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Law No.30/2002 as amended by Law No.19/2019 (Article 6)
NON-COMMERCIAL USE
•conduct corruption prevention activities;
•coordinate with institutions authorized to combat acts of
corruption and agencies in charge of delivering public
services;
•monitor the administration of state governance;
•supervision of agencies authorized to carry out Corruption
Eradication;
•conduct preliminary investigations, investigations and
prosecutions against acts of corruption; and
•execution to implement judges' orders and court decisions
that have permanent legal force.
The Corruption Eradication Commission has the duty to:
KPK’s 3 PRONGED
Enforcement Prevention
Public
Involvement
Seven types of corruption crimes according to Indonesia's
anti-corruption law:
7
Corruption cases handled by the KPK
• Based on the type of profession or position (2004 – 2019)
297
from private sector
Types of corruption cases (2004-2019)
Bribery & Illegal
gratification
6 8 3 C a s e s
Procurement
2 0 6 C a s e s
66%
20%
Misuse of government budget
Money laundering
Illegal fees
Licensing
Obstruction of justice
5%
3%
3%
2%
1%
48 Cases
36 Cases
26 Cases
23 Cases
10 Cases
Video
Perbedaan gratifikasi, suap dan pemerasan
Sub - english
Article 1
Referred to in this law as:
1. A corporation shall be an organized group of persons and/or assets both as legal
entities as well as non-legal entities.
2. Civil Servants shall comprise:
a. Civil servants as referred to in the Law Regarding Employment;
b. Civil servants as referred to in the Criminal Code;
c. Persons receiving salaries or wages from the state or regional treasury;
d. Persons receiving salaries or wages from a corporation receiving assistance from
state or regional treasury;
e. Persons receiving salaries or wages from other corporations using capital or
facilities of the state or the public.
3. Every person shall be considered an individual or a member of a corporation.
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Article related to bribery
Article 5
(1) Any person(s) who:
a. gives or promises something to a civil servant or state apparatus with the aim of
persuading him/her to perform an action or not to perform an action because of
his/her position in violation of his/her obligation; or
b. gives something to a civil servant or state apparatus because of or in relation to
something in violation of his/her obligation whether or not it is done because of
his/her position,
shall be sentenced to a minimum of 1 (one) year’s imprisonment and a maximum of 5
(five) year’s imprisonment and/or be fined a minimum of Rp50.000.000 (fifty million
rupiahs) and a maximum of Rp250.000.000 (two hundred and fifty million rupiahs).
(2) The civil servant or state apparatus who receives a payment or promise as referred to
in paragraph (1) letter a or b shall be sentenced to the same jail term as that referred to in
paragraph (1).
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Article 6
(1) Anybody that:
a. gives or promises something to a judge with the aim of influencing the decision of the
case handed down to him/her for trial; or
b. gives or promises something to an individual who according to the legislation is
appointed a lawyer to attend a trial session with the aim of influencing the advice or
views on the case referred to the court for trial,
shall be sentenced to a minimum of 3 (three) years imprisonment an a maximum of 15
(fifteen) years imprisonment an be fined a minimum of Rp150.000.000 (one hundred and
fifty million rupiahs) an a maximum of Rp750.000.000 (seven hundred and fifty million
rupiahs).
(2) the judge receiving the payment or promise as referred to in paragraph (1) letter a or
the lawyer receiving the payment or promise as referred to in paragraph (1) letter b, shall
be sentenced to the same jail term as that referred to in paragraph (1).
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Article 11
A civil servant or state apparatus who receives a payment or a promise believed to
have been given because of the power or authority related to his/her position or
prize or promise which according to the contributor still has something to do with
his/her position, shall be sentenced to a minimum of 1 (one) year’s imprisonment
and a maximum of 5 (five) year’s imprisonment and be fined a minimum of
Rp50.000.000 (fifty million rupiahs) and maximum of Rp250.000.000.000 (two
hundred and fifty million rupiahs).
