Eapn 08 10_2015_evp

Economia do Valor Partilhado
UDIPSSS – 08 de Outubro
Filipe Moreira Alves
A Economia do Valor Partilhado
novos modelos de negócio e novas oportunidades
para o 3º sector em Portugal

Lisbon, Portugal
23rd October 1984
Scorpio & Taurus
Academic:
- Degree in Economics (ISCTE-IUL and Ekonomska Fakulteta, 4 years)
- Masters in Economic and Public Policies (ISCTE,2 years)
- PhD in Sustainable Development Policies and Climate Change (FFCUL, PUC)
- Researcher in CCIAM/FCUL since 2012 (BASE; CLimaAdaPT and SIRCLE)
Social Entrepreneurship:
- Founding member and President of Biovilla – Sustainability Co-op (6 years)
- Founding member and Treasurer at Coopérnico – renewable energy co-op (2y)
- Founding member and Treasurer of Conexão Lusófona (6 years)
- Founding member and President of ECOLUTION (8 years)
- Member of the board of the Portuguese network of Social Entrepreneurship (ESLIDER) since 2013
Training:
- Official EU Trainer on Youth Policies and Youth Engagement for 4 years
- Invited lecturer in ISG, FFCUL and ISEG
- Trainer in Permaculture and Sustainability since 2009

1. Novos paradigmas económicos: economia colaborativa e
economia de partilha
2. Novos modelos de negócios para organizações do 3º setor
3. Financiamento colaborativo, títulos de investimento comunitário e
fundos de impacto social
4. Metodologia ABCD (Asset-based Community Development)

O que é a Economia?

“Economics is a science that studies human behaviour
resulting from the relationship between unlimited needs and
scarce resources, which can be used in multiple ways”.
Lionel Robbins (1898 - 1984)

Scarcity (dictionary) :
- Insufficiency or shortness of supply; dearth
- Rarity; infrequency
- Insufficient to satisfy the need or demand; not abundant
Lynne Twist (The Soul of Money) on the Scarcity Paradigm:
1) There isn’t enough
2) More is better
3) That’s just the way it it
“The scarcity mentality is the zero-sum paradigm of life. People with a Scarcity Mentality have a difficult time
sharing recognition, power or profit – even those who help in prduction. They also have a very hard time being
genuinely happy for the success of other people.”
Stephen Covey, The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People

Abundance (dictionary) :
- And extremely plentiful or oversufficient quantity or supply;
- Overflowing fullness
- Affluence, wealth
- The number of atoms of one isotope of an element divided by the total number of atoms in
a mixture of the isotopes
Abundatia as the divine personification of plenty and prosperity..
of ‘virtue in action’!
Is it what we really want?

Sufficiency
(King Bhumibol’s Philosophy)
“It is a philosophy that stresses the middle path as the overridding principle for appropriate
conduct and a way of life by the populace at all levels. Sufficiency means moderation and due
consideration in all modes of conduct together with the need for sufficient resilience from
internal and external shocks. (..)
At the same time, it is essential to strenghten the moral fiber of the nation, so that everyone,
particularly public official, academics or theoreticians, businessmen and financiers, will
adhere first and foremost to the principles of honesty and integrity.”
Ways of Learning Sufficiency Economy (1999)

Ciência com
um método
Ciência
Social
Decisões,
escolhas..

• Fenómenos
económicos
• Gestão • Dinheiro
• Decisões
financeiras
In “O que é a Economia?”
João César das Neves

Political economy
Public economy
Financial Economy
Economics of Happiness
Family economics
Law economics
Macro Mezzo Micro Monetary

Normative Economics and Positive Economics

Kate Raworth
Donut Economy
www.kateraworth.com

EDE AZORES
Economic Week – Module I
Rockstrom, J et al. (2009), Planetary Boundaries: Exploring the
Safe Operating Space for Humanity, Ecology and Society, Vol. 14

A Economia encontra-se no
cruzamento entre a ecologia
e a sociedade observando,
analisando e modelando os
fluxos e as interacções de
energia entre os sistemas
humanos e naturais de forma
a desenvolver relações de
prosperidade mútua.

Property
Exchange
systems
Value and
Indicators
The Pilars of an Economic System

‘The first man who, having fenced in a piece of land, said "This is mine," and
found people naïve enough to believe him, that man was the true founder of
civil society. From how many crimes, wars, and murders, from how many
horrors and misfortunes might not any one have saved mankind, by pulling
up the stakes, or filling up the ditch, and crying to his fellows: Beware of
listening to this impostor; you are undone if you once forget that the fruits of
the earth belong to us all, and the earth itself to nobody’.
Jean-Jaques Rosseau, Discourse on Inequality (1854)

Public Private
Who controls the means of production?
(K, Kh, Kn, etc)
How are they managed?

