This article aims to demonstrate the imperative need for the adoption of the “lockdown” with the closure of all non-essential activities throughout Brazil and the impeachment of Bolsonaro to halt the advance of the pandemic of the new Coronavirus that has reached alarming levels in the country. The “lockdown” became necessary because there is no other alternative capable of immediately preventing the exponential increase in the number of infected and killed in Brazil, not even with the mass vaccination and Bolsonaro's impeachment is necessary because since the beginning of the pandemic he has sabotaged all measures necessary to combat the pandemic, that is, it collaborates with the spread of the Coronavirus and with the collective murder of the Brazilian population.

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TOTAL “LOCKDOWN” IN BRAZIL AND BOLSONARO IMPEACHMENT TO
STOP THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE PANDEMIC
Fernando Alcoforado*
This article aims to demonstrate the imperative need for the adoption of the “lockdown”
with the closure of all non-essential activities throughout Brazil and the impeachment of
Bolsonaro to halt the advance of the pandemic of the new Coronavirus that has reached
alarming levels in the country. The “lockdown” became necessary because there is no
other alternative capable of immediately preventing the exponential increase in the
number of infected and killed in Brazil, not even with the mass vaccination and
Bolsonaro's impeachment is necessary because since the beginning of the pandemic he
has sabotaged all measures necessary to combat the pandemic, that is, it collaborates with
the spread of the Coronavirus and with the collective murder of the Brazilian population.
Brazil's failure to combat the new Coronavirus is quite evident. The consolidated data for
the country confirm the formation of a level of intense transmission of covid-19 with the
maintenance of high rates of the disease, as well as the overload of the health system. In
the midst of the serious situation, governors and mayors began to enact more restrictive
measures, such as the closure of non-essential economic activities without, however, the
adoption of the "lockdown". These measures came late for a situation that has already
escaped control actions. One fact is evident, what the country is experiencing is a
reflection of a lack of control of the pandemic. Public authorities have never had
pandemic control. In order to control the pandemic, it would be necessary to adopt
measures to minimize the cases of covid-19. For that, there would have to be testing of
the entire population, effective social isolation with the "lockdown" and mass vaccination
that is not possible because there is not enough vaccine to immunize the entire population.
This is all a complex operation that requires national coordination and hard work in all
spheres of society. In Brazil, none of this has been done.
Brazil has already collapsed its health system because the ICU beds have already
exceeded the limit of its capacity. In view of this catastrophic situation for the health
system in Brazil, we affirm that there is no alternative but to adopt the “lockdown”
because mass vaccination cannot be adopted, not only because the WHO (World Health
Organization) states that Brazil does not you will be able to tame the pandemic with
vaccine alone, and also because there is not enough vaccine to carry out mass vaccination.
To halt the growth in the number of infected and dead people to be applied across the
country, there is only one immediate solution: the “lockdown” with the total paralysis of
activities because the number of infected and dead grows dramatically in Brazil.
Currently, 13.2 million people have been infected, 340,000 deaths from the new
Coronavirus. On 04/06/2021, there were 4,195 deaths in 24 hours in Brazil. The
"lockdown" is absolutely necessary because the strategy of increasing the number of beds
is not effective in controlling the pandemic because the speed of propagation of the
pandemic exceeds that of the installation of new beds. If the number of infected people
continues to increase, the beds will never be enough. Currently, there is no point in
increasing the number of ICU beds to fight the pandemic. The strategy is to reduce the
number of infected people. The solution lies in the use of a mask, measures of social
distance and, above all, the adoption of the “lockdown” because even if there were enough
vaccines, the effect of mass vaccination would only occur in the long term.

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This entire situation experienced in the country results from the criminal policy of the Jair
Bolsonaro government in combating the new Coronavirus by plunging Brazil into an
unprecedented health catastrophe. Last week, about 30% of all daily covid-19 deaths in
the world occurred in Brazil, although Brazil has only 2.7% of the world population. The
catastrophe could be much worse in Brazil if there were no Unified Health System (SUS),
with universal coverage. However, the SUS was led to collapse by the Bolsonaro
government. On March 29, 2021, 17 of the 27 states in the federation achieved occupancy
rates for adult ICU beds of 90% or more. In March of this year, 496 people lost their lives
while waiting on the ICU waiting list in the state of São Paulo. Stocks of drugs used for
patient intubation are almost depleted. The scarcity of oxygen has affected several cities
in Brazil and threatens the entire country. The collapse of the health system is resulting
in higher mortality rates, both for covid-19 and other diseases, including due to the lack
of available care.
