Soybean discussion on establishment, weed control and special inputs.

1. 2013 Soybean
Production Update
Greg Endres, Extension area agronomist
NDSU Carrington Research Extension Center
gregory.endres@ndsu.edu 701-652-2951

3. •Plant establishment
•Weed management
•Special inputs

4. NDSU Research Summary of Soybean Plant Establishment Factors (August,
2012)
Factor A Yield > B NDSU trial
(%) site-years
Tillage system Reduced till 9 conventional till 17
Previous crop wheat 7 soybean 6
Seed
inoculation
with soybean yes pending no ?
history
Seed fungicide yes 11 no 18
Planting date < early May pending mid May 2
Planting rate
(pls/A) 150-175,000 5 100-130,000 18
Row spacing 14-21 5 28-30 19
(inch)
P at planting broadcast 4 band (away from 2
time seed)
Timing of Weed PRE 3 early POST 2
Removal

5. Soybean Establishment, CREC, 2011-
12
• 2 tillage systems
– conventional and direct seed (‘no-till’)
• 2 planting dates
– 2011: May 5 & 19; 2012: April 30 & May 15
• 4 (planting time) fertilizer treatments
– 6-24-6 applied on med P (8/9 ppm) and high K
(216/178 ppm) soil
– untreated check, broadcast, 2x0-inch band, and
mid-row band
• POST Headline fungicide (2 of 4 reps)
Funded by ND Soybean Council

8. Soybean Establishment Study Carrington, 2011-12:
SEED YIELD WITH TILLAGE SYSTEMS
60
52.5 51.8
50
43.4
40.8
40
*
30 conventional
direct seed
20
10
0
2011 2012

9. Soybean Establishment Studies, CREC, 2012:
SEED YIELD WITH PLANTING DATES
53.7
50.6
50 *
40 37.6
* 30.3
30 27.9
early
*
normal
19.5
20
10
0
Carrington New Rockford Wishek
Apr 30/May 15 May 2/17 Apr 24/May 16

10. Soybean Establishment Study, CREC, 2011-
12:
SEED YIELD WITH STARTER FERTILIZER.
60
51.8 51.7 52.5 52.5
50
43.9
42.0 41.9
40.4
40
check
30 broadcast
2x0 band
20 mid-row band
10
0
2011 2012
P = med and K = high. 6-24-6 applied as band at planting or broadcast PRE.

11. Soybean Timing of Weed Removal, 2012
Carrington (June 13)
Langdon (Aug 20)

12. Soybean yield with timing of weed removal,
Carrington and Langdon, 2012.
LSD (0.05): 7.0 LSD (0.05): 6.6
60
50 47.1
45.5
47.5 47.8 46.4
42.6
39.3
40 check
at planting
Bu/A
30 25.1 ePOST
mPOST
20
12.5 13.7 lPOST
10
0
Carrington Langdon

13. Soybean yield loss from weeds
Timing of initial weed control Soybean yield
Weed height Soybean stage bu/A
At planting (soil application) 48.0
VC-V2
(unifoliate to 1st
2 to 4 inches trifoliate) 46.9
V2-V4
(2nd to 4th
6 to 8 inches trifoliate) 45.2
V4-R2
(4th trifoliate to
> 10 inches full flower) 37.7
Untreated check 19.3
NDSU: 4 site-years (2011-12).

14. NDSU Research Summary of Soybean Plant Establishment Factors (Nov 2012)
Factor A Yield > B NDSU trial
(%) site-years
^Tillage system Reduced till 8 conventional till 18*
Previous crop wheat 7 soybean 6
Seed
inoculation
with soybean yes pending no ?
history
Seed fungicide yes 10 no 19*
^Planting date < early May 13 mid May 4*
Planting rate
(pls/A) 150-175,000 5 100-130,000 20*
Row spacing 14-21 5 28-30 19
(inch)
^P at planting broadcast 0 band (away from 4*
time seed)
^Timing of At planting 2 early POST 4*
Weed Removal

16. Options of soil-applied herbicides, with residual
control, for glyphosate-resistant kochia in soybean
• Sulfentrazone
–e.g. Authority MTZ, Broadaxe,
Spartan Charge
• Valor
• Sharpen, Verdict (+ Zidua)

17. POST herbicide options for glyphosate-
resistant kochia control in soybean
• Flexstar*
• NDSU micro-rate*
• Liberty*
*use restrictions

18. What can we do to
profitably increase
soybean seed yield in
addition to using best
management practices?

19. Soybean response to special inputs 1 ,
Carrington, 2005-12
FERTILIZER PESTICIDES GROWTH PROMOTERS
farmer fertilizer blend  Headline (+ Fastac) Ratchet
Quickroots; Liquid sufl/  Stratego Pro/YLD Soil Builder; Ag blend
(+
can/soy mix Leverage) Bin Buster XP; KQ-XRN
6-0-0-9 (Zn)  Priaxor (+ Fastac) X-tra Power; Sugar Mover
9.5-0-0-5-10 (Zn)  Quilt Xcel (+ Warrior T)  MegaGro; HappyGro
Max-In; Max-In MnNF;  Winfield Leverage)
Evito (+  SeedProd; CropProd
Solutions experimentals Cobra
  BTN+; T1
UAN  Makaze Yield Pro (GP)  BioForge; Golden Harvest
CoRon; zinc Plus GA
Micro500; Sure-K  NBS
EB mix  N-Hibit; ProAct
Sugar  Foliar Blend
MicroMix
Moly
Yellow = foliar products used in 2012. RR soybean: 2005-06=RG200RR, 2007=NT-0090, 2008-12=DSR0401.
1
Study partially funded by private industry

20. Special foliar inputs for soybean, Carrington, 2012.
(irrigated; 18 trts vs untreated checks; 4 reps)
 Soil
 adequate nutrient levels (med or higher) except Cl (VL) and Na (low)
 7.7 pH; 3.6% organic matter; low soluble salts and VL carbonates
 Application timing
 V2 and/or R1-3 soybean stages
1. Fertilizers
2. Fungicides no yield increase with any treatment
3. Growth promoters
 Yield of untreated check = 56.6 bu/acre

21. Soybean performance with special inputs,
Carrington, 2005-12.
Response vs. untreated
check 1
Yield of
Number of untreated Seed Test
Year Environment treatments check yield weight Protein
bu/A bu/A lb/bu %
2005 16 36.7 *
2006 dryland 21 26.2
2007 15 58.0
2008 16 47.3
NS
2009 15 51.2 NS NS
irrigated
2010 19 51.6
2011 19 42.1 * (-)
2012 18 56.6 NS
*=statistically significant (0.05); NS=no difference in factor compared to untreated check.
1
Details at www.ag.ndsu.edu/CarringtonREC/

22. Soybean special input study, CREC, 2005-12:
SEED YIELD WITH PRODUCT COMBINATIONS (3-6/YR) 1
60
50
46.3 47.1
40
unt reat ed check
bu/ A
30
product
com binat ion
20
10
0
1
No statistical difference (LSD 0.05) each year of 8 trials.
2012 mixture: BinBuster XP (V2)/ Headline + Fastac (R3)

23. Soybean intensive mgmt study, NDSU, 8 site-yr (2008-11) 1 :
SEED YIELD and HIGHEST NET RETURN with row
spacing, planting rate and foliar inputs .
(bushels/acre)
$
$
14 14 14 14 28 28 28 28
150 150 200 200 150 150 200 200
N Y N Y N Y N Y
1
LSD (0.05) = NS for each site-yr Endres, Kandel et al.

27. Questions?