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Article 12
a. A civil servant or state apparatus who receives a payment or a promise believed to have
been given to encourage him/her to do something or not to do anything because of
his/her position in violation of his/her obligation;
b. A civil servant or state apparatus who receive a payment believe to have been given due
to the fact that he/she has done something or has not done something in relation to
his/her position in violation of his/her obligation;
c. A judge that receives a payment or a promise believed to have been given to influence
the verdict of the case handed down to him/her for trial;
d. An individual who according to the legislation is appointed a lawyer to attend a trial
session, then receives payment or promise believed to have been given to influence the
advice or view on the case referred to the court for trial;
shall be sentenced to life imprisonment or a minimum of 4 (four) year’s imprisonment and a
maximum of 20 (twenty) year’s imprisonment and be fined minimum of Rp200.000.000 (two
hundred million rupiahs) and a maximum of Rp1.000.000.000 (one billion rupiahs).
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Article 13
Any person rendering gifts or promises to civil servants in view of the powers and
authority attached to their respective ranks or positions, or deemed by the person
rendering such gifts or promises to be attached to the aforementioned rank or
position, shall be liable to a prison term not exceeding 3 (three) years and/or a fine
not exceeding Rp 150,000,000 (one hundred and fifty million rupiah).
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Article related to illegal gratuity
Article 12B
(1) Any gratification for a civil servant or state apparatus shall be considered as a bribe
when it has something to do with his/her position and is against his/her obligation or
task, with the provision that
a. when the gratification amounts to Rp10.000.000 (ten million rupiahs) or more, it
is the recipient of the gratification who shall prove that the gratification is not a
bribe;
b. when the gratification amounts to less than Rp10.000.000 (ten million rupiahs),
it is the public prosecutor who shall prove that the gratification is a bribe.
(2) A civil servant or state apparatus who is found guilty of the criminal offense as
referred to in paragraph (1) shall be sentenced to life imprisonment or a minimum of
4 (four) year’s imprisonment and a maximum of 20 (twenty) year’s imprisonment
and be fined a minimum of Rp200.000.000 (two hundred million rupiahs) and a
maximum of Rp1.000.000.000 (one billion rupiahs).
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Article 12C
(1) The provisions as referred to in Article 12B paragraph (1) shall not be valid if the
recipient reports the gratification to the Corruption Eradication Commission.
(2) The recipient of gratification shall convey the report as referred to in paragraph (1)
no later than 30 (thirty) working days after the gratification has been received.
(3) The Corruption Eradication Commission within a period of 30 (thirty) working days at
the latest after the receipt date of the report shall decide whether the gratification
belongs to the recipient or the state.
(4) The procedures for conveying the report as referred to in paragraph (2) and for
determining, the status of the gratification as referred to in paragraph (3) shall be
laid down in Law on the Corruption Eradication Commission.
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Video gratifikasi yang wajib ditolak sub
english
Article related to extortion
Article 12
e. A civil servant or state apparatus who intentionally benefits himself/herself or other people in
violation of law, or by abusing his/her power forces a person to give something, pay, or receive
discounted payment, or to do something for himself/herself;
f. A civil servant or state who, at the time of performing task, asks, receives or cuts payment from other
civil servant or state apparatus or from the general treasurer as if the other civil servant or state
apparatus or the general treasurer owed him/her;
g. A civil servant or state apparatus who, at the time of performing task, asks or receives job or goods
from other party as if the latter owed him/her;
h. A civil servant or state apparatus who, at the time of performing task, uses state land for which the
right to use land has been issued, as if based on the law it has harmed the people entitled to it, while
in fact the action violates the law;
i. A civil servant or state apparatus who directly or indirectly takes part in a contract work,
procurement, or lease, in which at the time the activities is carried out he/she is assigned to arrange
or supervise it wholly or partially,
shall be sentenced to life imprisonment or a minimum of 4 (four) year’s imprisonment and a maximum of
20 (twenty) year’s imprisonment and be fined minimum of Rp200.000.000 (two hundred million rupiahs)
and a maximum of Rp1.000.000.000 (one billion rupiahs).
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Article related to state financial
losses
Article 2
(1) Anyone unlawfully enriching himself and/or other persons or a corporation in such a
way as to be detrimental to the finances of the state or the economy of the state
shall be liable to life in prison, or a prison term of not less than 4 (four) years and not
exceeding 20 (twenty) years and a fine of not less than Rp 200,000,000 (two hundred
million rupiah) and not exceeding Rp 1,000,000,000 (one billion rupiah).
(2) In the event that corruption as referred to in paragraph (1) is committed under
certain circumstances, capital punishment may be applied.
