This document provides information about different world religions including their core beliefs and views on salvation. It discusses Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Judaism, Catholicism, Protestantism, and Islam. For each religion, it outlines their cosmic beliefs about the nature of the universe/God and their beliefs regarding how followers can achieve salvation. It aims to give a broad overview of the major tenets and philosophies of these prominent religious traditions.

1. CHAPTER 10

2.  As a unified system of
beliefs and practices
relative to sacred
things, uniting into a
single moral
community all those
who adhere to those
beliefs and practices.
EMILE DURKHEIM

3. A. Beliefs that some things are
sacred.
B. Practices (rituals) concerning
things considered sacred;
C. A moral community (people by
heir religious practices) resulting
from the beliefs and practices.

4.  Magic is generally defined as a technique for
controlling these unknown forces in such a
way to produce effects automatically once he
learns to correct the secrets.
 Thus religious practices are designed to
establish friendly relations with the
supernatural powers by showing devotion,
allegiance, and obedience.
 Elements of trust and faith is the most
important.

5.  Faith usually involves a
combination of goals, ideas,
aspirations, and emotions, all of
which have a cultural base. This is
why there are is many “faith” and
why religious groups take so many
forms and include such widely
variant beliefs.

6.  Stated that there is no
real conflict between
science and theology
because they deal with
different objects.
Although they study the
same object form two
different perspective, and
hence there is no real
clash conflict.
St Thomas Aquinas

7.  Facilitate the quest for moral identity
 Provide interpretation for man’s
environment
 Promote social cohesion and
solidarity

9. CULT- a relatively small group of
people having religious beliefs or
practices regarded by others as
strange or sinister. Cult often begin
with the appearance of a charismatic
leader, exerting extra-ordinary appeal
to a group of followers.

10. Example of a CULT:

11. SECT- a group of people with
somewhat different religious beliefs
larger than a cult. Sect usually are
loosely organized, emphasize
personal salvation an emotional
expression of one’s relationship with
God, and recruitment of a new
members (evangelism).

12. Example of SECT:

13. CHURCH- is a large, highly
organized religious group with
title emphasis on personal
conversion and formal, sedate
services. Highly bureaucratization
and international offices that gives
direction to local.

14. Example of CHURH:

15. ECCLESIA- is a religious group so
integrated into the dominant culture
that it is difficult to tell where the one
begins and the other leaves of.
Ecclesia also are called state religious.
The govt. and religion work together
try to shape the society. There is no
recruitment of members.

16. Example of ECCLESIA:

17. DENOMINATION- is a
“brand name” within a major
religion; a religious
organization
whose congregations are
united in their adherence to
its beliefs and practices.

18. HARVEY COX

19.  A. Marx was convinced religion would crumble
when the workers threw off the chains of
oppression.
 B. Others believed sciences would only replace
religion but sciences can not answer about the four
concern many people have: (1) the existence of
God. (2) the purpose of life. (3) morality, ang (4)
the existence of life. Religion will continuisly as
long as humanity lasts, but it has to be changed. A
change that adopted to the modern world.

21. RELIGION COSMIC BELIEFS BELIEFS ABOUT
SALVATION
HINDUISM
The chief of religion of India
(includes cults and sects of
Vishnu, Shiva and Orthodox
Brahmanism
Karma and Samsara. Gods are
essentially different symbols of
impersonal pantheism. Endless
wheel of incarnation, even for
Gods.
Fulfilling one’s “dharma” will lead to a
better incarnation, perhaps as a God. The
especially devout may hope to merge with
the “ ALL ONE” thus, losing personal
identity forever. Asceticism and
mysticism are common in Hinduism.
BUDDHISM
Siddharta Guatama founded
Buddhism which enphasize
self denial and compassion.
Reincarnation. Evil is the result
of unrealistic desires. The world
is guided by Buddha's (the
enlighten ones).
Escape from the eternal wheel of karma
and samsara by following the “noble
eightfold path”
CONFUCIANISM
The official religion of
pre-communist China.
Largely, of comprises
of social ethics.
Shadowy Gods; virtual
pantheism. Tao is the harmony
that pervades all things unless it
is disturbed by wrong conduct.
The cosmos is essentially
unchanging.
Happiness through following ethics of
Confucius. God needs sacrifices in order
to keep the world in harmony.

22. JUDAISM
The first religion based on the
monotheism.
One supramundane God of
power, justice, and mercy. the
world does not pass through
cycles but is passing through a
history that will eventually
come to an end.
Salvation of mankind at the
end of the world, after the
coming of the Messiah. Stress
on ethics and on ritual acts,
pervading life.
CATHOLICISM
(Largest Christian Church
Proclaims itself to be the only
true church as an organized
body.)
One perfect God trinity, and
trinity in unity; the father, the
son, and the holy spirit.
Salvation achieved by the spirit
and sacrifice of Christ, especially
with the help of the seven
sacraments of the church.
PROTESTANTISM
(Great variation in beliefs;
therefore, present
characterization mentions
tendencies).
Most churches accept trinity,
some are Unitarian.
More emphasis on the love of
god and on the saving power of
faith, less emphasis on
sacraments.
ISLAM
The followers are known as
Muslims( Mohammedanism,
Partly grew out of Judaism and
Christianity, Partly had a
common source with them.)
One supramundane God, called
Allah, Mohammed is his
prophet. A day of judgment is to
come.
By following Mohammed and
taking a pilgrimage to Mecca if
possible, men attain paradise
after death. Hell for the wicked.

23. Angelo Joseph Regalado
Kim Arzadon
Angel Sanota
Chrissa Marie Cajigal
Joyce Manuel
SMILE, GOD LOVES YOU. 