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這個年代, 我們見證了華爾街的貪婪、各型企業的殞落。 曾經輝煌的企業、領導人,他們成功的途徑各不相同, 但讓他們一敗塗地的原因,卻驚人的雷同……
商場上沒有保證成功的公式, 卻有 10 件事能讓你成為「極其成功的輸家」
華倫‧巴菲特最信賴的企業經營者, 比爾‧蓋茲最熱愛的演說家── 可口可樂前總裁 唐納德‧基歐   與您分享 「這 10 件事不要做,你就掌握了 99% 的成功要素。」
 
一九八○年代的《財星》五百大企業, 如今有 230 家已經消失。 一九○○年代初期創立的百大企業, 如今只剩下 16 家。 ------ 在資本主義的墓地裡,有多少塊墓碑應該刻寫 如下的墓誌銘:「葬於此處的是一家因為未能 冒險而消亡的公司。」 每個大型企業都有段冒險開創的故事, 而已經消失的那些,也因為不再冒險而衰亡。
1930 年代的可口可樂董事會, 沒人相信經濟大蕭條下,海外市場有任何機會。 1939 年,可口可樂高層視六‧五盎司的綠色玻璃瓶為永不可分割的產品象徵。 1954 年,面對百事可樂的威脅,他們稱其為很快就會破產的「那個仿冒者」。 每個不知變通的危機,都足以讓可口可樂公司瓦解。但也因為主事者發現問題,才能挽回頹勢。 ------ 不知變通的代價,您可從亨利‧福特身上看得一清二楚。
雖然獨占所有的聚光燈,不必然是失敗的保證, 卻勢必會造成極度的孤立。 最成功的人士,通常都有自謙的特質, 他們總是讓別人成為媒體報導的明星, 唯有當事情出錯了,他們才會站出來承擔責任。 ------ 希特勒有只告訴他好消息的秘書; 邱吉爾有只通報壞消息的部門。 你要將自己孤立在好消息中嗎?
「錯誤已經造成」「我們最懂」 「顧客通常很麻煩,有問題永遠可以賴到他們身上。」 已消失的全美第二大酒商、通用汽車、可口可樂…… 很不幸,數不清的例子橫在眼前, 管理階層那種不可能犯錯的強硬態度依然一再重演。 ------ 沒有不會犯錯的領導人,但犯了錯能像巴菲特一樣處理的人,少之又少。
許多公司先是讓華爾街分析師踏入前院, 接著進到大廳,再來是廚房,然後深入客廳。 到最後,許多人某天醒來,赫然發現分析師躺在你旁邊。 然後,你會有個搖滾明星財務長,和一份完美的假財報。 ------ 根本沒有所謂「商業道德」這個東西。 就只有「道德」而已。
有時間思考並不是奢侈的事,而是必要的事。 當一個新構想變得令人振奮,往往會形成「群體意志」, 越來越多人覺得這是正確的決定, 累積的動能大到勢不可擋, 沒有人想潑冷水,每個人都渴望促成其事, 以致於很難保持純粹理性的思考。 ------ 先入為主的觀念,會讓我們忘了思考。
20 萬次的口味測試、堅定無比的市調證據、撲天蓋地的 行銷計畫、龐大的新口味研究團隊、行銷專家、市場調 查公司……都證明一件事──可口可樂需要換新口味。 1985 年,「新可樂」在此銳不可擋的氣勢下誕生。 接著是 40 萬封的電話和信件客訴、五千人的杯葛新可樂 示威遊行、全國爆發囤積舊可樂事件,最後,我們召開 記者會宣佈重新上市舊可樂。 ------ 在你接受外面專家給你的答案前, 請先自己看到真正的問題在哪裡。
金錢通常不是員工離職的原因,工作的困難度也不是。 真正的原因往往是官僚體制! 因為他們沒辦法完成工作,他們感到很挫折。 我的工作就是「保持走道淨空」, 好讓我們最聰明的同事能完成他們的工作。  ------ 官僚永遠不會跟你說「不」, 他們只是不在你想做事的時候,做你想做的事。
公司有一個行之久遠的傳統,那就是無論業績好壞, 管理階層和業務人員每年都會辦奢華的「業務會議」。 在我推行的諸多變革當中, 其中一項就是,公司不再獎勵差勁的表現, 因為他們必須清楚,不可以花用他們沒有賺到的錢。 ------ 混淆的訊息就是: 「你做什麼都沒關係。反正你還是會得到獎賞。」
你對世界的看法,將形塑你對生活和未來的態度。 如果你相信所有的恐懼, 那麼就永遠沒有所謂開創任何事物的好時機。 但如果你信奉創業家必備的創造力, 那麼幾乎任何時候都是開創事業的好時機。 ------ 如果你渴望在商場上躍居任何一種領先地位, 你就得是一個樂觀主義者。
總有一天,你不會再做你此刻正在做的事。 因此對於你所做的每一項工作, 請都把它當成你的最後一項工作。 無論工作的內容是什麼,你都要下定決心, 讓那項工作在你離開崗位時,比你當初找到它時變得更好。 ------ 熱愛你的顧客、你的品牌、你的員工,還有你的夢想。
如果你 放棄冒險 不知變通 自我孤立 自以為永遠不會犯錯 遊走在道德尺度邊緣 不願花時間思考 盡信外部專家 熱愛官僚制度 傳遞混雜訊息和懼怕未來 你一定會失敗
你也永遠有機會避開這些陷阱,邁向成功!
「而整個世界都將會是你的舞台。」 ── 莎士比亞
 

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《最珍貴的教訓》Donald Keough