Explanation:
What is meant by "certain conditions" in this provision is meant as a deterrent to the
perpetrator of the criminal act of corruption if the crime is committed when the state is in
a state of danger in accordance with the prevailing law, at the time of a national natural
disaster, as a repetition of the criminal act of corruption or when the country is in a state
of economic and monetary crisis.
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Article 3
Anyone with the intention of enriching himself or other persons or a corporation,
abusing the authority, the facilities or other means at their disposal due to rank or
position in such a way that is detrimental to the finances of the state or the economy
of the state, shall be liable to life imprisonment or a prison term of not less than 1
(one) year and not exceeding 20 (twenty) years and/or a fine of not less than Rp
50,000,000 (fifty million rupiah) and not exceeding Rp 1,000,000,000 (one billion
rupiah).
Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
Corporate criminal liability
Video pengelolaan hadiah di sector swasta
sub english
Article 20 of Anti-Corruption Law
1) In the event that corruption is committed by or on behalf a corporation, the charges and the
sentence can be instituted against and imposed on the corporation and/or its board of directors;
2) Corruption is taken to be committed by a corporation if the conduct committed by individuals who
are, based on working or other kind relationship, conducts within the scope of business
corporation, both personally and collectively;
3) In the event that a corporation is prosecuted, the aforementioned corporation shall be
represented by its board of director;
4) The board of directors representing the corporation as referred in paragraph (3) may be
represented by other persons;
5) The judge may order that the board directors of a corporation appear before the court themselves
and may also order that the board of directors be escorted to the court hearings;
6) In the event that criminal charges are brought against a corporation, the summons to appear
before the court and the dispatch of such summons shall be addressed to the residence of the
board of directors or their office;
7) The main sentence against a corporation shall only be in the form of fines providing that the
maximum punishment is increased by one-thirds
PERMA 13/2016
Corporation
A corporation shall be an organized group of persons and / or
assets both as legal entities as well as non-legal entities.
(Anti-Money Laundering Law & Anti-Corruption Law)
A criminal act committed by a corporation is a criminal act
committed by a person who has a working relationship or
other relationship, either individually or collectively, acting
for and on behalf of the corporation inside or outside the
corporate environment. (Article 3 of Supreme Court
Regulation No.13 / 2016)
Corporate Crime
Article 4 paragraph 2 Perma 13/2016:
Corporations can be penalized if:
- Obtaining an advantage or benefit from the crime or the crime is
committed for the benefit of the Corporation
- Allowing criminal acts to occur;
- Do not perform the necessary steps to:
take precautions; prevent a bigger impact; or ensure compliance with
applicable legal provisions in order to avoid criminal acts.
☎
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Materi anti korupsi singkat english version

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3. Law No.30/2002 as amended by Law No.19/2019 (Article 6) NON-COMMERCIAL USE •conduct corruption prevention activities; •coordinate with institutions authorized to combat acts of corruption and agencies in charge of delivering public services; •monitor the administration of state governance; •supervision of agencies authorized to carry out Corruption Eradication; •conduct preliminary investigations, investigations and prosecutions against acts of corruption; and •execution to implement judges' orders and court decisions that have permanent legal force. The Corruption Eradication Commission has the duty to:
  • 4. KPK’s 3 PRONGED Enforcement Prevention Public Involvement
  • 5. Seven types of corruption crimes according to Indonesia's anti-corruption law: 7
  • 6. Corruption cases handled by the KPK • Based on the type of profession or position (2004 – 2019) 297 from private sector
  • 7. Types of corruption cases (2004-2019) Bribery & Illegal gratification 6 8 3 C a s e s Procurement 2 0 6 C a s e s 66% 20% Misuse of government budget Money laundering Illegal fees Licensing Obstruction of justice 5% 3% 3% 2% 1% 48 Cases 36 Cases 26 Cases 23 Cases 10 Cases
  • 8.
