MSD Finca Productiva Reproduccion

1. Carlos Antônio de Carvalho Fernandes
Med. Vet. PhD.
cacf@biotran.com.br
São Paulo - SP
07/04/2009

2. Uterine Involution in cattle

3. Reduction by 95% of the
weight (approx. 8-
9kg) in 20-25 days
???
How does it happen?
1. Through lochia (20%)
Shedding of caruncles
2 – Absorption (80%)
Similar to inflammatory process

4. Retrospective

5. Retrospective view on the use of
prostaglandins in post partum
Started with the treatment of calving
problems (since 1978)
Later verified with the information that the
treated animals apart from showing clinical
improvement also returned earlier to
reproductive activity (1987)

6. Efficacy of the treatment of placental retention with
oxytetracycline HCl with or without simultaneous
administration of cloprostenol (Fernandes, 1999)
Variable Oxytetracycline Oxyt+ Cloprostenol
HCl
Number of animals
90 90
Infection at 30d post partum (%)
44,4 42,2
Degree of uterine involution* (%)
1,92 2,43
Interval calving-to-conception (d)*
78,4 54,1
Breeding period (d)*
131,3 111,7
Services/conception
2,41 2,03
* Significativo pelo teste de ‘t’ a 5% de probabilidade

7. Retrospectiva da utilização de
prostaglandinas no pós-parto
Started with the treatment of calving
problems (since 1978)
Later verified with the information that the
treated animals apart from showing clinical
improvement also returned earlier to
reproductive activity (1987)
Relationship between uterine involution and
resumption of ovarian activity (1993)
Use in animals without calving problems
(2002)

8. Effects of Ciosin® administered during post
partum in various scientific studies in
comparison to a control group
Author Number of Reduction in Breed
females post calving
interval (d)
Fernandes, 2002 217 32,0 Holandês
Zanchet,2004 Holandês
159 38,7
Zanchet,2004 Jersey
227 32,5
Fernandes,2004 Nelore (primíparas)
190 17,3
Fernandes,2004 Nelore (multíparas)
295 12,2
Fernandes,2006 Vacas mestiças
320 14,7
Silveira 2008 78 12,3 Bufalos

9. Uterine
involution absorption relies
The process of
on a mechanism similar to
inflammation
Chemical mediators involved are
also similar
Derivatives of arachidonic acid,
principally prostaglandins are
among the most important
Take care when using anti-
inflammatory drugs

10. Uterine size and involution speed
according to the number of days post
partum
More than 50% of the
involution takes place within
the 1st week
Higher production of PGF and
related substances
Uterine
Size Increase in the number of
receptors for PGF and analogues
1 5 10 15 20 25 30
Dayss Post partum

11. Effect of cloprostenol sodium administered post
partum in dairy cows and resumption of reproductive
activity (Fernandes et al., 2002ab)
Treatment scheme in post partum animals
Group Treatment scheme
Control Administration of one dose of 2ml physiological
solution, intramuscularly, at 2 days post partum
Administration of 0.530mg cloprostenol (Ciosin®)
Group 2 in a single dose, intramuscularly, at 2 days post
partum
Administration of 0.530mg cloprostenol (Ciosin®),
Group 3 intramuscularly, at 2 days post partum. Second
dose administered at 3-5 days post the 1st dose

12. Degree of uterine involution, assessed through rectal palpation
at 30d post partum in different treatment groups (Fernandes et al.
2002)
Degree of Involution
1 – Palpation possible
only of the tips of
uterine horns
2. Palpation of more
than half of the uterine
body possible within
the abdominal cavity
3. More than half of
the uterus located in
the pelvic cavity
P<0,05 Between Control
and Ciosin 2x

13. Average incidence of puerperal uterine
infections in dairy cows treated with
cloprostenol sodium in post partum period
(Fernandes et al. 2002)
Effect of PGF
1. Mechanical – reduction
of uterine volume and
expulsion of the lochiae
2. Direct effect of PGF on
the activity of cells
forming the uterine
immune defense
P<0,05 Between Control
and Ciosin 2x