In this context, almost all the governors and mayors of Brazil have adopted restrictive
measures to curb the circulation of covid-19. They faced strong opposition from the
Bolsonaro government, which even filed a lawsuit in the Federal Supreme Court against
three governors who had restricted non-essential economic activities that were filed due
to legal inconsistency. Bolsonaro maintains a false opposition between the economy and
health when he says that the restrictive measures would cause hunger, unemployment and
social chaos. Hunger is happening, however, as a result of the federal government's lack
of effective financial support for low-income families to allow them to stay at home
during the pandemic, forcing millions of Brazilians to resume work contributing to the
spread of the virus. A new aid program was announced, but reduced to a measly 250 reais
on average and, at the height of the pandemic, it has not yet been implemented. Financial
aid to small and medium-sized companies is also scarce, which has led some
entrepreneurs to oppose restrictive measures for non-essential economic activities. Mass
unemployment and social chaos in Brazil are the result of the incompetence and inaction
of the Bolsonaro government in pointing out solutions capable of mitigating these
problems.
Since the beginning of the pandemic in 2020, Bolsonaro has opposed all measures taken
by governors and mayors in the fight against the new Coronavirus. On 6/6/2020,
Bolsonaro tried to criminally omit data from the pandemic in the country so that the
Brazilian population would not be aware of the seriousness of the situation so that it would
not pressure the federal, state and municipal governments to adopt social isolation,
especially the “lockdown”. This attitude of the Bolsonaro government led the press to
take the initiative to disclose the real number of infected and killed by the new
Coronavirus. In addition, Bolsonaro placed the incompetent General Pazuello in the
Ministry of Health, who made him ineffective in fighting the pandemic by opposing the
vaccination of the population and not acting to negotiate enough vaccines to vaccinate
the entire population as soon as possible.
Given the lack of national coordination by the Bolsonaro government in combating the
new Coronavirus, some governors and mayors adopted numerous measures that sought
to maintain economic activities while increasing the number of ICU beds that were not
enough to prevent the pandemic from advancing. In an attempt to avoid the collapse of
the Brazilian economy, they made social isolation more flexible, contributing to the
increase in the number of infected and killed by the covid-19. It has been demonstrated
that this policy of reconciling the economy with health has caused population suffering

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and unnecessary deaths in Brazil. It should be noted that the Imperial College in London
carried out a study on the new New Coronavirus in several countries around the world.
Report on Brazil, prepared on May 8, 2020 by Thomas A Mellan, Henrique H
Hoeltgebaum, Swapnil Mishra and others, entitled “Report 21: Estimating covid-19 cases
and reproduction number in Brazil”, predicted that, at worst scenario for Brazil, if no one
was quarantined and if the tests were not multiplied, as is the case today, there would be
up to 188 million contaminated (equivalent to 88% of the entire Brazilian population) and
1.1 million dead. In the best scenario calculated with 75% of the entire population in
quarantine, with tests for all suspected patients, the number of deaths from covid-19 in
the country would not exceed 44,300.
It can be concluded from the above that it was an ineffective act to resume economic
activity, except the essential ones, prematurely as it has been happening in Brazil because
it is causing unnecessary suffering and death. The health of the population must be
considered a priority and not the resumption of economic activity. The correct strategy of
the moment should be the adoption of the "lockdown" to make the curve of infected and
killed by the new Coronavirus start to decrease so as not to put pressure on the health
system. Lockdown cities and regions should only be released gradually in the same way
as occurred in China with the entire population wearing a face mask, being subjected to
constant temperature measurements, in addition to the population being controlled using
a QR code (Quick Response municipal health code) that functioned as an immunity
passport. In several Chinese cities, there was a QR for each inhabitant, reporting their
health status based on both their own statements and data available by the government.
Thus, citizens were given codes marked in green, yellow or red. Only residents with a
green code can move freely around the city. Yellow and red code holders must remain in
quarantine and register daily on an internet platform to provide information, until they
obtain the green code.
In addition to the "lockdown" to be adopted by states and municipalities, income should
be distributed by the federal government to populations, especially the vulnerable, to
avoid that, due to the need for survival, they are forced to leave their homes to work in
offices or in the streets. This policy was adopted in the United States under the Joe Biden
government and in several European countries. In other words, the federal government
should pay people not to go out on the streets so as not to infect or be infected by the
virus. Measures should also be adopted by the federal government to help companies,
especially micro, small and medium-sized companies, to survive at this time of falling
revenues, as well as states and municipalities to avoid their insolvency due to the drop in
tax collection. Only the federal government has the capacity to put these measures into
practice.
