Engineering Game Theory of Green Hydrogen towards Energy Transition using Shariah Jurisprudence Developmental Framework based on Ethical Decision-Making from Philosophy of Technology

International Journal of Engineering, Business and Management (IJEBM)
ISSN: 2456-7817
[Vol-7, Issue-2, Mar-Apr, 2023]
Issue DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijebm.7.2
Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijebm.7.2.4
Int. j. eng. bus. manag.
www.aipublications.com Page | 23
Engineering Game Theory of Green Hydrogen towards
Energy Transition using Shariah Jurisprudence
Developmental Framework based on Ethical Decision-
Making from Philosophy of Technology
Zharama Llarena
Faculty of Media and Communication, Bournemouth University, UK
Received: 15 Mar 2023; Received in revised form: 11 Apr 2023; Accepted: 22 Apr 2023; Available online: 30 Apr 2023
©2023 The Author(s). Published by AI Publications. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Abstract— Green hydrogen is a production of business philosophy inclined to promote renewable energies.
Its paradigm shift works on targeting the absence of carbon emissions leading to compliance of the first law
of thermodynamics since the financial intelligence of business industries is designed to maintain the
abundance of natural resources through economical means. Sustainable development is the result of business
growth innovations based on environmental impact assessments concerning marketing of goods and services.
However, there are observed restrictions on these contract laws of business transactions, thus, problems can
be raised pertaining to monetary intelligence of environmental laws. This paper is designed to address issues
on energy transition and elucidate the equation development of statutory interpretation and its gaps to
environmental laws and electricity regulations using game theory modelling of shariah jurisprudence
method resulting to question development of services, particularly, the hydrogen production and zero target
emission of greenhouse gases based on Renewable Energy (Electricity) Bill 2000 (Cth). The legal history of
commercial transactions, starting from Hague to Rotterdam Rules are documented to enhance the bill of
lading pertaining to transportation of goods in relation to receipt and delivery. Constitutional laws are
superior as pre-emption doctrine for compliance and harmony of other statutory laws such as electricity bill
and climate change regulations. Energy regulations are observed to comply with climate change policies for
tightening the monetary strength of business systems against depletion of environmental resources.
Therefore, if green hydrogen is the 2050 plan for electricity transition, its prediction is analogous to the
technological services of concession elucidating the equation development of business economics and its
environmental laws for public safety in meeting the energy demands resulting zero target emission.
Keywords— Green Hydrogen, Renewable Energies, Game Theory, Energy Transition, Solar Energy
I. INTRODUCTION
At present, climate change is strategically interpreted as
financial intelligence in sustainable development pertaining
to issues on society, economy, and environment. The
politics in dealing with continuous change in environmental
global temperature since ancient times should be taken
scientifically as innovation for economic means of public
safety. From 1979-2014, the rate of greenhouse gases has
augmented tremendously, ranging at an estimate of 1.4 ppm
per annum prior 1995 and afterwards, increased to an
atmospheric concentration of 2.0 ppm. The Convention of
United Nations on Climate Change had defined its
conceptual framework as a function of global
thermodynamic solutions intended for direct or indirect
results of changing atmospheric condition observed through
relative periods of human activities bringing significant
impact in natural environment. In relation to global
warming as key concentration to international climate, there
has been long debates for several decades concerning the
responsibility of maintaining the temperature below 2o
C.
From 1850-2010, the energy demands were supplied
through global utilization of fossil fuels and its domination

Llarena / Engineering Game Theory of Green Hydrogen towards Energy Transition using Shariah Jurisprudence
Developmental Framework based on Ethical Decision-Making from Philosophy of Technology
resulted to sudden increase in greenhouse gases. However,
using the gathered data at the end of 2010, the found high
pre-industrial levels of fossil fuels confirmed that its
consumption accounted for majority of global emissions
based on anthropogenic carbon dioxide resulting to over
39% or 330 ppm of greenhouse gases [1].