  • 9. Video Perbedaan gratifikasi, suap dan pemerasan Sub - english
  • 10. Article 1 Referred to in this law as: 1. A corporation shall be an organized group of persons and/or assets both as legal entities as well as non-legal entities. 2. Civil Servants shall comprise: a. Civil servants as referred to in the Law Regarding Employment; b. Civil servants as referred to in the Criminal Code; c. Persons receiving salaries or wages from the state or regional treasury; d. Persons receiving salaries or wages from a corporation receiving assistance from state or regional treasury; e. Persons receiving salaries or wages from other corporations using capital or facilities of the state or the public. 3. Every person shall be considered an individual or a member of a corporation. Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 12. Article 5 (1) Any person(s) who: a. gives or promises something to a civil servant or state apparatus with the aim of persuading him/her to perform an action or not to perform an action because of his/her position in violation of his/her obligation; or b. gives something to a civil servant or state apparatus because of or in relation to something in violation of his/her obligation whether or not it is done because of his/her position, shall be sentenced to a minimum of 1 (one) year’s imprisonment and a maximum of 5 (five) year’s imprisonment and/or be fined a minimum of Rp50.000.000 (fifty million rupiahs) and a maximum of Rp250.000.000 (two hundred and fifty million rupiahs). (2) The civil servant or state apparatus who receives a payment or promise as referred to in paragraph (1) letter a or b shall be sentenced to the same jail term as that referred to in paragraph (1). Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 13. Article 6 (1) Anybody that: a. gives or promises something to a judge with the aim of influencing the decision of the case handed down to him/her for trial; or b. gives or promises something to an individual who according to the legislation is appointed a lawyer to attend a trial session with the aim of influencing the advice or views on the case referred to the court for trial, shall be sentenced to a minimum of 3 (three) years imprisonment an a maximum of 15 (fifteen) years imprisonment an be fined a minimum of Rp150.000.000 (one hundred and fifty million rupiahs) an a maximum of Rp750.000.000 (seven hundred and fifty million rupiahs). (2) the judge receiving the payment or promise as referred to in paragraph (1) letter a or the lawyer receiving the payment or promise as referred to in paragraph (1) letter b, shall be sentenced to the same jail term as that referred to in paragraph (1). Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 14. Article 11 A civil servant or state apparatus who receives a payment or a promise believed to have been given because of the power or authority related to his/her position or prize or promise which according to the contributor still has something to do with his/her position, shall be sentenced to a minimum of 1 (one) year’s imprisonment and a maximum of 5 (five) year’s imprisonment and be fined a minimum of Rp50.000.000 (fifty million rupiahs) and maximum of Rp250.000.000.000 (two hundred and fifty million rupiahs). Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 15. Article 12 a. A civil servant or state apparatus who receives a payment or a promise believed to have been given to encourage him/her to do something or not to do anything because of his/her position in violation of his/her obligation; b. A civil servant or state apparatus who receive a payment believe to have been given due to the fact that he/she has done something or has not done something in relation to his/her position in violation of his/her obligation; c. A judge that receives a payment or a promise believed to have been given to influence the verdict of the case handed down to him/her for trial; d. An individual who according to the legislation is appointed a lawyer to attend a trial session, then receives payment or promise believed to have been given to influence the advice or view on the case referred to the court for trial; shall be sentenced to life imprisonment or a minimum of 4 (four) year’s imprisonment and a maximum of 20 (twenty) year’s imprisonment and be fined minimum of Rp200.000.000 (two hundred million rupiahs) and a maximum of Rp1.000.000.000 (one billion rupiahs). Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 16. Article 13 Any person rendering gifts or promises to civil servants in view of the powers and authority attached to their respective ranks or positions, or deemed by the person rendering such gifts or promises to be attached to the aforementioned rank or position, shall be liable to a prison term not exceeding 3 (three) years and/or a fine not exceeding Rp 150,000,000 (one hundred and fifty million rupiah). Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 17. Article related to illegal gratuity
  • 18. Article 12B (1) Any gratification for a civil servant or state apparatus shall be considered as a bribe when it has something to do with his/her position and is against his/her obligation or task, with the provision that a. when the gratification amounts to Rp10.000.000 (ten million rupiahs) or more, it is the recipient of the gratification who shall prove that the gratification is not a bribe; b. when the gratification amounts to less than Rp10.000.000 (ten million rupiahs), it is the public prosecutor who shall prove that the gratification is a bribe. (2) A civil servant or state apparatus who is found guilty of the criminal offense as referred to in paragraph (1) shall be sentenced to life imprisonment or a minimum of 4 (four) year’s imprisonment and a maximum of 20 (twenty) year’s imprisonment and be fined a minimum of Rp200.000.000 (two hundred million rupiahs) and a maximum of Rp1.000.000.000 (one billion rupiahs). Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 19. Article 12C (1) The provisions as referred to in Article 12B paragraph (1) shall not be valid if the recipient reports the gratification to the Corruption Eradication Commission. (2) The recipient of gratification shall convey the report as referred to in paragraph (1) no later than 30 (thirty) working days after the gratification has been received. (3) The Corruption Eradication Commission within a period of 30 (thirty) working days at the latest after the receipt date of the report shall decide whether the gratification belongs to the recipient or the state. (4) The procedures for conveying the report as referred to in paragraph (2) and for determining, the status of the gratification as referred to in paragraph (3) shall be laid down in Law on the Corruption Eradication Commission. Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 20. Video gratifikasi yang wajib ditolak sub english