For these measures to be successful and result in the success of combating the new
Coronavirus in Brazil, the adoption of the measures described above is urgent, especially
the "lockdown" for two or three months. The indispensable condition for Brazil to win
the war against the new Coronavirus is that the federal government, the state and
municipal governments and the population are united against the common enemy. For
these measures to be put into practice, there must be coordinating action by the federal
government that, with Bolsonaro, would be impossible. Unfortunately, in Brazil, this
situation will not occur as long as the President of the Republic Jair Bolsonaro is at the
head of the government of Brazil. If everything continues as it is today, and considering
the studies at Imperial College, Brazil could reach 188 million infected and 1.1 million

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dead in 2022. To prevent this from happening, Bolsonaro must be removed from the
presidency of the Republic because he represents the main obstacle in combating the new
Coronavirus pandemic.
It is necessary that Brazil has a President of the Republic that respects Article 23 of the
Constitution, which establishes that it is up to the Union, the States, the Federal District
and the Municipalities, among other functions, to take care of health and public
assistance, to protect the environment and combat pollution in any of its forms, preserve
forests, fauna and flora and combat the causes of poverty and factors of marginalization,
promoting the social integration of disadvantaged sectors. None of these attributions has
been fulfilled by Bolsonaro in the presidency of the Republic, quite the contrary he has
acted against its application. In addition to not taking care of health and public assistance,
Bolsonaro does not protect the environment and does not fight pollution by opposing the
Paris Climate Agreement, nor does he preserve our forests, fauna and flora with the
devastation of the Amazon Forest that he sponsors and does not combat the causes of
poverty and marginalization factors, nor does it promote social integration of the
disadvantaged sectors of the Brazilian population.
Bolsonaro must be removed from the presidency of the Republic, not only for failing to
comply with the provisions of Article 23 of the Constitution, but also because he practices
a crime of responsibility, in accordance with Article 85 of the Constitution, by attempting
against the existence of the Union by moving a war against the governors and mayors
who fight against the new Coronavirus and undermining the exercise of citizens' political,
individual and social rights by framing everyone who criticizes him based on the National
Security Law, an authoritarian rubble of the military dictatorship. For all the crimes
committed by Bolsonaro for failing to comply with articles 23 and 85 of the Constitution
that has resulted in the collective murder of the Brazilian population by the new
Coronavirus, his immediate removal from power is urgent based on an impeachment that
is quite justified by the facts reported above. The Chamber of Deputies has a duty to
initiate an immediate impeachment process against Bolsonaro to stop the advance of the
pandemic in Brazil without which it will be complicit with the crimes committed against
the Brazilian people by the current holder of power in Brazil.
* Fernando Alcoforado, 81, awarded the medal of Engineering Merit of the CONFEA / CREA System,
member of the Bahia Academy of Education, engineer and doctor in Territorial Planning and Regional
Development by the University of Barcelona, university professor and consultant in the areas of
strategic planning, business planning, regional planning and planning of energy systems, is author of the
books Globalização (Editora Nobel, São Paulo, 1997), De Collor a FHC- O Brasil e a Nova (Des)ordem
Mundial (Editora Nobel, São Paulo, 1998), Um Projeto para o Brasil (Editora Nobel, São Paulo, 2000), Os
condicionantes do desenvolvimento do Estado da Bahia (Tese de doutorado. Universidade de
Barcelona,http://www.tesisenred.net/handle/10803/1944, 2003), Globalização e Desenvolvimento
(Editora Nobel, São Paulo, 2006), Bahia- Desenvolvimento do Século XVI ao Século XX e Objetivos
Estratégicos na Era Contemporânea (EGBA, Salvador, 2008), The Necessary Conditions of the Economic
and Social Development- The Case of the State of Bahia (VDM Verlag Dr. Müller Aktiengesellschaft &
Co. KG, Saarbrücken, Germany, 2010), Aquecimento Global e Catástrofe Planetária (Viena- Editora e
Gráfica, Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, São Paulo, 2010), Amazônia Sustentável- Para o progresso do Brasil e
combate ao aquecimento global (Viena- Editora e Gráfica, Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, São Paulo, 2011), Os
Fatores Condicionantes do Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (Editora CRV, Curitiba, 2012), Energia
no Mundo e no Brasil- Energia e Mudança Climática Catastrófica no Século XXI (Editora CRV, Curitiba,
2015), As Grandes Revoluções Científicas, Econômicas e Sociais que Mudaram o Mundo (Editora CRV,
Curitiba, 2016), A Invenção de um novo Brasil (Editora CRV, Curitiba, 2017), Esquerda x Direita e a sua
convergência (Associação Baiana de Imprensa, Salvador, 2018, em co-autoria) and Como inventar o futuro
para mudar o mundo (Editora CRV, Curitiba, 2019).