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1. J A I N A R A Y A N V Y A S U N I V E R S I T Y
RESEARCH METHOD AND
STATISTICS
Submitted by: Geeta Choudhary
Submitted to: Prof.L.N. Bunker Sir
(Head Of Psychology Department)
2. What are variables? How we use
this in studying Research
Methods And Statistics?
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Variables
A variable is a quantity that may change within the context of a
mathematical problem or experiment.
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3. V A R I A B L E S
Simply, something that varies.
A variable is something that varies that can be
changed. It can be change in quality or quantity of a
unit or aquantity that may change within the context
of amathematical problem or experiment.
Specifically, variables represent persons or objects that can
be manipulated, controlled or merely measured for the sake
of research.
5. Indpendent Variable
It is the variable that can be manipulated by the
experimentor and is have a direct effect on the dependent
variable.
6. Dependent Variable
It is the effect of the change in independent variable.
Dependent variable are not controlled or manipulated
in any way, but instead are simply measured or
registered.
For example, the amount
of sunlight, water and
nutrition effects the
height and health of the
plant.
7. Constant Variable
It is the variable that do not change throughout the
experiment.
Constant variable is also known as control variable.For
example, the shape or color of a thing.
8. Shorter life span
Intervening Variable
variable
It is the variable that effects the other variable.
Poverty
Dependent
Independent Lackof accessto health care variable
Intervening
variable
9. These are the variables that could effect the dependent
variable, the experimentor needs to control such variables. For
example noise,temperature, light etc.
The extraneous variable may also be related to the individual
characteristic of each participant that may also effect their
response such as mood, anxiety, intelligence and motivation.
Extraneous Variable
10. Research cannot be possible without taking into consideration
measurable factors that are subject to change due to circumstances.
Anything that can vary in research due to circumstances is called a
variable. However, based on what has been learnt in the current
research course, the principle aim of this paper is to explain in parts,
how the types of variables, the relationship between dependent and
independent variables and their importance can be used in research.
Useof Variables in Research
