new paper

1. 21 2 ¶ Æ ¾ ¨ Vol.21 No.2
2007 4 Å CHINESE JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH April 2 0 0 7
/ ÍÅ / Ì ÀÊ·» ¸ Ä ∗
Ý Þ¼ © «º Ù ¼ß ÚÜ
Û
Õ Ñ ­Ï ± ÂËÍ Ç ÖÛ­ Ú¤¢ À ºÕ Ê¢ ÅÎ Î ± ¨
( 515063)
(SCA) , (FTIR) ÃXÒ
(XPS) ¼
SCA ¤ . , SCA Ç, ­Ä
ªªÇ ± ­ ± ½ ¡Ò½ º ¤ ­ Óä߭³ ÖÓ Û± Ç
¹ ËÖª²¥·
. /SCA/ , SCA
À¼
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.
± ­ ± ½ ÖË
, , , /SCA/ ,
TU528 1005-3093(2007)02-0140-05
Forming mechanism of granite/silane coupling agent/cement
paste interface
LI Yili LU Xiaohua FENG Yulong XIONG Guangjing∗∗
(Department of Civil Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063)
* Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China No.50278050.
Manuscript received June 19, 2006; in revised form August 30, 2006.
** To whom correspondence should be addressed, Tel:(0754)2902989, E–mail:gjxiong@stu.edu.cn
ABSTRACT The mechanisms that the bond strength between aggregates and cement paste could
be significantly increased by modifying the aggregate surfaces with silane coupling agent (SCA) were
analysed. The formation and the influencing factors of granite/SCA interface were investigated using
spectrophotometry, contact angle measurement, FTIR and XPS. The results revealed that strong bonds,
including chemical bonds, formed on the modified granite surfaces. The interface transition zone (ITZ)
benefits from the existence of the uncondensed silanetriols and the distributed organofunctional network.
KEY WORDS inorganic non–metallic materials, concrete, silane coupling agent, granite/SCA/cement
paste interfacial layer, bond mechanism
Æ ­ É
40%[1] ; C50 Ø Ý²
Æ
¶ m3 , Ã Ø
¾¸ ,
15 ¨ Â Ø.
ß (SCA) « ¯ Ì
« ¯´
د Ô »
£
90% ²
»× Ú¾¸
[3,4]
.
[2]
. ƾ £,
«
»Ú µ
É
0.35),
û¨£ Û ß. Û ¼ [8] É
KH–570 SCA Ë
»¶Å Ø«
È « ¯ («
«
« Þ «¦, Ò µ« Ï « ¯ (« 0.25) £ÂÉ
»·´Ï Ï Â ÕÏ , Ô » × ÒÓ Í£±² 25.9%  44.7%; ³
Ì
[5∼7]
. « ¯´
É« ¯Ùµ¡§«ßÑÆÝ ÁÌ¿Â , ÑÉ
« « ¯Ñ Å ¯ ,
£ » , ɱ SCA
KH–570 SCA Ë
Ū Ø« « ¯/
/« ¯
È « ¯,
», É
»ÂÆÝ «
²§Õ «¦ Ø, Ê § » ·´ ¯/ »±² 121.4%  51.2%[9]. ÃØ
ª ¤ » Ø Ý [10∼13]
SCA ,
* Æ ªÓ² 50278050 ÐÆ. SCA ÊÔ Â Ô Ñ ¦, É Ã ß
20066 Æ 19 Ê ´; 2006 8 Æ 30 Ê £ ´. « ¶Å Ø É ²ÃØ ß« ² [14] .
Ç È: ¢ ¸, ¢ SCA ºÑ ÔÜÂÊÔÜ, ÔÜ Ô

2. 2 Ì´ : ° / ¬ ° ¼ ß ÕÊ
/ 141
Å, ÊÔÜ ÊÔ Å, Ê . « É Ã (à 20 £) 60 £ 120 £ µÎ 100 mL
Š« ¯×ÚÊÔÌ, SCA Ø 1% SCA Ë Ù, ¦¾ 20 min À , É
À , Æƾ /SCA/« ¯ ÔÃØ Ê (Æ C1 É Ã 24 h ). Éß
¾½
» Þ ÔÉ. ¸ º ¡ 8 Ñ« (ßµ ´× 1 μL), ¸
£ OCA 20 Þ¹ ¨ ¹Ô ¹Ô
³Ç¶
1
, À 16 µ¨ ¼ .
