1. OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY
FF4212
Head of Department : Prof Madya Dr. Mohd Razif Mohd Yunus
Module Head : Dr. Aneeza Khairiyah W. Hamizan
Department’s PPD Head : Dr. Roslenda Abdul Rahman
I. DIRECTORY OF TEACHING STAFF
NAME EMAIL ROOM NO.
Prof. Dr. Abdullah Sani sani@ppukm.ukm.my 6845
Mohamed
Prof. Dato’ Dr. Lokman Saim dfkper@ppukm.ukm.my 5000
Prof. Dato’ Dr. Balwant Singh gendeh@ppukm.ukm.my 6049
Gendeh
Prof. Madya Dr. Asma asmaent@yahoo.com 6043
Abdullah
Prof. Madya Dr. Goh Bee See beesee@ppukm.ukm.my 6053
Dr. Marina Mat Baki Marinadr72@yahoo.co.uk 6055
Dr. Mohd Razif Mohd Yunus Razif72@gmail.com 6050
Dr. Salina Husain Drsalina_h@yahoo.com 6083
Dr. Iqbal Farim Rizal Wong Iqbal_rizal@yahoo.co.uk 6842
Dr Aneeza Khairiyah W draneeza@gmail.com 6838
Hamizan
Dr Roslenda Abdul Rahman Lenda_orl@yahoo.com 6840
Dr Kong Min Han minhankong@hotmail.com 6056
Pn. Wan Fazlina 7195
Pn. Shahrina shahrina@gmail.com 5558
INTRODUCTION TO ORL-HNS
The weeks posting covers the clinical approach to the common disease in ORL-HNS. By applying
biomedical and clinical sciences, the students learn through an integrated approach encompassing
history taking, clinical examination and principles of patient management in a holistic manner.
Students are expected to perform and observe simple clinical procedures and surgeries.
PREREQUISITES
The students should have the following knowledge and skills;
1. Good understanding of basic biomedical sciences, anatomy and physiology of ear, nose
and throat.
2. 2. Basic history taking skills
3. Basic physical examination skills
4. Basic PPD skills
II. COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
On completion of this in module the student should be able to:
1. Demonstrate adequate history taking and perform a through physical examination on
ORL-HNS patients.
2. Interpret the history and physical signs to formulate a proper provisional diagnosis and
differential diagnosis.
3. Identify and request the appropriate investigations and interpret the results
4. Identify disorders in ORL-HNS that are manifest stations of systematic disease.
5. Explain the diagnosis and management common ORL diseases found in Malaysia.
6. Identify and manage emergency ORL cases.
7. Identify ORL disorder that require to an ORL specialist.
8. Comply with ward rules and regulations.
9. Demonstrate a sense of responsibility in their personal and professional behavior.
10. Discuss and demonstrate skills in approaching patients in a holistic manner incorporating
both physical and psycho spiritual needs.
11. Discuss and apply the influence of medical ethics, behavior and professional conduct
towards patients.
III. TEACHING LEARNING METHODOLOGY
1. BEDSIDE TEACHING.
Students are divided into group of 10-11 with a lecturer designated to supervise each group. There
will be ward rounds conducted during the posting whereby students will be exposed to various
cases in the ward. Those students, who are allocated for ward work and on call, are expected to
clerk new cases and observe or perform ward or emergency procedures. Each student is expected
to write a case-up that will be presented to the lecturer in charge in a scheduled session. The
students will also follow the clinic sessions at least twice a week whereby they will be trained in the
basic clinical skills from physical examination and patient management. Students are required to
actively participate in all teaching sessions and their assessment will be based on their participation
and attendance. The students will be attached to the audiology and speech therapy clinic at least
once during the posting. Each group of students is scheduled for one clinical examination session
with medical officers/registrars at the ORL clinic.
3. 2. PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL)
PBL comprises of tutorial sessions which are conducted twice for each during the posting. They
are clinically – oriented with emphasis on problem solving. This is aimed to encourage self –
directed learning (SDL) in the form of cases scenarios management. The students are expected to
do some simple and basic research in order to be complete the task. Students are required to
actively participate in the discussions under supervision by a lecturer. A PPD component will also
be included. In each session, 2 case scenarios will be given. Each tutorial session will last for one
hour.
At the end of the respective tutorial, students should be able to:
Otology
Review the basic concepts in the pathophysiology and diagnosis of otological disease.
Apply the principles of ear anatomy in the localization of otological lesion.
Formulate a list of differential diagnoses for patients with clinical manifestations of an
otological chief complaints eg ; deafness, vertigo.
Rhinology
Review the basic concepts in the pathophysiology and diagnosis of rhinological diseases.
Apply the principles of nose anatomy in the localization of rhinological lesion.
Formulate a list of differential diagnoses for patients with clinical manifestations of
rhinological diseases.
Explain the basic management of common rhinological chief complaints eg; nasal
blockage, epistaxis.
3. Lectures
Students will be exposed to basic ENT conditions through a series of interactive lectures.
This is to guide the students in their revision and highlight the important ENT conditions
and emergencies. By the end of the posting students should be able to :
Deafness
Define the condition
Relate the underlying anatomy and physiology to the condition
Correlate the pathophysiology with the relevant symptoms and signs
List the causes of the condition
List and interpret the findings of investigations
Discuss the principles of management
Basic hearing assessment and rehabilitation.