The unprecedented climate crisis has led various nations for
an immediate action and attention of worldwide transition
to resolve issues in greenhouse gas emissions, hence, 2015
Paris Climate Accord was organized and established. The
Paris Convention fortifies the Sustainable Development
Goals of United Nations in mitigating environmental
problems as monetary intelligence. For maintenance of its
economic goals, it is crucial to control the sources of energy
demands in advocacy of public welfare and their safety,
hence, keeping the people away from detrimental effects of
the environment. Thus, the measurement of energy demands
is urgently required for sustaining and scaling the storage
capacity in regard with the provision of secured energy
supply of alternatives, hence, reducing the current non-
renewable energy sources as a form of lessening the known
dangers for better survival of future generations [2].
The production of hydrogen (H2) follows the laws of
thermodynamics governing the Gibbs-free energy as high as
237 kJ/mol or 1.23 eV, exhibiting a common response of
uphill chemical process. All the same, solar energy storage
through photocatalysis of H2 has its own intricacy and
complexity in dealing with hydrogen production [3]. Ethical
issues on its economic pattern and considerable behavior are
usually the focus of the problem leading to decisions
concerning significant environmental changes. There are
apparent case debates concerning distributional and
procedural justice tackling disposal of wastes, infrastructure
of transportation, and generation of energy [4].
At recent, global energy is known as transformation process
in terms of hydrogen production integration. Its ample
sources offer great opportunities in terms of transportation
and storage convenience. Hence, integrated hydrogen yield
provides wide applications in promoting optimization
towards a novel direction from current energy system. The
interplay of hydrogen-electric integration to energy
networks with non-renewables provides a favorable option
towards utilization of green energy. Hydrogen provides an
economical means of targeting low-carbon energy, hence,
assists in cleaning the greenhouse gas emissions that are
very hard to eradicate by industries towards the promotion
of sustainable development in regulating energy
fluctuations and securing energy transition. Currently, fossil
fuels are the chief raw materials in producing hydrogen as
non-renewable energy resulting to not only high costs but
also carbon pollution. The required standard for hydrogen
production must be clean with high energy supply and
efficient towards zero target emission levels of greenhouse
gases. The utilization of renewable energies over fossil fuels
for production of hydrogen will be the dominant trend in
promoting sustainable development towards a clean future
of efficient economic demands. The major impacts of
hydrogen production shall be disseminated to storage,
refueling, transportation, and industry chain application.
Moreover, in tackling scientific and rational selection of
procedural hydrogen justice, one must critic the availability
or the behavior of hydrogen in the environment without
harming or depleting the abundance of natural resources,
hence, protecting public welfare and safety towards green
economy [5].
In 2015, the United States Energy Information
Administration (EIA) stated that renewable energy is an
infinite type of treatment regeneration opposite to fossil
fuels. As urgent response and advocacy in fighting climate
change and promoting renewable energy as alternative
source, the Paris Convention and the Fifth Assessment
Report (AR5) of the United Nation’s Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) created solutions in
mitigating global warming by shifting to renewable
energies for green economy corroborating public safety.
Furthermore, there has been a documentation of the largest
per annum increment of renewable power percentage at an
estimate of 147 gigawatts (GW) as energy capacity record,
along with the sudden fall of all prices of fossil fuels
worldwide. Hence, global investment is apparent on
renewable energy sector with observed employment of 9.4
million direct and indirect jobs for financial data of business
activities [6].
Tester (2005) explains sustainable energy as engineering
innovations on renewable energy using integration method
in climate change mitigation resulting to lessening of
environmental threats, thus, reducing secondary wastes
towards sustainable development of public welfare based on
green economic agendas of goods. Renewable energies are
being developed as alternative means of promoting green
monetary intelligence in terms of resolving current issues
on climate change based on fossil fuel consumption, hence,
reducing carbon emissions for treatment of global warming.
