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1191 Tosaíonn muintir na
                              Seapáine ag ól tae ón tSín.


 1130: De dheasca triomach 1101: In iarthar na
                               1140: Bunaítear Ollscoil
                                hAfraice, bunaítear campa
 a bheith san áit ar a
                               Bologna.thart ar thobar nua.
                                trádála
 dtabharfar Arizona níos
 déanaí, tá ar mhuintir Anasazi Tabharfar Timbuktu ar an
1163 Tagann dúiche. ar an
 imeacht ón Temujin             gcampa.
saol is sléibhte Hentiyn Nuruu
ar an taobh ó thuaidh d’Ulan
Bator. Tabharfar Genghis
Khan air níos faide anonn.
Réaltnéal Frithchaithimh
Cloigeann Caillí (IC 2118).
Tá sé suite i réaltbhuíon Eridanus.
431 AD

An Traidisiún Béil
   Focal Scríofa
Gaeilge
Laidin
Cluain Mhic Nóis
Leabhar na hUidhre
Leabhar Laighean
  An Táin
Córas Manachais na hÉireann
Córas Manachais na hÉireann

Clann Shionaigh:
Ard Mhacha
Córas Easpóideach
An Ceangal ar an Eaglais
Drochbhail leis an Eoraip.
Triail amháin

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Triail amháin

Editor's Notes

  1. Chonaic muid sa tasc deireanach an dóigh ar thosaigh próiseas sa bhliain 431 a d’aistrigh de réir a chéile saíocht agus léann na Gaeilge ón mbéalaithrís go dtí an focal scríofa..
  2. Chonaic muid gur i laidin sna mainistreacha a tosaíodh a scríobh ach gur tharraing na manaigh an Ghaeilge orthu féin le himeacht aimsire agus gur tharraing filí na hÉireann an scríbhneoireacht orthusan chomh maith, rud a d’fhág gur i nGaeilge amháin a bhíothas ag scríobh ón 10ú haois ar aghaidh.
  3. Cé gur i gCluain Mhic Nóis timpeall 1100 a scríobhadh an lámhscríbhinn is ársa dár tháinig anuas chugainn (Leabhar na hUidhre), tá a fhios againn go rabhthas ag saothrú na Gaeilge sna mainistreacha agus in ionaid eile chomh fada siar leis an 8ú hAois de bharr gur féidir a chruthú gur bunaíodh cuid mhór de na téacsanna atá againn ar ábhar a bhí le fáil i bhfad roimhe sin.
  4. Mar shampla creidtear gur i lár an 7ú haois a céadscríobhadh síos an Táin; meastar gur file a bhí eolach ar léann na Laidine a scríobh. Ina ainneoin sin, níl aon leagan scríofa againn go dtí an 12ú nuair a scríobhadh i leithéidí Leabhair Laighean agus Leabhar na hUidhre. Beidh léacht eile againn ar an Táin níos déanaí sa bhliain.
  5. Faoin 11ú bhí meath ag teacht ar chóras manachais na hÉireann. Is tuataí den chuid is mó a bhí i gceannas ar na mainistreacha. Tionóntaí a bhíodh sna manaigh iontu agus na mic léinn mar scológa acu.
  6. Is sampla suntasach de seo scéal Chlann Shionaigh in Ard Mhacha.Chuaigh seilbh chomharbas Ard Mhacha i seilbh na clainne sin sa bhliain 957 agus d’fhan sí acu ar feadh céad go leith bliain ina dhiaidh cé gur tuataigh a bhí iontu den chuid is mó.Is iad féin a cheapadh an t-easpag agus is duine dá gcuid féin nó duine lag a cheapaidís i gcónaí.Is tuataigh, freisin, a bhí i mbun cúrsaí léinn agus litríochta, cé gur daoine iad a bhíodh oilte go maith sa chúram sin.
  7. D’fhág sé seo go léir go raibh drochbhail tar éis teacht ar eagraíocht na heaglaise in Éirinn le chéile agus sa deireadh cinneadh ar an scéal sin a leigheas.I rith an 12ú hAois tharla athruithe bunúsacha san Eaglais trí chéile.Neartaíodh an ceangal idir an Eaglais agus an Mhór-Roinn agus cuireadh cruth nua ar a córas riartha agus rialaithe. Chuaigh an córas easpagóideach chun cinn ar chóras na mainistreachta agus ba í an fhairche, nó an deoise, croílár na heaglaise ar an oileán feasta.
  8. Ach conas a chuaigh sé seo i bhfeidhm ar shaol an léinn agus na litríochta.Feicfidh muid sa léacht seo an dóigh ar leanadh de shaothrú na lámhscríbhneoireachta agus a léinn tar éis gur tháinig deireadh le ré an mhanachais in Éirinn sa 12ú hAois.Ach má tháinig deireadh le ré an mhanachais, níor laghdaíodh aon phuinn saothrú na litríochta Gaeilge san oileán.Conas a tharla seo? Agus cé a d’iompair an solas ar aghaidh chuig na chéad ghlúinte eile?Féachfaimid air seo sa chéad chuid eile den léacht seo tar éis ceacht beag a dhéanamh.