This is an interesting presentation showcasing measurement of organic compunds in gasoline and diesel For more information, visit: http://bit.ly/25WWXuh Fuel contamination is creating a major problems for the globe. Some shocking revelations are: *In 2009, Fatty acid methyl ester, a harmful component was found in jet fuels of U.S. Air Force. *FRC East discarded about 12,000 gallons of fuel. Solution? The increasing number of fuel contamination cases every year arises a need for a technology to detect impurities in the fuel. Presenting Electronic Sensor Technology's zNose. The unique features of zNose helps in detecting impurites in fuel such as SAW/GC detectors, rapid aroma chromatography etc. Then it tells us about the steps which are used to quantify the chemistry of gasoline vapors and how testing is done in service stations for gasoline and diesel. It also consists of a 4 step - GC method such as: *Sample preparation *Sample pre-concentration time *Column ramping *Detector response and also 4 key matrices to set calibration standards.

1. www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.
Quantification of the
concentration of VOCs in
gasoline and diesel

2. www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.
Quantification of the
concentration of VOCs in
gasoline and diesel

3. www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.
4 News that have shocked us in the past!
• Fuel contamination incident in Bangor, County Down lead Tesco to pay the claims of
about £8m.
• ASDA sent cheques to about 3,000 customers who collectively claimed £1.4m in
compensation.
• In 2009, Fatty Acid Methyl Ester, a harmful component for engines found in jet fuel of
U.S Air Force’s C-130 USAF.
• Fleet Readiness Center (FRC) East discarded about 12,000 gallons of fuel in
December, 2014.
Fuel contamination is creating major problems for the globe

4. www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.
The increasing number of fuel contamination cases every year arises a need for a
technology to detect impurities in the fuel.
Introducing…zNose®

5. www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.
7 Unique features of EST zNose®
Uses Surface Acoustic
Wave (SAW) sensor and
ultra-fast Gas
Chromatography (GC)
technology.
Rapidly provides
complete chemical
profile.
Software of zNose®
includes expandable
library of over 700
chemicals & odor
signatures.
Operates within a
wireless network.
Requires no high
voltages.
Possesses proficient
VOC capabilities.
Highly Sensitive.

6. www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.
4 steps to quantify the Chemistry of Gasoline Vapors!
Step 1 -Ambient air (vapor) is
first sampled and organic
vapors collected on the trap
that acts as a pre-
concentrator.
Step 2- The trap is switched
into the helium section
where the collected organic
compounds are injected into
flowing helium gas.
Step 3- The organic
compounds pass through a
capillary column with
different velocities and thus
individual chemicals exit the
column at specific times.
Step 4- As they exit the
column they are detected
and quantified by a solid
state detector.

7. www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.
6 Samples of Pemex gasoline (87 and 92 octane) & 5 samples of diesel were taken from
various service stations across US and subjected to a 4-step GC method.
Testing Gasoline and Diesel Samples from service
stations!

8. www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.
4-step GC method
Step1: Sample Preparation
Fully vaporized samples and
headspace vapors of gasoline
and diesel collected.
Step 2: Sample Pre-
concentration Time:
Required sample volume of 1-
0.5 milliliter from the
concentration of vapor samples
from gasoline and diesel.
Step 3 - Column Ramping:
Used a db624 column and
temperature ramping rates
varied from zero (isothermal) to
as high as 18o C/second.
Step 4 - Detector Response:
Detector temperature of 10o C
used for optimum response to
the most volatile compounds,
such as benzene.

9. www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.
• Calibration standards made by injecting known concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-
xylene, and n-alkanes into septa sealed 40 milliliter vials and 250 milliliter bottles.
• Vapor standards used to verify system linearity and to provide reference retention times for indexing
peak retention times.
• Standard deviation of replicate measurements using vapor standards was typically 1-5%.
• Using BTEX calibration standards used to test system linearity for vapor concentrations up to
approximately 50 ppm.
4 Key Matrices to Set Calibration Standards

10. www.estcal.comwww.estcal.comElectronic Sensor Technology, Inc.
Email us at:
Contact us
italib@estcal.com
We are keen to tell you more
about EST zNOSE®