Z PLHMVFX Z NWµUP ]H FLDQ ZFKRG]L NDEHO PR HV] SRG QLH É HVWHWNÛ SRPLHV]F]HQLD L ]PQLHMV]É ]DJUR HQLH SRSU]H] SU]NUFLH NDEOD 'R ]DNUZDQLD NDEOL ELHJQÇFFK SR SRG RG]H V X Ç VSHFMDOQH QDN DGNL GRVWÛSQH Z GZµFK ZHUVMDFK ” 1DN DGNL XPLHV]F]DQH QD NDEODFK 6Ç FLÛ NLH ZLÛF WUXG QR MHVW MH SU]HVXQÇÉ D LFK NUDZÛG]LH DJRGQLH RSDGDMÇ Z NLHUXQNX SRG RJL G]LÛNL F]HPX QLH PR QD VLÛ R QLH 5VXQHN 2VWDWQL RGFLQHN NDEOD EÛG]LH ZJOÇGD SRWNQÇÉ SURIHVMRQDOQLH MH OL ]DLQVWDOXMHV] HOHJDQFNLH JQLD]GNR FLHQQH ” 5XUNL QD NDEOH 3U]PRFRZXMH VLÛ MH GR SRG RJL ]D SR PRFÇ GZXVWURQQHM WD P NOHMÇFHM 0R HV] WH NXSLÉ JQLD]GND ZLHORJQLD]GRZH NWµ UH SU]GDG]Ç L VLÛ Z SRNRMX Z NWµUP WU]PDV] NRQFHQWUDWRU SU]H ÇF]QLN OXE URXWHU :µZF]DV 1LH SURZDG JR HJR NDEOD SRG GZDQHP -HJR ZV]VWNLH NDEOH ZFKRG]ÇFH ] WHJR XU]ÇG]HQLD VSRGQLD VWURQD PR H SRFLHUDÉ R NDEHO L RV DELDÉ SRG ÇF]V] GR MHGQHJR JQLD]GND MHJR L]RODFMÛ D QDZHW GRSURZDG]LÉ GR MHM SU]HUZD QLD 'ODWHJR QDMSLHUZ XPLH É NDEHO Z UXUFH D GR SLHUR SRWHP QDNUM ZV]VWNR GZDQHP '2'$:$1,( .21(175$725$ 0ROBLEM 1D SDUWHU]H QDV]HJR GRPX PDP GZD NRPSX WHU SRG ÇF]RQH GR URXWHUD KFHP ]DLQVWDORZDÉ GZD NR OHMQH NRPSXWHU DOH QD SLHUZV]P SLÛWU]H :EUDOL P GOD 52='=,$þ 352%/(0 635=Ú72:(
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  • 57. NRPSXWHUµZ ]DXZD V] Uµ QLFÛ 1LH VÇG]Û ZLÛF OHSLHM QLH NDEOL PLÛG] SRPLHV]F]HQLDPL RGGDORQPL RG VLHELH NXS NRQFHQWUDWRU =DRV]F]ÛG]LV] :%•5 0,Ú'= .21(175$725(0 0,(6=$1,( 5• 1+ 35Ú'.2 , $ 35=(þÆ=1,.,(0 35=(6þ8 '$1+ 0ROBLEM KFHP SRZLÛNV]É QDV]Ç VLHÉ L EÛGÇ WR SUDZ 0ROBLEM 1DV]D GRWFKF]DVRZD VLHÉ VN DGD D VLÛ ] GZµFK GRSRGREQLH GZD VNXSLVND NRPSXWHUµZ 'ZD VWDUH NRP NRPSXWHUµZ SRG ÇF]RQFK GR URXWHUD 3RVWDQRZLOL P GR SXWHU VÇ SRG ÇF]RQH GR URXWHUD 7U] QRZH NWµUH ]DLQVWD R É GZD NROHMQH NRPSXWHU L ]DPLHU]DP