  • 21. Article related to extortion
  • 22. Article 12 e. A civil servant or state apparatus who intentionally benefits himself/herself or other people in violation of law, or by abusing his/her power forces a person to give something, pay, or receive discounted payment, or to do something for himself/herself; f. A civil servant or state who, at the time of performing task, asks, receives or cuts payment from other civil servant or state apparatus or from the general treasurer as if the other civil servant or state apparatus or the general treasurer owed him/her; g. A civil servant or state apparatus who, at the time of performing task, asks or receives job or goods from other party as if the latter owed him/her; h. A civil servant or state apparatus who, at the time of performing task, uses state land for which the right to use land has been issued, as if based on the law it has harmed the people entitled to it, while in fact the action violates the law; i. A civil servant or state apparatus who directly or indirectly takes part in a contract work, procurement, or lease, in which at the time the activities is carried out he/she is assigned to arrange or supervise it wholly or partially, shall be sentenced to life imprisonment or a minimum of 4 (four) year’s imprisonment and a maximum of 20 (twenty) year’s imprisonment and be fined minimum of Rp200.000.000 (two hundred million rupiahs) and a maximum of Rp1.000.000.000 (one billion rupiahs). Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 23. Article related to state financial losses
  • 24. Article 2 (1) Anyone unlawfully enriching himself and/or other persons or a corporation in such a way as to be detrimental to the finances of the state or the economy of the state shall be liable to life in prison, or a prison term of not less than 4 (four) years and not exceeding 20 (twenty) years and a fine of not less than Rp 200,000,000 (two hundred million rupiah) and not exceeding Rp 1,000,000,000 (one billion rupiah). (2) In the event that corruption as referred to in paragraph (1) is committed under certain circumstances, capital punishment may be applied. Explanation: What is meant by "certain conditions" in this provision is meant as a deterrent to the perpetrator of the criminal act of corruption if the crime is committed when the state is in a state of danger in accordance with the prevailing law, at the time of a national natural disaster, as a repetition of the criminal act of corruption or when the country is in a state of economic and monetary crisis. Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 25. Article 3 Anyone with the intention of enriching himself or other persons or a corporation, abusing the authority, the facilities or other means at their disposal due to rank or position in such a way that is detrimental to the finances of the state or the economy of the state, shall be liable to life imprisonment or a prison term of not less than 1 (one) year and not exceeding 20 (twenty) years and/or a fine of not less than Rp 50,000,000 (fifty million rupiah) and not exceeding Rp 1,000,000,000 (one billion rupiah). Law No.31/1999 jo. Law No.20 /2001
  • 27. Video pengelolaan hadiah di sector swasta sub english
  • 28. Article 20 of Anti-Corruption Law 1) In the event that corruption is committed by or on behalf a corporation, the charges and the sentence can be instituted against and imposed on the corporation and/or its board of directors; 2) Corruption is taken to be committed by a corporation if the conduct committed by individuals who are, based on working or other kind relationship, conducts within the scope of business corporation, both personally and collectively; 3) In the event that a corporation is prosecuted, the aforementioned corporation shall be represented by its board of director; 4) The board of directors representing the corporation as referred in paragraph (3) may be represented by other persons; 5) The judge may order that the board directors of a corporation appear before the court themselves and may also order that the board of directors be escorted to the court hearings; 6) In the event that criminal charges are brought against a corporation, the summons to appear before the court and the dispatch of such summons shall be addressed to the residence of the board of directors or their office; 7) The main sentence against a corporation shall only be in the form of fines providing that the maximum punishment is increased by one-thirds
  • 29. PERMA 13/2016 Corporation A corporation shall be an organized group of persons and / or assets both as legal entities as well as non-legal entities. (Anti-Money Laundering Law & Anti-Corruption Law) A criminal act committed by a corporation is a criminal act committed by a person who has a working relationship or other relationship, either individually or collectively, acting for and on behalf of the corporation inside or outside the corporate environment. (Article 3 of Supreme Court Regulation No.13 / 2016) Corporate Crime
  • 30. Article 4 paragraph 2 Perma 13/2016: Corporations can be penalized if: - Obtaining an advantage or benefit from the crime or the crime is committed for the benefit of the Corporation - Allowing criminal acts to occur; - Do not perform the necessary steps to: take precautions; prevent a bigger impact; or ensure compliance with applicable legal provisions in order to avoid criminal acts.