Hence, the utilization of hydropower, solar energy,
bioenergy, ocean energy, geothermal energy, and wind
energy are natural sources that can be used for energy
demands without having a problem for its availability on
earth. There are several problems being dramatically
observed through the continuing energy demands of coal,
gas, and oil, known as fossil fuels, as population is
increasing along with the challenging growth of economic
problems based on carbon emissions, non-renewable source
depletion, and other related concerns, not only in military

and geopolitical environment, but also in habitual
recurrence of fuel price fluctuations. These issues lead to
conflicts in sustainable development due to potentially
irreversible dangers to public safety. All the same, there is
an urgent demand for energy transition for renewable
sources of energy towards green economy. Renewable
energies surpassed the energy demands over fossil fuels
starting for a 22% provision of total generation of global
energy based on 2012 U.S. Energy Information
Administration. According to 2014 International Energy
Agency, reliance on energy supply is important in all
aspects of public economic demands such as industrial
equipment, transportation, lighting, and heating. The
replacement of fossil fuels in favor of renewable energies
has significant effects in lessening greenhouse gas
emissions. Moreover, the economic shift towards renewable
energies maintains natural abundance based on
environmental laws of thermodynamics since its supply is
found to follow the mass conservation principles resulting
to green production of services and goods. Hence, it is
apparent that biofuels are non-renewable supply of energy
that just provide a temporary sustainable development using
the observed net CO2 emissions leading to unfavorable
effects not only in goods and services, but also in
biodiversity favoring an energy transition to renewable
sources [1].
The paper is predicted through equation development to
meet the energy demands supplied by renewable sources
concerning issues on greenhouse gases analogous to facts of
hydrogen production and its investment transition to green
hydrogen in compliance with Rotterdam Rules and
Renewable Energy (Electricity) Bill 2000 (Cth).
II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Based on regulatory measures, the Renewable Energy
(Electricity) Bill 2000 (Cth) created renewable power
percentage for specification of required electricity
expressed in gigawatts-hour (GWh) per annum as a
regulation subject for imposing penalty upon violation of
the said Act. The formula for computing the needed energy
for a year is shown below [7]:
𝑅𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑜𝑢𝑠 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
×
𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐺𝑊ℎ 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝐺𝑊ℎ 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑜𝑢𝑠 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
The energy increment needs a worldwide demand for an
economical, clean, and infinite sources of renewables for
energy production. The population throughout the world
estimated that it would increase as high as 10 billion people
by 2050, which would definitely generate an exponential
energy consumption as an effect. Hence, researchers and
scientists promote green hydrogen as a form of energy
transition in terms of shifting to renewable sources as
alternatives of economic impact. Hydrogen’s storage
capacity is seven times higher and bigger than the current
utilization of fossil fuels, hence, its density ratio to gasoline
is 1:2.75 by weight and 1:0.25 by volume [8].
Under the Law of Mass Conservation, there must be future
alternatives in providing energy demands leading to
significant decline of current sources, hence, mitigating
depletion of the natural materials. During the 2000 period,
a responsible standard has been established to target
emissions of CO2 at a concentration below 450 ppm. Hence,
the IPCC has set the goals to responsibly target greenhouse
gas emissions at a 50-80% reduction by 2050 at an
estimation of 5.7 GT/yr and negative zero target emissions
by 2100. The conclusion of Meinhausen et al. (2009) had
resolved this problem by sustaining a 2050 target through
probability of a 21 temperature increment under 25% of the
integrated greenhouse gas emissions and the to prevent
carbon emissions in exceeding 1000 Gt. This concession
method is the key target of resolving the issue resulting to
tapering down the present CO2 emissions from its current
per annum release aiming a zero level by 2050 [9].
The intricate context of Rotterdam Rules can be best
discussed via knowing the long historical development of
Hague to Rotterdam, through Hamburg. Many centuries
have passed, the international community was rushed under
pressure for putting Harter Act 1893 and other national US
legislations into harmony as legal instrument that would
reinstate the fields of transportation law and maritime
carriage as unified communication. The legal
harmonization was first introduced on 1921 via Hague
Rules, which an entirely private market document
exhibiting bill of lading. As it became known to the public
that only through international conference uniformity of
communication can be restored, the 1924 Brussels
convention enacted the Hague Rules as legislative scheme
for maritime carriage of goods, although there are some
open issues concerning its draft for exhibiting bill of lading
as an international scheme to be used as reinstatement due
to ambiguities in liabilities of shipping industry. Hence, in
1968, Hague Rules were revised into Hague-Visby Rules
because of these issues. However, there are still found
inadequacies due to modernization that resulted to
establishment of a counteroffer after a decade for
harmonization and hence, Hamburg Rules was formulated
as legal instrument of restoring unification of maritime laws
for carriage of goods.