SR ÇF]É MH ] UR OXMHP SR SU]HFLZQHM VWURQLH GRPX EÛGÇ ]H VREÇ SR ÇF]RQH XWHUHP ]D SR UHGQLFWZHP NRQFHQWUDWRUD 1RZH NRPSXWHU ]D SR UHGQLFWZHP NRQFHQWUDWRUD 7HQ QDWRPLDVW EÛG]LH SRG PDMÇ ZEXGRZDQH NDUW VLHFLRZH NWµUH REV XJXMÇ SUÛGNR É .21(175$725 35=(þÆ=1,. $ 2 72 =$ 5• 1,$ *G NRPSXWHU ZPLHQLDMÇ PLÛG] VREÇ GDQH ND G SXWHU GRFHORZ 'ODWHJR ZV D ND G SDNLHW WONR SDNLHW GDQFK SR]D Z D FLZPL LQIRUPDFMDPL ]DZLH L Z ÇF]QLH GR ]DPLHU]RQHJR RGELRUF ZNRU]VWXMÇF UD WH DGUHV NRPSXWHUD GR NWµUHJR VÇ RQH VNLHURZDQH GR WHJR FD Ç VZÇ SU]HSXVWRZR É .RQFHQWUDWRU LJQRUXMH WHQ DGUHV L SU]HND]XMH NRSLH GD 0µZLP WX R SUÛGNR FLDFK PLHU]RQFK Z PLOLRQDFK QHJR SDNLHWX GR ZV]VWNLFK NRPSXWHUµZ NWµUH VÇ GR ELWµZ QD VHNXQGÛ *G NRQFHQWUDWRU PXVL SRG]LHOLÉ QLHJR SRG ÇF]RQH 7DN ZLÛF UHDOQD SU]HSXVWRZR É NRQ GRVWÛSQH SDVPR PLÛG] NLOND NRPSXWHUµZ SUÛGNR É FHQWUDWRUD OLF]ED ELWµZ QD VHNXQGÛ MDNÇ NRQFHQWUDWRU WUDQVPLVML VSDGD GR VHWHN WVLÛF ELWµZ QD VHNXQGÛ MHVW Z VWDQLH SU]HV DÉ
  • 58. MHVW PQLHMV]D QL GHNODUXMH SUR ] PD WR GOD LHELH LVWRWQH ]QDF]HQLH -H OL WDN NXS GXFHQW -H HOL SRG ÇF]V] GR QLHJR Q NRPSXWHUµZ WR OHSLHM SU]H ÇF]QLN EÛG]LH RQD Q UD] PQLHMV]D ER NRQFHQWUDWRU EÛG]LH 3U]HGVWDZLRQ SU]H]H PQLH RSLV G]LD DQLD NRQFHQWUDWR PXVLD ZV DÉ WH VDPH GDQH Z Uµ QFK NLHUXQNDFK UµZ L SU]H ÇF]QLNµZ MHVW EDUG]R XSURV]F]RQ DOH P OÛ $GUHV RGELRUF ]DZDUWH Z SDNLHWDFK EÛGÇ DQDOL]R H SR]ZROL L ]RULHQWRZDÉ VLÛ R FR FKRG]L 3DPLÛWDM ZDQH GRSLHUR SU]H] NRPSXWHU SRGSLÛWH GR VLHFL .D G H SLV]Û WX R SURVWFK SU]H ÇF]QLNDFK 'OD GX FK VLH SDNLHW ]RVWDQLH ]DDNFHSWRZDQ WONR SU]H] WHQ NRP FL GRVWÛSQH VÇ EDUG]LHM ]DDZDQVRZDQH ZHUVMH WFK SXWHU GR NWµUHJR ]RVWD VNLHURZDQ SR]RVWD H NRP XU]ÇG]H R ZLÛNV]FK PR OLZR FLDFK SXWHU JR ]LJQRUXMÇ
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