  • 31.

Editor's Notes

  1. For starters, I will explain that the KPK has an obligation to carry out its duties in eradicating corruption at 6 points. Prevention, coordination, monitoring, supervision, law enforcement against corruption (repressive), and execution of judges' orders and court decisions.
  2. The KPK has taken a three-step approach to eradicating corruption
  3. Seven types of corruption crimes according to Indonesia's anti-corruption law: First, actions against the law or abuse of authority resulting in losses to state finances. Second, bribery. Third, embezzlement in office Fourth, extortion. Fifth, Fraudulent Actions Sixth, conflict of interest in procurement Seventh, illegal gratuities Other criminal acts related to corruption: - Obstruct legal proceedings (obstruction of justice). The KPK has experience processing foreign citizens' laws which obstructed the legal process carried out by the KPK, where the defendants were later sentenced to 9 years in prison and sentenced to pay a fine. The KPK also has experience in processing criminal charges for foreigners who pay bribes to civil servants or state officials. - Delivering information about assets that are not true in the legal process or officials who do not take the legal action required in the legal process regarding assets - Providing false information in a corruption case or submitting a false report related to a corruption case
  4. Corruption crimes handled by the KPK Based on the type of profession or position 297 people is the largest number of convicts, who come from the private sector.
  5. f we look at the following table, based on KPK data from 2004 to 2019, we can see that the most cases are corruption related to bribery and illegal gratuities, as many as 683 cases or 66 percent of the total cases. The second most common type of cases is corruption related to procurement, around 20 percent. Procurement-related corruption cases can also lead to state financial losses. This should concern us all.
  6. A gift is basically a gift based on good faith and is not at all related to the position of a government official. The gift shifts to become a gratuity in Indonesian law when the recipient is a civil servant or state official. Turns into illegal gratification when fulfilling the element of the gift is related to the position and contrary to the duties or obligations. Usually it shifts to a bribe when the gift has a transactional element so that a civil servant or state official does something that is contrary to their duties or obligations.
  7. The legal subject in the anti-corruption law is every person, civil servant and state official. The definition of civil servants in the anti-corruption law has a broad meaning, namely a. Civil servants as referred to in the Law Regarding Employment; This is what we know in the state civil apparatus law. b. Civil servants as referred to in the Criminal Code; This is what we know as ambtenaar or office holders in the criminal law code in article 92. c. Persons receiving salaries or wages from the state or regional treasury; This is what we know as government employees at the central and regional levels. d. Persons receiving salaries or wages from a corporation receiving assistance from state or regional treasury; This is what we know as employees of state-owned or region-owned companies. e. Persons receiving salaries or wages from other corporations using capital or facilities of the state or the public. In theory, those who earn salaries from corporations that use capital or facilities from the state or society are included in the category of civil servants under the anti-corruption law. State Apparatus or state official are state officials who exercise executive, legislative, or judicial powers and other officials whose functions and tasks are related to state administration in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations.
  8. Article five regulates criminal provisions for the giver and recipient of bribes. The form of a bribe can be a gift or a promise. So we must be careful not to give gifts or promises that fall into the category of bribes.
  9. Article six regulates the criminal provisions for bribes givers and recipients. There is a weighting of criminal sanctions because article six regulates bribery of judges or lawyers.