In order to satisfy the contractual approach in terms of
fulfilling the elements required in vast amount of container

transportation, being performed through door to door
delivery, Rotterdam Rules provided the harmonization for
international contract in transporting goods, encompassing
the entire scope of its shipping agreements with
responsibility of protecting the goods, hence, ensuring
secured and reliable services through issuance of legal
documents for clear receipt and delivery of items by carrier
through land and sea transport. Rotterdam Rules offers
clarification of liabilities of the delivery cargo upon receipt
and delivery and between seller and buyer in the agreement.
Article 27 of Rotterdam Rules specifies the responsibilities
of the shipper to recipient throughout the delivery process,
while Article 43 states receipt coverage of goods until
destination. Furthermore, CISG and INCOTERMS
expresses the shipper’s obligations of intended transport
together with the seller’s responsibilities in delivering the
goods under conditions of Article 35 (1) CISG and A9 F-
and C- stipulations of INCOTERMS. Article 53 and 60
CISG specifies the buyer’s liability in accepting the goods
upon delivery [10]. Thus, Rotterdam Rules had extended the
application scope of limited responsibilities of the shipper
and consignee [11].
III. DISCUSSION
There are argumentations of premises favoring and arguing
with legal formalism approach on sustainable development
towards green economy. Addressing problems on
parliamentary system and its accompanied amendments in
legislation satisfies the formalist obligation of enforcing the
constitutional powers of the government. The society must
feel the existence of the justice system for security ties of
statutory interpretation, specifically when values and norms
are emphasized for public safety as to gain righteous
intuitive result. Statutory interpretation is a judicial activism
process of engineering the right answer based on
presumptions, rules, extrinsic materials, and written laws. It
is illustrated as a hermeneutical circle since developing
deeper thoughts based on provisional interpretations is
inclined for a different and lucid understanding of an
innovative reasoning approach. Hence, using a
mathematical equation, statutory interpretation [7] is
formulated and expressed as the following principles to
elucidate and show that energy transition must be equivalent
with sustainable development in measuring the
harmonization of legal instruments towards green economy.
Based on the given statutory interpretation formula:
ISSUE + RULES = OUTCOME (1)
Hence:
RULES =
<
WORDS
CONTEXT
×PURPOSE>−MAXIMS+PRESUMPTIONS
EXTRINSIC MATERIALS=HISTORY+DEBATES+DICTIONARIES
(2)
EXTRINSIC MATERIALS =
<
WORDS
CONTEXT
×PURPOSE>−MAXIMS+PRESUMPTIONS
RULES
(3)
EXTRINSIC MATERIALS =
<
WORDS
CONTEXT
×PURPOSE>
RULES
−
MAXIMS
RULES
+
PRESUMPTIONS
RULES
(4)
PRESUMPTIONS
RULES
− EXTRINSIC MATERIALS =
MAXIMS− <
WORDS
CONTEXT
×PURPOSE>
RULES
(5)
PRESUMPTIONS−EXTRINSIC MATERIALS
RULES
=
MAXIMS− <
WORDS
CONTEXT
×PURPOSE>
RULES
(6)
PRESUMPTIONS + <
WORDS
CONTEXT
×PURPOSE>
RULES
=
MAXIMS+EXTRINSIC MATERIALS
RULES
(7)
PRESUMPTIONS + <
WORDS
CONTEXT
× PURPOSE > =
MAXIMS+EXTRINSIC MATERIALS
RULES
(8)
Equation (9) is illustrated below to discuss the symbols of
statutory interpretation elucidating energy transition
development to electricity powers concerning human
activities under sustainability development of contract laws
in maritime carriage of goods pertaining to bill of lading.