C1: Freedom
Market
Private
C2: Freedom
Planned
Private
C3: Freedom
Market
Public
C4: Freedom
Planned
Public
C5: Central control
Market
Private
C6: Central Control
Planned
Private
C7: Central control
Market
Public
C8: Central Control
Planned
Public ‘Small is Beautiful’, (1971) E.F. Schumacher
Plutocracy

Property
Exchange
systems
Value and
Indicators

TINA There IS NO ALTERNATIVE
 Genuine Progress Indicator (EUA, Internalização)
 Genuine Wealth Assessment (Dr. Mark Anielski)
 Green Gross Domestic Product (Rio1992)
 Living Planet Index (WWF)
 Happy Planet Index (nef)
 Human Development Index (Amartya Sem ’90)
 Global Peace Index
 Gross Domestic Happines Index (Bhutan)

Externalities and true accounting – who’s paying the real price?
Market price for 250 gr of argentina bief: 5-8 €
Real price?
CO2 emissions: + 0,72 € - 1,53 €
Obesity-related costs: 1,40 €
Other externalities: 0,72 €
“Meat consumption costs the world $140 billion plus per year, totaling between $4 trillion and $15 trillion from
2010 to 2040”
Livestock Long Shadow, FAO Report 2007

EDE AZORES
Economic Week – Module I
Property
Exchange
systems
Value and
Indicators

EDE AZORES
Economic Week – Module I, Session II
To design things
DIFFERENTLY

EDE AZORES
It’s not about re-
inventing the wheel
but more about re-
designinig the wheel..

If a factory is torn down but the rationality which produced it is left standing, then
that rationality will simply produce another factory. If a revolution destroys a
government, but the systematic patterns of thought that produced that
government are left intact, then those patterns will repeat themselves … there’s
so much talk about the system. And so little understanding.’
- Robert Pirsig, writer and philosopher

Property

Property
1. The Great Revaluing
2. The Great Redistribution
3. The Great Rebalancing
4. The Great Relocalization and Engagement
5. The Great Reskilling
6. The Great Economic Irrigation
7. The Great Interdependence
A tale of how it turned out right

ego-nomical framework “no-self”
Dharma economics: the ‘means’ are as important as the ‘ends’
and they are both intertwined in the causal relation of life.

Tim Jackson, Prosperity without growth (2010)
Charles Eisenstein, Sacred Economics (2010)
James Robertson, Transforming Economic Life
(2009)

The one-third hypothesis (OTH)
is a sociodynamic idea (hypothesis) —advanced by Hugo O. Engelmann in 1967 —that asserts that a group's
prominence increases as it approaches one-third of the population and diminishes when it exceeds or falls
below one-third of the population.
"...we would expect that the most persistent subgroups in any group would be those which approximate
one-third or, by similar reasoning, a multiple of [i.e., a power of] one-third of the total group. Being the most
persistent, these groups also should be the ones most significantly implicated in ongoing sociocultural
transformation. This does not mean that these groups need to be dominant, but they play prominent roles."
[1]
The OTH involves two mathematical curves. One represents the likelihood that a subgroup of a specific size
will emerge; the other is the probability that it will persist. The product of the two curves is the one-third
hypothesis.

EDE AZORES
Economic Week – Module III

Largest Community
Garden on the Planet
25 million square feet

Tea Break
15 min

‘Sharing Economy’
‘Peer Economy’
‘Collaborative Consumption’
‘Collaborative Economy’

COLLABORATIVE ECONOMY
An economy built on distributed networks of connected individuals and communities versus
centralized institutions, transforming how we can produce, consumer, finance and learn.
COLLABORATIVE CONSUMPTION
An economic model based on sharing, swapping, trading or renting products and services enabling
access over ownership. It is reinventing not just what we consume but how we consume.
SHARING ECONOMY
An economic model based on sharing underutilized assets from spaces to skills to stuff for
monetary or non-monetary benefits.
PEER ECONOMY
Person-to-person marketplaces that facilitate the sharing and direct trade of products and services
built on peer trust.

WHAT DO THESE
IDEAS HAVE IN
COMMON?

REPRESENT A NEW
WAY TO THINK
ABOUT ASSET
UTILIZATION.

TRANSFORM HOW WE
CAN MATCH PEOPLE’S
‘HAVES’ WITH PEOPLE’S
‘WANTS’.

SHARE COMMON
VALUES AND
DRIVERS.

EDE AZORES
Almoço
13h00 – 14h00

Money is an information system
we use to deploy human effort.
Michel Linton
(originator of LETS)

JAK: Interest-free Loan Pioneer
Co-operative Bank (1931) – Denmark
NO INTEREST BANK
FULL-RESERVE SYSTEM
Local Enterprise Banks (LEBs)
JAK Sweden: 35,000 members,
20 workers and 300 volunteers

EDE AZORES
Economic Week – Module II
FEBEA is the European Federation of Ethical and Alternative Banks
(FEBEA – Fédération Européenne des banques Ethiques et Alternatives),
a non profitorganisation incorporated under belgian law, created in
Brussels in 2001 by Crédit Coopératif (France), Caisse Solidaire du Nord
Pas-de-Calais (France), Crédal (Belgium),Hefboom (Belgium), Banca
Etica (Italy) and TISE (Poland).