1.1 À ƨ 20 g ³ ©§Â¦
Ó § ߸ ( 80 mm Ì (FTIR) Ó , ¼ « 4 ( 1),
× 25 mm × 2.5 mm) Â
0.3 mm), SCA (KH–570)(« Õ
CCH3 COO(CH2 )3 Si(OCH3 )3 , ¨¥
ƨ ( Ø
¦
CH2 ¨
γ– ¢Ò
ß D0 , ß D1 D2 D3, « É
à (à 20 £) 60 £ 120 £ µÎ 100 mL Ø
1% SCA Ë ¦¾ 20 min, ¹±Ä¦ Ö
Ò Ò ¢ Ò , ¨¸Õ¦Ú RSiX3 , É 60 £Ê 0.5 h Ñ Ë, Nicolet Nexus 870 FTIR
Ù R £« ÔÒ , X « Ò ), Ê«± (´ MCT–B ¥¹ ) ¹ß½ .
Ä ( ¨Å), 36% ± («ÎÅ), Ñ«, SCA Ë
Ðκإ ¨« µÆØ
(× «¨ 0.1%  1%)[10,13,15] .
, ºÑ¹ Å SCA Ë
VG Multilab 2000 X
½
Ð
.
¦
¹Ô
¢
¸ ¥ ¦
1.2 ¨ , ÄÔ¶ ¨
Ë Ø °ÔɱºÃض«
,
ƨ ²Ú Å Ø. ¼ 5 ß« ( 1).
Ó ¹
SCA Å
(UV–vis)
¦
1),
Ú
Å
Á ¨ »±º ½
. Æ À ߸
20 mm×25 mm×2.5 mm.
4À(
»Ð
ß
À 250 mL Ø 0.1%( Ø ²Ñ±Ï « Ø E0 , À ß E1 E2 E3 , « É Ã (Ã
¥¹) SCA Ë , « 5 , ¶¡Î 5 g 20 £) £
60 120 £ µÎ 100 mL Ø 1%
ƨ, « É Ã (à 20 £) 40 60 90  120 SCA Ë ¦¾ 20 min, À ±Ä 1 h, É
£ ¦¾ 20 min, Ö Ö A0 A1 A2 A3 à 24 h , ³ XPS ¹ß. ¸ Ô Æ¨
 A4 ¶ 50 mL  ¾ Æ; Æ 5 ÆÊ ß D1 D2 D3 º ¨£, Ô ß F1 F2 F3 ,
(101–0 ÝÐÇ¿ Ë ) « © 50 mL ± ȳ XPS ¹ß. ³ ´¹ß SCA É
Ä/« (´× 95 : 5) Ù, Ó Ç «Ô (JS–3A Ý Å Ç Ø, Æ §°¹¹ß F1 F2 Á
ÔÑÈÃÇ « ) « À 20 min, ÈÉ Ö ºÈ« ©Î±Ä/« (´× 1 : 1) Ë ÙÓ
(SHE–3 « « ( Ö )) Ö B0 Ç «Ô à « À 10 h, ¹±Ä Ö, É
B1 2 3 Â B4 ¶ 50 mL. Æ A
B B
« ÈÜ (80–2 ÝÐÖÈÜÔ), À » ,
– ¨«
ÂB Ö
Ø Agilent 8453 ¹ É λ=226
¥ 60 £Ê , Èɳ XPS ¹ß (
Æ F11 F21 Á º« ©Î±Ä/« (´× 1 : 1)
Ë Ù¹ 100 £ « À 10 h, ¹±Ä Ö, É
F11 21 ); È
F
nm Á ( ) Ø. 60 £Ê , ³ XPS ¹ß ( F12 22 ). Ó ²
F
À¯À ߸ ( 1) ³ Ï Ó , Æ MgKα X Â, ² C1s( Å 284.6 eV)
ß C0 , Æ À ( ß C1 C2 C3 ) × Å .
