2. The Down syndrome (SD)
it is a genetic dysfunction
caused by the presence
of an extra copy of the
chromosome 21 (or a part
of the same one), instead
of both habitual (trisomía
of the couple 21)
Characterized by the presence of a variable grade of cognitive
discapacidad and some peculiar physical features that give him
a recognizable aspect. It is the most frequent cause in
congenital psychic cognitive discapacidad and it owes their
name to John Langdon Haydon Down that was the first one in
describing this genetic alteration in 1866, although he/she never
ended up discovering the causes that produced it. In July of 1958
a called investigating youth Jérôme Lejeune discovered that the
syndrome is an alteration in the aforementioned couple of
chromosomes.
3. The Down syndrome takes place more for the appearance of a
chromosome in the couple 21 original (three chromosomes: “trisomía”
of the couple 21) in the cells of the organism. The scientific
nomenclature for that chromosomal excess is 47, XX,+21 or
47, XY,+21; as it is a woman or of a male, respectively. Most of people
with this syndrome (95%), they owe the chromosomal excess to an
error during the first division meiótica (that for the one that the
gametes, ova or sperms, lose half of their chromosomes) calling you
to this variant, “free trisomía” or to regulate. The error owes himself in
this case to an incomplete disjunction of the genetic material of one of
the progenitors. (In the habitual formation of the gametes the couple
of chromosomes separates, so each progenitor only transmits the
information of one of each couple's chromosomes. When the
disjunction doesn't take place both chromosomes they are
transmitted). they are not known with accuracy the causes that
originate the erroneous disjunction. As in other similar processes they
have intended hypothesis multifactoriales (environmental
exhibition, cellular aging…) without it has been possible to establish
any direct relationship between any causing agent and the
appearance of the trisomía. The only factor that presents a stable
statistical association with the syndrome is the maternal age, what
seems to support the theories that make stress in the deterioration of
the genetic material with the step of the time.
In approximately 15% of the cases the extra chromosome is
transmitted by the sperm and in 85 remaining% for the ovum
4. The cells of the human being possess each one in their nucleus 23 couples of
chromosomes. Each progenitor contributes to his descendant half of the genetic
information, in form of each couple's chromosome. 22 of those couples are denominated
autosomas and the last one corresponds to the sexual chromosomes (X or AND).
Traditionally the couples of chromosomes are described and they name in function of
their size, of the couple 1 at the 22 (of bigger to smaller), more the aforementioned
couple of sexual chromosomes. The chromosome 21 are the smallest, in fact, for what
should occupy the place 22, but an error in the convention of Denver of the year 1960 that
the Down syndrome assigned to the couple 21 it has lasted until our days, staying for
practical reasons this nomenclature.
The chromosome 21 contain 1% of the genetic information of an individual
approximately in something more than 400 genes, although today in day it is only known
accurately the function of some few ones.
5. T R I U N O A S D
P R O C E S A O P
H A U O O I C D K
E Z N C C S L U O
M O W O Q T Y L P
I N X Q R E X I E
S A L T T M U M J
F M O P E A O B A
E I K S Z T Z I U
R E O A A U O C G
I N T U I C I O N
O T C W T K D S E
O O H C E R E D L
TRIUNO
NEO-BARK
HEMISPHERE
LÍMBICO PROCESSES REASONING
INTUITION
LANGUAGE
RIGHT SYSTEM
6.
7. Aquarius (01/20 - 02/18) Pisces (02/19 - 03/20) Aries (03/21 - 04/19)
Love: Your passion will be Love: Re-consider its options Love: Say what you think without
rewarded. It is time to stop before making a final decision. feeling guilty is a skill that must
this in the past. Stroke: The ideas will become still be developed.
Stroke: Maybe you should clearer when you see inside your Stroke: Now is the time to believe
think about starting your own heart. in yourself and succeed: Imagine
business? Health: Your health is good, but living the life you want and this
Health: You'll feel full of be careful when traveling. will happen.
energy during the next Money: There are strong Health: Rests appropriately if
indications that you have they have the opportunity.
month.
achieved total financial security. Money: You need money aside
Money: Do not be so hard to for something unexpected.
negotiate when: scare your
contractors and miss great
opportunities.
Taurus (04/20 - 05/20) Gemini (05/21 - 06/21) Cancer (06/22 - 07/22)
Love: Keep your eyes open Love: Do not be so hard with Love: Your passion will be
and not to reject all offers. your past, leave the hate recognized and rewarded
Stroke: It is time to organize behind. appropriately.
your tasks according to the Stroke: Not face serious Stroke: Your hours will change
priority of them. turbulence in your career when adjusted as you learn to
Health: Finally, it shows a this month. organize better.
high susceptibility to colds Health: Stop eating junk Health: You should think about
and flu. food. losing some weight.
Money: Do not be too happy Money: Finally, you can Money: Spend your money so
about your new situation. spend more money on extravagant
entertainment.
8. Leo (07/20 - 08/20) Virgo (09/21 - 10/21) Libra (11/22 - 12/22)
Love: Keep your eyes open Love: Do not be so hard with Love: Your passion will be
and not to reject all offers. your past, leave the hate recognized and rewarded
Stroke: It is time to organize behind. appropriately.
your tasks according to the Stroke: Not face serious Stroke: Your hours will change
priority of them. turbulence in your career when adjusted as you learn to
Health: Finally, it shows a this month. organize better.
high susceptibility to colds Health: Stop eating junk Health: You should think about
and flu. food. losing some weight.
Money: Do not be too happy Money: Finally, you can Money: Spend your money so
about your new situation. spend more money on extravagant
entertainment.
Sagitario (12/20 - 01/18) Escorpion (02/19 - 03/20) Capricornio (03/21 - 04/19)
Love: Your passion will be Love: Re-consider its options Love: Say what you think without
rewarded. It is time to stop before making a final decision. feeling guilty is a skill that must
this in the past. Stroke: The ideas will become still be developed.
Stroke: Maybe you should clearer when you see inside your Stroke: Now is the time to believe
think about starting your own heart. in yourself and succeed: Imagine
business? Health: Your health is good, but living the life you want and this
Health: You'll feel full of be careful when traveling. will happen.
energy during the next Money: There are strong Health: Rests appropriately if
indications that you have they have the opportunity.
month.
achieved total financial security. Money: You need money aside
Money: Do not be so hard to for something unexpected.
negotiate when: scare your
contractors and miss great
opportunities.