The elucidation of renewable energy is directly proportional
with sustainable development as uppercase exhibits strong
monetary evidence of economic opportunities, while
lowercase symbols show apparent sources of expenditures,
such as variables on bill of lading, resulting to supply the
energy interests affecting environmental laws:
Λ + < Κ × 𝛽 > =
𝜏 + 𝛼
𝜃
(9)
Where:
𝛬 = 𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑑𝑎
𝛽 = 𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑎
𝛼 = 𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑎

𝜃 = 𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑡𝑎
𝛫 = 𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑘𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑎
𝜏 = 𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑢
Since:
Λ =
𝜏 + 𝛼
𝛽
𝜕 (𝐾)
𝜕 (𝜃)
(10)
Furthermore, green economy, in relation to statutory
interpretation, exhibits relationship of equal ratio between
energy transition and sustainable development. Equations
(11) to (21) show that solar power is generated when
renewable energy technology is used and employed in
relation to sustainable development.
GREEN ECONOMY =
𝐻𝐴𝑀𝐵𝑈𝑅𝐺 𝑅𝑈𝐿𝐸𝑆 + 𝐻𝐴𝐺𝑈𝐸 𝑅𝑈𝐿𝐸𝑆
𝐿𝐸𝐺𝐴𝐿 𝐼𝑁𝑆𝑇𝑅𝑈𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇𝑆
𝜕 (
𝑆𝑂𝐿𝐴𝑅 𝐸𝑁𝐸𝑅𝐺𝐼𝐸𝑆
𝐶𝐼𝑆𝐺
)
𝜕 (𝑅𝑂𝑇𝑇𝐸𝑅𝐷𝐴𝑀 𝑅𝑈𝐿𝐸𝑆)
(11)
Since:
Λ =
𝜕(𝐾) 𝛽
⁄
𝜕(𝜃) 𝜏 + 𝛼
⁄
(12)
GREEN ECONOMY =
𝜕(
𝑆𝑂𝐿𝐴𝑅 𝐸𝑁𝐸𝑅𝐺𝐼𝐸𝑆
𝐶𝐼𝑆𝐺
) 𝐿𝐸𝐺𝐴𝐿 𝐼𝑁𝑆𝑇𝑅𝑈𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇𝑆
⁄
𝜕(𝑅𝑂𝑇𝑇𝐸𝑅𝐷𝐴𝑀 𝑅𝑈𝐿𝐸𝑆) 𝐻𝐴𝑀𝐵𝑈𝑅𝐺 𝑅𝑈𝐿𝐸𝑆 + 𝐻𝐴𝐺𝑈𝐸 𝑅𝑈𝐿𝐸𝑆
⁄
(13)
Hence:
Λ =
𝜕 ln 𝛽
𝜕 ln 𝜃
(14)
GREEN ECONOMY =
𝜕 ln 𝐿𝐸𝐺𝐴𝐿 𝐼𝑁𝑆𝑇𝑅𝑈𝑀𝐸𝑁𝑇𝑆
𝜕 ln 𝑅𝑂𝑇𝑇𝐸𝑅𝐷𝐴𝑀 𝑅𝑈𝐿𝐸𝑆
(15)
Since:
ISSUE = RULES − OUTCOME (17)
Thus:
Δ = Λ – Χ (18)
ZERO EMISSION TARGET = GREEN ECONOMY −
ENERGY TRANSITION (19)
Where:
𝛸 = 𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑖
𝛥 = 𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑡𝑎
Therefore:
GREEN ECONOMY = ZERO EMISSION TARGET +
ENERGY TRANSITION (21)
The first law of thermodynamics, dictating the promotion of
sustainable development as concession, states that the
natural resources must not be depleted nor completely
destroyed for exhibition of legal and moral norm of
hydrogen production as infinite source of energy demands
In heat transfer, the advocacy of sustainable development as
concession dictates the expression of non-depletion of
resources for elucidation of legal and moral standard of
hydrogen production as infinite supply of energy demands
exhibiting natural abundance from human activities
towards, and meeting the treatment of Lawgiver’s objective
for remediation, hence, neutralizing the decline of monetary
deficit [12] as shown in Equations (22) to (29), and drop of
greenhouse gas emissions as elucidated in Equation (27).