² 1 SCA ° °
Table 1 Grouping of the test specimens
¬
Method
Unmodified SCA modification reaction temperature/ ¤
granite r.t. (∼20) 40 60 90 120
UV–vis A0 B0 A1 B1 A2 B2 A3 B3 A4 B4
Wettability C0 C1 C2 C3
FTIR–ATR D0 D1 D2 D3
XPS E0 E1 E2 E3
F1 F2 F3
F11 F21
F12 F22

3. ¶ Æ ¾ ¨
ÔÈ
142 21
¾2 Å ß ´ Ì ½
Ô ±Éº ÏÓ µÒ
,
2
É 2950 1455(CH3), 2840(CH2), 1720(C ¨
2.1 SCA O), 1640(C ¨ C), 1160(C—O), 1090 Â 1010 cm−1
Ö
¾ ·
£ÁÉÃØ ²Ø߬
¹ß
1
SCA Ö
UV–vis
.
A B
,
(Si—O). ¾ 3
D0 ß , D1 2 3
ƨ¦ Ì
1720 1455
.
1160 Â
¯ Ø
D D
A Ø߬ ÜË Ù , SCA 1086 cm−1 ¤ SCA , £É±º
Ä º
߬
.
; £ÃØ ² Ö
£ ÃØIJ
£ ÃØIJ .
,
±
,
,
,
,
, B
SCA ÃØ , SCA
£
Ú SCA É 1090 cm Á Ñ °¨¨Ñ Ö,
−1
·Á Û ¨© Si—O—Si . Ú É Ì
Þ Ç Å.
Ä/«Ë À SCA Ä , ܲ ¨  ¨ Ó, É Ã SCA Þ ¨
©ÞÕ Å ±³ À SCA Ä . A Ö © Å, ÏÉ ² Á
Ü
£: ¹
²ªÜÞÕ
µ± SCA Ë
¹ÔÍ ×: Ź²ÃÁÉ ´ß Ù
Ø ,
µ« SCA; B Ö ¯ SCA, Û Si—O—Si .
2 ¨, SCA «
ß« ¨
SCA, Ú Ä/« SCA ç .
Æ£, ɲ澶« Þ ¨ Â
¨©. ÊÚ SCA ÄÜÞÕ Å, Ð
SCA Ä , Ï ÆÄ . »È, ¹
ß±ºÃض« ¹ SCA «
,Ü Å SCA
. ß C0 1 2 Â C3
C C « 84.0◦
86.4◦ 92.9◦ Â 93.8◦. £, SCA Ô ÃØÄ
², « Ä , Æ£
.Ü
Ï , È Ò§ .
£
Ï ( « ) ¦¾ÃØ ² ߬
ÃØ ², SCA Ï¡, ÔÒ R 2 Æ Í ¿
Fig.2 FTIR spectrum of pure SCA
1 × ¡ Ú SCA
A B ÄÙ 3 ° ¯© Í ¿
Fig.1 Relationship between relative SCA contents Fig.3 FTIR–ATR spectra of granite powders before
and temperatures and after modification by SCA solution
² 2 SCA ¬
Table 2 Elementary binding energy before and after modification by SCA solution/eV
Æ
E0 E1 E2 E3 F1 F11 F12 F2 F21 F22 F3
Si2p 102.62 102.81 102.80 102.92 102.81 102.82 102.74 102.93 102.80 102.80 102.85
O1s 532.04 532.06 532.14 532.08 532.13 532.0 532.08 532.13 532.0 532.0 532.08

4. 2 Ì´ : ° / /¬ ° ¼ ß ÕÊ 143
 ,
Si—OH © ¡
 à 0.3 eV. ƣ,
Si—O—Si ©, Ó Ã
¥ «¦, §Õ Û « , Ï Û
Ø; ¡Ú « Ò º« « ¯ Ç
SCA Ü
¢»  צ ,
Þ ¨©. ¸
Si
O C
¦ ¦ ¨©. »È¦¾ÃØÂÑ£ ÔÚ
À Ý » .
