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Everyday life reader Ben HIGHMORE
1. The Everyday Life Reader – Ben HIGHMORE
Chapter 6‐ Michel de CERTEAU
General Introduction to the Practice of Everyday Life
ID 501
Duygu ÜRÜN
2. Contents:
Consumer production
•Usage or consumpion
•The procedures of everyday creativity
•The formal sructure of practice
•The marginality of a majority
The tactics of practice
•Tractories, tactics and rhetorics
•Reading, talking, dwelling, cooking etc.
•Extensions: prospects and politics
4. CERTEAU
•Criticizes production and consumption of everday life
•Emphasizes that everyday life is full of life practices which
repeat both unconsciously and consciously.
•Tries to criticize everyday life by the help of concepts of
strategy and tactics.
•Emphasizes that users manipulate and make transformations
on consumption. They improve tactics.
•Criticizes that there is a secondary production hidden in its
process of utilization.
6. “This essay is part of continuing investigation of the ways in
which user ‐ commonly assumed to be passive and guied by
established rules ‐ operate.”
“The purpose of this work is to make explicit the systems of
operational combination which also compose a ‘culture’ and to
bring to light the models of characteristic of users whose status
as the dominated element in the society concaled by the
euphemistic term ‘consumers’. Everyday life invents itself by
poaching in contless ways on the property of others.”
7. 1‐Consumer production
a) Usage or consumpion
“To a rationalized, expansionist, at the same time centralized,
clamorous, and spectacular production is confronted corresponds
another production, called ‘consumption’ .”
“It does not manifest itself through its own products, but rather
through its ways of using the products imposed by a dominant
economic order.”
***Spanish colonizers &Indians
8. “We must first analyze its manipulation by users who are not its
makers. Only then can we gauge the difference or similarity
between production of the image and the secondary production
hidden in the process of its utilization.”
***The act of speaking; (walking, cooking etc.)
Operates within the field of e linguistic system
Effects an appropriation or reappropriation of language by its speaker
Establishes a present relative to a time and place
Posits a contract with the other
“Users make innumerable and infinitesimal transformetions of
end within the dominant cultural economy in order to adapt it to
their own interests and their own rules.”
9. b) The procedures of everyday creativity
It is urgent to discover,
•How an entire society resists being reduced to it
•What popular procedures manipulate the mechanisms of dicipline and
conform to them only in order to evade them
•What ways of operating form the counterpart on the consumer’s side
“These ways of operating constitute the unnumerable practices by
means of which users reappropriate the space organized by
techniques of sociocultural production.”
10. c) The formal structure of practice
Art or way of making
Popular culture = popular
Arts of making or combinatory or utilizing modes of cunsumption
two sort of investigations,
•More descriptive in nature
•Scientific literature
11. d) The marginality of a majority
•Today, not limited to minority groups
•Cultural acitivity of non‐producers of culture
•Unsigned, unreadable & unsymbolized
•Buy and pay for showy products
•A silent majority
products linked together in obligatory language
their function is related to sociol situations & power relationships
***TV type bw immigrant & citizen
“The tactics of cunsumption, the ingenious ways in which the
weak make use of the strong, thus lend a political dimension to
everyday practices.”
12. 2‐The tactics of practice
Three concerns about relations between consumers and the mechanisms of
production
• The search for a problematics that could articulate the material collected
• The description of a limited number of practices considered to be
particularly significant
• The extension of the analysis of these everyday operations to scientific
fields apparently governed by another kind of logic.
a) Trajectories, tactics, and rhetorics
• Trajectories : path a moving object follows
• Rhetorics : art & study the use of language
13. “Strategies, a calculus of force relationships which becomes possible when
a subject of will and power can be isolated from an environment. A strategy
assumes a place that can be circumscribed as proper .”
“Tactic, a calculus which cannot count on a proper.”
“The place of a tactic belongs to the other.”
“The proper, is a victory of space over time. On the contrary, because it does
not have a place, a tactic depends on time – it is always on the watch for
opportunities that must be seized on the wing.
“Many everyday practices are tactical in character. And so are, more
generally many ways of operating, victories of weak over the strong”
14. “Strategies, in contrast, conceal beneath objective calculations their
connection with the power that sustains them from within the
stronghold of is own ‘proper’ place or institution.
b) Reading,talking,dwelling,cooking etc.
• produce without capitalizing
• Without taking control over time
• Inevitable one starting point
• Exorbitant focus of contemporary culture and its consumption
***reading, silent production etc.
c) Extensions : prospects and politics
• Prospects or futurology
Rationality, imagination, tentative moves, pragmatic ruses, successive
Tastics, strategic
• The individual subject in political life
15. Certau temel olarak kullanıcıların, rasyonel otoritenin dayattığı
yaşam tarzlarına karşı pasif alıcılar mı yoksa reaksiyoner‐yaratıcı
alıcılar mı oldukları noktasına odaklanmıştır.
Certau ayrıca gündelik hayat pratiklerinden yola çıkarak
kullanıcıların, otoritenin dayattığı materyalleri bir çeşit
transferden geçirerek bir direniş gerçekleştirdiklerini iddia eder.
Certau, bu pratiklerin kendi deyimiyle taktiksel olduğunu ısrarla
vurgular.
16. The Lived Spatiality of Ankara (1935‐ 1950) through the Memories of its Citizens
Serpil Ozaloğlu
Abstract
Ankara, planlanarak inşa edilmiş ender başkentlerden biridir. Başkentin
modernleşmesi Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin hedeflerinden biriydi. Makalede
kentsel kültürün dönüşümü, Ankaralıların günlük yaşamları ve mekansal
pratikleri açılarından incelenmektedir.Adı geçen mekanlar ve binalar kentin
hem yeni hem de eski veya geleneksel mahallelerinde yer almaktadır.
Mekansal pratikten anlaşılan, kentin kamusal alanlarında yer alan tüm
mekansal deneyimler ve toplumsal ilişkilerdir. İlişkisiz ve önceden
planlanmamış gibi görünen olayları birbirine toplumsal ve fiziksel olarak
bağlayan şey dönemin baskın olan söylemidir. 1930ların ve 1940ların
Ankara’sında baskın olan söylem modernleşmedir. Bu çalışmada
kentsel kültürün dönüşümünü mekansal pratikler aracılığıyla incelerken üç
önemli başlık, günlük yaşam, tarih‐bellek ilişkisi ve bedensel pratiklerdir.