Equations (22) to (24) show the relationship of variables in
Ideal Gas Law of mass conservation.
𝐶𝐴𝑠
=
𝑃𝐴𝑠
𝑅𝑇
(22)
𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇 (23)
𝑀 =
𝑛
𝑉
(24)
Equation (25) elucidates the dimensionless relationship of
pressure based on Euler number and it is shown below:
𝐸𝑢 = 𝑃
𝜌𝜈∞
2
⁄ (25)
Equation (26) discusses the thermal conductivity pertaining
to viscosity or resistance of hydrogen production for
advocacy of renewable energy based on energy equation of
heat transfer resulting to equation development from Ideal
Gas Law. The relationship of equation variables is exhibited
below:

𝐿 =
𝑘
𝑘𝑒𝑇
(26)
𝐶𝐴𝑠
=
(𝐸𝑢𝜌𝜈∞
2 )𝐴𝑠𝑘𝑒𝐿
𝑅𝑘
(27)
𝑛𝑅𝑇 = 𝑉(𝐸𝑢𝜌𝜈∞
2
)𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿 (28)
𝑉 =
𝑛𝑅𝑇
(29)
Moreover, zero level emission of greenhouse gases targets
the lack of mass diffusivity of non-renewable energies using
Ideal Gas Law of heat transfer, and hence, its mathematical
proposition is illustrated below:
𝐶𝐴𝑠
=
𝑅𝑘
(30)
Energy transition is developed based on the third law of
thermodynamics as sustainable development goals towards
storage capacity based on required renewable energy
percentage of Renewable Energy (Electricity) Bill 2000
(Cth) as legal standard subject to enforceability of
distributional hydrogen justice of its production for usage of
society. Equations (31) to (50) are energy equations for
hydrogen production development.
The equations below explain the variables in heat transfer:
𝑇 =
𝑉(𝐸𝑢𝜌𝜈∞
𝑛𝑅
(31)
𝐶𝐴𝑠
=
𝑅𝑘
(32)
Furthermore, the relationship for electricity equation in
relation to resistance (Ω) is exhibited below:
𝑅 (Ω) =
𝑉2 (𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠)
𝑃 (𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠)
(33)
𝑃 =
𝑉2
𝑅
(34)
Furthermore, the potential energy function in relation to
Lennard-Jones parameter is expressed below:
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 10−6 √𝑀𝑇
𝜎2Ω𝜇
(35)
Ω𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 10−6 √𝑀𝑇
𝜎2𝜇
(36)
The following energy variables exhibit the equation of
watts:
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 10−6 √𝑀𝑇
𝜎2Ω𝜇
(37)
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 10−6
√𝑀
2 )𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿
𝑛𝑅
𝜎2Ω𝜇
(38)
The development of energy equation shown as gigawatt-
hours (GWh) for the storage capacity relationship needed in
renewable power percentage is exhibited below:
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 10−6
√𝑀
2 )𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿
𝑛𝑅
𝜎2Ω𝜇
𝑥 109
(39)
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 103
√𝑀
2 )𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿
𝑛𝑅
𝜎2Ω𝜇
(40)
𝑅 =
8.3145 𝐽
𝑚𝑜𝑙∗𝐾
(41)
𝑅 =
8.3145 𝑘𝑔
𝑚
𝑠2
𝑚𝑜𝑙∗𝐾
(42)
𝑅 =
8.3145 𝑘𝑔∗𝑚
𝑚𝑜𝑙∗𝐾∗𝑠2 (43)
Therefore:
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 103
√
𝑀
2 )𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿
𝑛
8.3145 𝑘𝑔
𝑚
𝑠2
𝑚𝑜𝑙∗𝐾
𝜎2Ω𝜇
(44)
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 103
√
𝑀
2 )𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿
𝑛
8314.5 𝑔
𝑚
𝑠2
𝑚𝑜𝑙∗𝐾
𝜎2Ω𝜇
(45)
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 103
√𝑀
2 )𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿∗𝑚𝑜𝑙∗𝐾∗𝑠2
𝑛8314.5𝑀
𝜎2Ω𝜇
(46)

𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 103
√𝑀
2 )𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿∗𝑚𝑜𝑙∗𝐾∗𝑠2
𝑛8314.5𝑀
𝜎2Ω𝜇
(47)
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 103
√8314.5𝑀∗𝑉(𝐸𝑢𝜌𝜈∞
2 )𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿𝐾𝑠2
𝜎2Ω𝜇
(48)
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 103
√8314.5𝑀∗𝑉(𝐸𝑢𝜌𝜈∞
2 )𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿𝐾
𝜎2Ω𝜇
𝑥 𝑠 (49)
𝜇 = 2.6693 𝑥 103
√8314.5𝑀𝑉(𝐸𝑢𝜌𝜈∞
2 )𝐴𝑠
𝑘𝑒𝐿𝐾
𝜎2Ω𝜇
𝑥 0.00028ℎ𝑟
(50)
Energy originates in several processes of environment, and
is utilized in human activities constituting to extraction,
conversion, transportation, and impact application as