Ë É¶Ö ¼ º
± , C
Si2p ÁÉ
¦
µ¨ 1 : 2.25 : 0.63, Si
¨­Ï¡Ã 3 ; Ñ£
¨Â , C µ¨ ,
O µ¨
¦ ±
à 2.2
SCA
/SCA/
« , ±ÚÃز ,
. ×±Ï « ¯ . Ú° ƾ £,
¾4 ß E0  E1 XPS Å ¾. É Ã /SCA/« ¯ » Šز
ß E0, ß E1 É C1s 288.6 eV Þ SCA Â [8,9,14]
. ¸ ÆÓ «
Ò . ¬Ã¹ Ñ£
( Î /SCA/« ¯ Þ ÔÉ: (1)
)ß º Ò . Ó Ò SCA « Ò «Þ Si—O—
SCA £ ¨ © , ÜÔÉ ²Ã Si ©; (2)SCA È Ò £ ² « Ì,
Ø Ñ£ ±Á. ¦¾ÃØIJ Ñ£Ä , ÌÄ , R Ò Ä ,
É C1s 288.6 eV Ò Â Si2p Á SCA Ù È ÒÄ , «
¨Â Ó, SCA ÄÉ Þ Ä¾; (3)SCA È Ò º« « Ù
¨©Å. ¨©Þ ÔÉ : KH–570 ÉÄ«Ë Ù
« ¦¾ Ä, ÄÙ Si–OH ©±ÈÔ,
¨ Ò «Þ « ¦
Ò «Þ Si—O—Si ©; (4) À
« ²,
«« ¦© ¦
«
, Ô
¯Ù«
Si—O—Si ©, ¨ ´£ Ò Å »«¦, ÒÔ« « ÙÉ
Þ ´ . É ²ÃØ
[9,10]
Ñ£ µ±, Î £ Ì ¥ Â ·´ [9] , Ê
³ SCA Ù ¢ µ« « , ºÑ¡ » Ø. «
Ò £Â Ò £ «, Ê É « ¾ Õ, «¦ Æ, £Þ«
Þ £«», Ô «
· Ú, ÜÔÉÝö« , SCA º
.
Si ¥ O ¥ Si ¨©; ɦ¾ÃØ
² £«Ò R ÏÉ
«¦, £
» ½Ò , Æ [9]
·´É
Ó
, Ê Ô
¥
;
Ñ SCA « Ø , ´£ Ò Å (5) Ì SCA ¦¾ Ø (Ñ£ Ã
± Â, È Si ¥ OH , ɲ澶« Ø ²), Í SCA È Ò§ , « ¯ ¨
À « . £, É ¦¾ÃØ © Å § . « Ô« ²
² ¢Ú « Ò£« R Ò £Þ«
½.
« ¯ Å ªÝ·¹, Ú£«Ò §Õ
ºÑÏÉ «Â£«Ò º
½
¥«¦Ñ Ø
, ¹³É
ÕÏ¡, Šئ . ÊË ¨ß
« , Ò
Þ Ï
·´Ï ,
« ¯ « ¾ , Ê Ù [14]
.
Æ [10, 16–19] £, Ò
Ca Al ÅÌ « ©. Æ£, À À
Ø , ¶ È ÒÏÉ, Ü
SCA Ø §ÌÅÜ ÃØÂÑ£.
È
,
3
ÉÝò SCA
1.
« ¯ » / ½, /« ¯
»ÏÉ SCA Ó ¨© Å,
» Å ØÂ » ÓØ Ð ±².
4 C1s Ñ §Æ
Fig.4 C1s electronic bonding energy
2. SCA Ø À
ÏÉ À Å Ä Ò£ޫ² ÔÒ .
SCA ¾ÉÝà Ø ݦ¾Ñ£ ¶«
Ú

5. 144 ¶ Æ ¾ ¨ 21
³
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