4. Lecturer in-charge: POF. MADYA DR. ASMA ABDULLAH
Diseases of the ear (external, middle and inner)
Define the condition
Relate the underlying anatomy and physiology to the condition
Correlate the pathophysiology with the relevant symptoms and signs
List the causes of the condition
List the interpret the findings of investigations
Discuss the principles of management
Lecturer in-charge: PROF. DATO’ DR. LOKMAN SAIM
Physiology of balance and vertigo
Define the condition
Related underlying anatomy and physiology to the condition
Correlate the pathophysiology with the relevant symptoms and signs
List the causes of the condition
List and interpret the findings of investigations
Discuss the principles of management
Lecturer in-charge: PROF. MADYA DR. ASMA ABDULLAH
Foreign bodies in the ear, nose and throat.
Define the condition
Relate the underlying anatomy and physiology to the condition
Correlate the pathopysiology with the relevant symptoms and signs
List the causes of the findings of investigation
Discuss the principles of management
Lecturer in-charge: MR. IQBAL FARIM RIZAL WONG
Neck Mass (BENIGN)
Define the condition
Relate the underlying anatomy and physiology to the condition
Correlate the pathophysiology with the relevant symptoms and signs
List differential diagnosis
List and interpret the findings of investigations.
Discuss the principles of management
Lecturer in-charge: PROFESOR MADYA MOHD RAZIF MOHD YUNUS
5. Stridor and tracheostomy
Define the condition
Relate the underlying anatomy and physiology to the condition
Correlate the pathophysiology with the relevant symptoms and signs
List the causes of the condition
List the interpret the findings of investigations
Discuss the principles of management
Lecturer in-charge: PROF. DR. ABDULLAH SANI MOHAMED
Head and Neck Trauma
List the common cases (facial fractures, nasal trauma, laryngeal injury, temporal bone
fracture)
Discuss the clinical features
List the interpret the findings of investigations
Discuss the principles of management
Lecturer in-charge: PROF. MADYA DR. GOH BEE SEE
Head and Neck Tumor (MALIGNANT)
Define the condition
Relate the underlying anatomy and physiology to the condition
Correlate the pathophysiology with the relevant symptoms and signs
List differential diagnoses
List the interpret the findings of investigations
Discuss the principles of management
Voice rehabilitation
Lecturer in-charge: MR. MOHD RAZIF B MOHD YUNUS
Common laryngeal Diseases
Define the condition
Relate the underlying anatomy and physiology to the condition
Correlate the pathophysiology with the relevant symptoms and signs
List differential diagnoses
List the interpret the findings of investigations
6. Discuss the principles of management
Voice rehabilitation
Lecturer in-charge: MR. IQBAL FARIM RIZAL WONG
Epistaxis
Define the condition
Relate the underlying anatomy and physiology to the condition
Correlate the pathophysiology with the relevant symptoms and signs
List the causes of the condition
List the interpret the findings of investigations
Discuss the principles of management
Lecturer in-charge: MR. MOHD RAZIF B MOHD YUNUS
4. VIDEO SHOW
Students will be shown short video on the listed surgeries, procedures and physical examination:
Myringotomy and grommet
Adenotonsillectomy
Tracheostomy
Changing of tracheostomy tube
Nasal packaging
Examination of facial nerve function
Ear examination
Examination of neck mass particularly parotid tumor.
Lecturer in-charge: DR. ANEEZA W HAMIZAN
5. ASSIGNMENT
Students are required to submit only one case report during the posting. Marks will be awarded
which will go towards their end-semester assessment.
6. LOG BOOK FOR PROCEDURES.
This is aimed at giving early clinical exposure to the students to prepare them to become more
competent and all-rounded doctors. Student will be required to observe/perform clinic, operation
theatre and ward procedures listed below and record them in their log books, which should be
7. submitted to their respective supervisor at the end of their posting. Students are expected to
perform the procedures marked with an*
Clinic/Ward
i. Anterior rhinoscopy*
ii. Posterior rhinoscopy*
iii. Auroscopy/otoscopy*
iv. Turning fork test*
v. Indirect laryngoscopy*
vi. Flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscope
vii. Nasal toilet
viii. Ear toilet
ix. Ear syringing
x. Nasal packing
xi. Electrical/ chemical cautery for epistaxis
xii. Nasal biopsy
xiii. Removal of foreign body of the ear, nose and throat.
xiv. Pure tone audiometry
9. APPENDIX II - RESOURCE MATERIALS
Textbooks
1. Burton M, Leighton S, Hall IS, Robson A, Colman BH, Russel F. 2000. Hall &
Colman’s disease of the nose, throat and ear. 15th edition, University of Michigan,
Churchill Livingstone.
2. Bull PD, Clarke R, 2007. Lecture notes, Disease of the ear, nose & throat. 10th edition,
Mass, Blackwell Publishing
3. Stafford ND, Youngs R. 1999. ENT Colour guide. Revised 2nd edition, Edinburgh
Churchill Livingstone.
4. Dhingra PL. 2007. Disease of the ear, noce and throat. Th dition, New Delhi, Elsevier.
5. Youngs R, Stafford ND, 2006. ENT in focus. 1st edition Edinburgh, Elsevier/Churchill
Livingstone.
Website:
1. www.emedicine.com
2. UTMD grandround.com