Comunidades Auto-financiadas
Auto-financed communties
Groups of 6 to 25 of people within a community
Full-reserve system
Mutual lending
Self-organizing
Ratio 1:4

Any sizable group anywhere, any day, could
start a nonpolitical monetary unit and
system. There is no law against it, and no
legislation need to be invoked.
E.C. Riegel

5.1. - Granja
5.2. - Solidário
5.3. - Justa
5.4. - Torga
5.5. - Sorriso
5.6. - Sol
5.7. - Campino
5.8. - Esito
5.9. - Diabitas
5.10. - Saurius
5.11. - Beijinho
5.12. - Crialito
5.13. - Morango
5.14. - Swap
5.15. - Feijão
5.16. - ESECO
5.17. - Pomba
5.18. - Pombalino
5.19. - Aleixo
5.20. – Jardim
5.21. - Giro
5.22. - Rio
5.23. - Virtas
Moedas Locais

130
Internacional
Nacional
Regional
Local
Goods
Shadoweconomy
GDPEconomy
Time
Banks
Euro;Dolar;Libra
Freecycle
BARTER
Points / Miles /Credit Systems
Local
currencies

1. Community Begins With Gifts
2. Gifts Create Possibilities
3. Connected Gifts Create Associations
4. Associations Are the Workhorses of
Communities
5. Connectors are vital

Food insecurity Hunger
Poverty
Poor infra
-structure
AIDS/HIV
Drought
Corruption Lack of basic Education
Health crisis
Malaria
Crime
Gender
inequality
Individuals
Physical Space
Rangelands
Pasture grazing fields – Kadengoi,
Kataruk, Kasarani, Loru plains, Silale,
Aroo
Hills – Kalangol, Lotiruk, Loriu, Silale,
morwakiring, kamarok
Farms – Morulem, Lokubae, Elelea
Seasonal streams
Water source e.g. wells, boreholes
and water pan
Women groups
Youth groups
Development committee
VICOBA
Group ranches
Conservancies
Family Support Groups
Health Advocacy and
Fitness Groups
PFS
Youth groups
Business groups
Religious groups
Elderly groups
Community Animal health
worker groups
Dong’a Cultural Groups
Men’s Groups
Youth Mentoring Groups
Mutual Support Groups
Neighborhood Improvement
Groups
Political Organizations
Recreation Groups
Religious Groups
Social Groups
Water users Groups
CAHWs vet shop groups
Former livestock rustlers group
assosciat Local Economy
Livestock trade (small scale)
Charcoal burning
Sale of animal
Drugs shops by CAHWS
For-Profit Businesses
Business Associations
Village banks
Micro enterprises
pasture
Livestock
Business trade
Small scale farming
Sand harvesting
Quarry harvesting
Honey harvesting
Charcoal
Mining
Hides and skin products
Eco – tourism
Small arms trade
Livestock rustling
Stories
Of Burning of prosopys Juliflora by the women
Of Ashes from trees burning acts as manure to
the soil
Of background and personal history
Of what we like to do and contribute
Of existing and ongoing skills and capacities
Of successful community development
Of economic growth
Of addressing discrimination
Of including those who are marginalized
Of recognizing the value of everyone
Of a time when we felt appreciated and valued
Of a time the community was at its best
Physical Space
Local Economy
StoriesInstitutions
Associations
Individuals
Institutions
MWUA / LWUA (food security)
LOMEDS (micro credit, peace, livestock
marketing)
LCRC – meeting facilities
Schools (primary) Nginyang, Amaya, Ngoron,
Chesawach,Kokwototo, Natan )
Secondary (Chemolingot, Barpello and Churo
AIC)
Nginyang Polytechnic
Health facilities
Churches
Needs Analysis

Community Building Questions
Creating a community culture often requires neighbors to begin by asking some new questions. A few of
these pioneering questions that can spark a community vision are:
1. What are the gifts of the people in the neighborhood and how are they given?
2. Where are the places in our community where people gather or could gather if a welcome was
offered?
3. What do people in this neighborhood create together?
4. What are the reasons that have gotten neighbors together?
5. What is it in this neighborhood that creates community and how did that happen? Who was involved?
6. How does our neighborhood show that we care about each other?
7. What do we do to help keep our streets clean?
8. Where do we spend money that stays in the community?
9. What does our community do to provide learning opportunities for our children?
10. How do we show our neighborhood children how to be effective citizens?
11. What do we do that involves youth, our older people, and strangers of all kinds?

EDE AZORES

You can’t know what you need…..
…till you know what you have!

“VISION WITHOUT
ACTION, IS NOTHING BUT
DAY DREAMING
ACTION WITHOUT VISION,
CAN BE A NIGHTMARE
BUT VISION WITH ACTION
CAN CHANGE THE
WORLD."

Eapn 08 10_2015_evp

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