Pathophysiology part 1 paramedic

1. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Paramedic Care: Principles & Practice
Volume 1, 5e
Chapter 12
Pathophysiology
Introduction to Disease

2. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Multimedia Directory
Slide 181 Alveolar Gas Exchange Animation
Slide 183 Understanding ARDS Video

3. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Standard
• Pathophysiology

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Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Competency
• Integrates comprehensive knowledge of
pathophysiology of major human systems.

5. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Introduction
• Homeostasis: body maintains internal
environment in steady state of balance.
• Disease: abnormal structural or functional change
within body.
• Pathophysiology: study of disease.

6. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Introduction
• Pathology: medical science that deals with all
aspects of disease.
• Pathologist: physician who specializes in
pathology.

7. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Hierarchical Structure of the Body
• Cells: smallest unit of life made up of molecules
(made up of atoms).
• Tissue: similar cells that perform common
function.
• Organ: group of tissues working together to
perform similar function.
• Organ system: group of organs working together
to perform common or similar function.

8. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Hierarchical Structure of the Body
• Organism: group of organ systems functioning
together.
• Human being is organism with 11 different organ
systems.
• Humans are social creatures.
• Population: all the organisms of same species
residing in distinct geographic area.

9. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Hierarchical Structure of the Body
• Community: total of all living organisms occupying
defined geographic area.
• Ecosystem: community and its physical
environment.
• Biome: geographic area with similar climatic
conditions.
• Biosphere: portion of Earth where life is found.

10. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Part 1
Disease

11. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Disease
• Predisposing Factors to Disease
– Age
– Gender
– Genetics
– Lifestyle
– Environment

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Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Disease
• Risk Analysis
– Cannot control genetics, gender, age.
– Can control lifestyle and environment.
– Minimizing predisposing factors can slow effects of
age.
– Data can be used to modify risk factors that can be
modified.
– Risk analysis used to look at person's whole life.

13. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Disease
• Disease
– Pathogenesis: sequence of events that leads to
development of disease.
– Idiopathic: predisposing factors cannot be identified.
– Etiology: occurrences, reasons, variables of a disease.
– Clinical presentation: manifestation of a disease.

14. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Disease
• Disease
– Symptom: what patient tells you about disease—
subjective complaint.
– Sign: objective finding you identify through physical
examination.
– Syndrome: specific constellation of signs and
symptoms.
– Diagnosis: assumption disease will follow prescribed
course.

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Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Disease
• Disease
– Acute: sudden onset.
– Chronic (insidious): slower onset.
– Complications: abnormalities that result from original
problem.
– Sequelae: complications common or expected.
– Prognosis: expected outcome.

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Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Disease
• Classifications of Disease
– Infectious
– Immunologic
– Inflammatory
– Ischemic
– Metabolic
– Nutritional
– Genetic

17. Copyright © 2017, 2013, 2009 Pearson
Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Bryan E. Bledsoe
Richard A. Cherry
Robert S. Porter
Disease
• Classifications of Disease
– Congenital
– Neoplastic
– Trauma
– Physical agents
– Iatrogenic
– Idiopathic