dictated by momentum theorem of thermodynamics [13].
While fundamental developments for monetary progression
are always vital, there is definitely a need for technology
acceleration in providing a means of achieving essential
targets for energy transition. While timeline perspective can
be noted and taken into account, the important consideration
is the cost-efficiency of the treatment solutions, hence the
integration of financial intelligence involves shifting to
economical investments and therefore, lessening
impediments for monetary risks. The operational
framework for a decision-making involves simultaneous
actions between technological capabilities and socio-
economic opportunities [14]. Figure 1 shows a
neurocognitive design for sustainable development
judgements constituting concession and rationalization
harmonizing technological innovations for increasing
demands of the public on energy consumption in the future,
hence, opting to energy transition using infinite resources
under dictation of mass conservation, momentum theorem,
and energy equation as moral standard of human ethical
conduct.
Fig.1. The Moral Norm: Neurocognitive Design of Sustainable Development for Ethical Decision-Making
Al-Qurubi (2015) explains Shariah as Islamic canonical law
constituting both legal and moral standards in judgement
comparison of human behavior. By argument of premises,
not every Sharia principle is legal although all of their
rulings are deemed as moral. Kamali (2008) differentiated
legal principle from moral norm based on the enforceability
to procedural courts since ethical conduct of humans can be
an invalid premise for a legal argument. According to Ibin
Ashour (2001), the Shariah is modelled using the purpose
measurement of sustainability and preservation of the
community system through dominance righteousness of
humans. Hence, Shariah regulates ethical behavior using

justice security with beneficence of the society and its
environment, neutralizing the origins of corruption
(economic deficits) and harm (pollution). In this concern,
the Shariah jurisprudence serves as a sharp assessment tool
to evaluate human actions in achieving their economic
interests and safety in harmony with the objectives of a
Lawgiver since this model illustration acknowledges the
possible problems between sustainable development and
Lawgiver’s objectives [15]. Figure 2 shows the framework
for Shariah jurisprudence modelling the objectives of the
Lawgiver tackling energy transition as sustainable
development goals.
Fig.2. The Legal System: Developmental Framework of Shariah Jurisprudence Method
IV. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Environmental issues on climate change generates
tremendous problems in sustainable development. Green
economy offers great opportunities in sustainable
development in strengthening the economic impacts of not
only industrial modernization, but also domestic
urbanization towards utilization of hydrogen production for
cost-efficiency of storage capacity concerning renewable
power percentage. Legal instruments for harmonization of
international contract are utilized for the purpose of
monetary intelligence, starting from Hague to Hamburg
Rules, and extending its amendments to Rotterdam Rules in
connection with CISG and INCOTERMS for receipt and
delivery of goods, served as a legal means to engineer a
jurisprudence method towards economic benefits of energy
transition in harmony with Renewable Energy (Electricity)
Bill 2000 (Cth). Thus, developing ethical norms from
concession with interpretation of statutory law equation
creates rationalization of the 2050 planning concerning
energy transition favoring hydrogen production for solar
energies through development of storage capacity for
electricity consumption since this would secure zero
emission target for reduction of greenhouse gases
advocating green monetary success against climate change.