14. Number of services per conception in cows
treated with cloprostenol sodium post
partum (Fernandes et al. 2002)
P>0,05

15. Reproductive performance of cows
treated with cloprostenol sodium post
partum (Fernandes et al. 2002)
P<0,05 Between Goups 1
and 3

16. New results
Defining the most opportune treatment time
Dose and frequency of administration

17. Camargos e Fernandes (2009). data not published

18. Treatment scheme in post partum
animals
Group
Group No Treatment scheme
description
2ml of physiological saline
Control 120 Control
intramuscularly, two doses
Two doses of 0.530mg
Cloprostenol – 1st cloprostenol, intramuscularly,
Group 2 120
week during the first week pp, with
interval of 2-3 days
Two doses of 0.530mg
Cloprostenol – 3rd cloprostenol, intramuscularly,
Group 3 120
week during the third week pp, with
interval of 2-3 days

19. Efeitos do cloprostenol em diferentes períodos
no pós-parto de vacas leiteiras (Camargos e Fernandes,
2009)
Esquema de tratamento dos animais após o
parto
GRUPO N Descrição
Controle 120 Sem tratamento
Duas doses de 0,530mg de
Cloprostenol via intramuscular, na
Clorp 2x – 1ª Sem 120
1ª semana pós-parto, com 2 a 3
dias de intervalo
Duas doses de 0,530mg de
Cloprostenol via intramuscular, na
Clorp 2x – 3ª Sem 120
3ª semana pós-parto, com 2 a 3
dias de intervalo

20. Effects of cloprostenol administered at different times
during post partum period in dairy cows (Camargos e
Fernandes, 2009)
P<0,05 Between Control and 1st Week

21. Fernandes et. al. - A Hora Veterinária. , v.156, p.09 - 13,
2007.

22. Effect of different cloprostenol (Ciosin®) doses
administered in post partum in beef cows (Fernandes et
al, 2007)
Treatment scheme in post partum animals
Number of
Treatment group Treatment description
animals
Control 130 No treatment
A single dose of 0.530mg cloprostenol
Clopr 2ml 132 (Ciosin®), intramuscularly, within the
first 2 days post calving
A single dose of 1.060mg cloprostenol
(Ciosin®), intramuscularly, within the
Clopr 4ml 136 first 2 days post calving

23. Average interval calving-to-1st AI, cumulative and in
different production sites and treatment groups
(Fernandes et al., 2007) (Fernandes et al., 2007)
P<0,05 Between Control and 2ml or 4ml
No Difference betweem 2ml and 4ml

24. Average breeding period, cumulative and in different
production sites and treatment groups (Fernandes et al.,
2007)
P<0,05 Between Control and 2ml or 4ml
No Difference betweem 2ml and 4ml

25. Pilot study – 20 animals
(Fernandes et al., 2009, data not published)
Treatment scheme in post partum animals
Treatment Number of
Treatment description
group animals
Control 5 No treatment
Clopr1x 5 0.530mg cloprostenol as a single dose
0.530mg cloprostenol divided in two doses with
Clopr2x 5
a 24h interval
0.530mg cloprostenol divided into 4 doses with
Clopr4x 5
12h interval

26. Average interval calving-to-1st AI in different
production sites and treatment groups (Fernandes et al.,
2007)

27. Conclusões
Dosage and number of administrations
Doubling of the dose does not always result in an
improvement of results
Saturation of existing PGF receptors
Rapid metabolism (half life of 90min)
Dividing of the dose into a higher number of
administrations
Obtain better results with the same total dose

28. “O sucesso nasce do querer. Sempre
que o homem aplicar a determinação e
a persistência para um objetivo, ele
vencerá os obstáculos, e, se não atingir
o alvo, pelo menos fará coisas
admiráveis”.
José de Alencar
Carlos Antônio de Carvalho Fernandes
Med. Vet. D.Sc.
cacf@biotran.com.br