1. What is « strategy »? A shift from a position to another one. 1-A set of changes in the internal and external positioning of the organization, defined by variables such as product x market combinations, technology, structure, human resources, reputation, and financial situation. 2-A set of different human activities , such as analysis, thinking, decision-making, and managerial and nonmanagerial action 1 Definition of Strategy Lectures in Strategic Management 2011 – Daniel Degravel, PhD. ©

2. Strategy = Road + Vision Firm Year T 2011 Firm Year T + n 2018 2 Definition of Strategy A shift from an organizational position from time T to another position at time T+n. A position is based upon many variables At time T, the vision of the organization for time T+n is imprecise The road that the organization takes leads to the actual shift, and is simultaneously emergent and deliberate Lectures in Strategic Management 2011 – Daniel Degravel, PhD. © Position #1 Position #2

3. 3 Toolbox of Strategic Management Internationalization Diversification Concentration Differentiation Cost leadership Integrated Cost Differentiation Vertical Integration Exit from business, divestiture Mergers and Acquisition Cooperative strategies (alliances and partnerships) First-Second-Late Mover advantages Innovation Lectures in Strategic Management 2011 – Daniel Degravel, PhD. © The « road » can be composed of many strategic moves; some are illustrated here… They are designed and articulated through strategic thinking

4. 2-Strategic orientations and moves 1-Preparation and Strategic Analysis 3-Implementation of Strategy Control Adjustment Model of Strategic Management 4 Lectures in Strategic Management 2011 – Daniel Degravel, PhD. © The involved human activities can be sorted into three large simplified categories, illustrated here… Reality is more complex