REFERENCES
[1] Owusu, P.A., & Asumadu-Sarkodie, S. (2016). A review of
renewable energy sources, sustainability issues and climate
change mitigation. Cogent Engineering, 3:1167990.
[2] Raman, R., Nair, V.K., Prakash, V., Patwardhan, A., &
Nedungadi, P. (2022). Green-hydrogen research: What have
we achieved, and where are we going? Bibliometrics analysis.
Energy Reports, 8, 9242-9260.
[3] Rosetti, I. (2012). Hydrogen Production by Photoreforming
of Renewable Substrates. ISRN Chemical Engineering, 1-21.
[4] Walker, G. (2010). Environmental justice, impact assessment
and the politics of knowledge: The implications of assessing
the social distribution of environmental outcomes.
Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 30, 312-318.
[5] Li, Z., Zhang, W., Zhang, R., & Sun, H. (2020). Development
of renewable energy multi-energy complementary hydrogen
energy system (A Case Study in China): A review. Energy
Exploration & Exploitation, 38(6), 2099-2127.
[6] Alola, A.A., Alola, U.V., & Akadiri, S.S. (2019). Renewable
energy consumption in Coastline Mediterranean Countries:
impact of environmental degradation and housing policy.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26:25789-
25801.
[7] Sanson, M. (2016). Statutory Interpretation, 2nd
edition,
Oxford University Publishing.

[8] Agyekum, E.B., Nutakor, C., Agwa A.M., & Kamel, S.
(2022). A Critical Review of Renewable Hydrogen
Production Methods: Factors Affecting Their Scale-Up and
Its Role in Future Energy Generation. Membranes, 12(173).
[9] Trainer, T. (2010). Can renewables etc. solve the Greenhouse
problem? The negative case. Energy Policy, 38, 4107-4114.
[10] Von Ziegler, A. (2013). Rotterdam and the Underlying Sales
Contract. Part II – The Work of the CMI. CMI Yearbook, 273-
286.
[11] Berlingieri, F. (2009). A Comparative Analysis of the Hague-
Visby Rules, the Hamburg Rules, and the Rotterdam Rules.
General Assembly of the AMD, Marrakesh.
[12] Welty, J.R., Wicks, C.E., Wilson, R.E., & Rorrer, G.L.
(2008). Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass
Transfer, 5th
edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[13] Kaunda, C.S., Kimambo, C.Z., & Nielsen, T.K. (2012).
Hydropower in the Context of Sustainable Energy Supply: A
Review of Technologies and Challenges. ISRN Renewable
Energy, 730631, 1-15.
[14] Centi, G., Iaquaniello, G., & Perathoner, S. (2019). Chemical
Engineering role in the use of renewable energy and
alternative Carbon sources in chemical production. BMC
Chemical Engineering, 1:5.
[15] Alziyadat, N., & Ahmed, H. (2018). Ethical decision-making
in Islamic financial institutions in light of Maqasid Al-Sharia:
A conceptual framework. Thunderbird International
Business Review, 61:707-718.

Engineering Game Theory of Green Hydrogen towards Energy Transition using Shariah Jurisprudence Developmental Framework based on Ethical Decision-Making from Philosophy of Technology

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Engineering Game Theory of Green Hydrogen towards Energy Transition using Shariah Jurisprudence Developmental Framework based on Ethical Decision-Making from Philosophy of Technology

Similar to Engineering Game Theory of Green Hydrogen towards Energy Transition using Shariah Jurisprudence Developmental Framework based on Ethical Decision-Making from Philosophy of Technology (20)

More from AI Publications

More from AI Publications (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Engineering Game Theory of Green Hydrogen towards Energy Transition using Shariah Jurisprudence Developmental Framework based on Ethical Decision-Making from Philosophy of Technology