  10. Article eleven regulates criminal provisions for civil servants or state officials who accept bribes. In practice, this article can be sufficiently imposed by proving that the element that the gift or promise is known or reasonably suspected because of the power or authority associated with his position or according to the mind of the person giving the gift or promise is related to his position. It does not need to be proven that the gift is transactional in nature, it is enough just to prove that the position of the recipient makes it possible to do the things that the giver wants.
  11. Article 12, letters a through d, regulates criminal provisions for civil servants, state officials, judges or lawyers who accept bribes. The criminal threat is very serious because it carries a life imprisonment. The form of accepting a bribe can be a gift or a promise.
  12. Article thirteen regulates the provisions on the party giving the bribe. Those who give gifts or promises because they are related to the position of a civil servant or are considered attached to the position or authority of a civil servant can be penalized. Imagine simply linking that a gift or promise made to a civil servant is deemed related to his position and authority to criminalize the bribe giver.
  13. Civil servants or state officials who receive illegal gratuities or gifts related to their position and contrary to their duties and obligations can be punished through this article. In the article related to gratification, there is also a procedural law for the process of evidence at trial. The value of ten million in this article is often misinterpreted as a limit on the value of being allowed to receive gratuities, even though this is very wrong. The value of ten million in this article is a limit related to reversing the burden of proof at trial. If the value is above ten million, the recipient is obliged to prove that the gratuity received is not a bribe.
  14. Article twelve is an article used as an excuse for negating prosecution. Civil servants or state administrators who report receipt of gratuities within thirty working days of receiving gratuities are deemed to have followed the provisions of the law and therefore will not be subject to criminal proceedings. In the process, the giver may still be subject to criminal sanctions if the gratuity has fulfilled the elements of a bribe. Therefore, we must be careful not to give gratuities which are considered bribes.
  15. Article 12 letter e through letter i, are articles related to extortion. If we report this crime of extortion to law enforcement officials, we will be protected and not prosecuted. Civil servants or state officials who commit extortion will be subject to criminal sanctions.
  16. It is necessary to remember that in relation to this article, the criminal act of corruption that harms state finances requires an element of illegal action in the process. So if there is an illegal act committed either by an individual or a corporation that enriches itself or another person or corporation that can harm the state finances or the country's economy, then it can be punished. So if there is no act against the law, for example because a business policy is taken according to the procedure then in the process it turns out that it causes losses to a state-owned company, then this cannot be penalized according to this article. Because these losses are caused purely due to business risks. It is also necessary to pay attention to the existence of a death penalty if corruption according to this article is committed under certain conditions, namely if the criminal act of corruption is committed when the state is in a state of danger in accordance with the applicable law, at the time of a national natural disaster, as a repetition of the criminal act of corruption. or when the country is in a state of economic and monetary crisis.
  17. What needs to be considered in this article is that there is an element of abusing the authority, opportunity or means available to him because of his position. The notion of misusing authority in simple terms can be described in the following forms. 1. Not exercising the authority as it should be 2. Using authority inappropriately. 3. Exceeding the limit of authority 4. Using authority deviates from its purpose. 5. Use of budgets that are not in accordance with their allocation. 6. Abuse of authority in the sense of doing something not in accordance with the procedures that should be used according to the provisions of the rules.
  18. Next we will discuss a little about corporate criminal liability
  19. According to the Law, the corporation may be prosecuted for corruption if the act of corruption committed by individuals (individually or collectively) within the scope of business of the corporation. This provision open a wide possibilities on the relationship basis between corporation and individuals who committed the offense, not limited to employment relationship only. The corporate liable as long as the offence committed within the scope of the corporation. Moreover, in circumstances where corruption is committed by a corporation, the prosecutor has the option to charge the corporation itself, the corporation’s board of directors, or both.
  20. Supreme Court Regulation Number 13 of 2016 regulates the procedures for handling criminal acts by corporations.
  21. According to the Law, the corporation may be prosecuted for corruption if the act of corruption committed by individuals (individually or collectively) within the scope of business of the corporation. This provision open a wide possibilities on the relationship basis between corporation and individuals who committed the offense, not limited to employment relationship only. The corporate liable as long as the offence committed within the scope of the corporation. Moreover, in circumstances where corruption is committed by a corporation, the prosecutor has the option to charge the corporation itself, the corporation’s board of directors, or both.