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Introduction to Vines and
Wines
Hort/VE 113 Fall 2012
Session 1-Introduction
Introduction to Vines and Wines
INSTRUCTOR: Dr. John Fellman (335-
3454), 51 Johnson Hall,
fellman@wsu.edu
TEACHING ASSISTANT: James Crabb
(335-6586), 139 Johnson Hall
james.crabb@email.wsu.edu
ANGEL Course Management
Lecture materials, web assignments and
e-mail are posted through the class
learning site on ANGEL. University of
Idaho students have been provided
access through their “Friends of
WSU” accounts.
The URL for ANGEL is lms.wsu.edu.
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How did wine grapes get their
name?
Vitis vinifera
–Vitis = from latin “vine”
–vinifera = “wine making”
Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’
Genus species cultivated variety
“Syrah” is also known as “Shiraz” This grape is
Syrah is also known as Shiraz This grape is
quickly becoming one of the most popular
wine grapes to grow and to drink!
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Concord-type grapes
are Vitis labrusca.
•They are one of the native fruits found in the U.S.
•These grapes are often called “fox” grapes.
Note the fuzzy lower surface of a
juice grape leaf.
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A direct descendant of the Concord. In 1868
C.L. Hoag and B.W. Clark of Niagara County,
N.Y.made a cross of ‘Concord’ with white
‘Cassady’ grape.
Botanical description of grapes:
• Woody perennial vine
• Fruit is a true berry
History of grape production
• Evidence of wine from about 7.5
thousand years ago--where?
• Domestication of grapes began about
5,000 years ago.
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History of grape production
A wine press, in front
of an archaeological
identification kit, and a
vat, to the right of the
press, were found in a
cave near an Armenian
village. The equipment
dates back 6,000 years,
scientists say. (Gregory
Areshian)
"This is the oldest confirmed example of winemaking by a thousand
years," said Gregory Areshian, an archaeologist and co-director of
the dig. "People were making wine here well before there were
pharaohs in Egypt."
Source: Washington Post Article January 11, 2011
History of grape production
• Grapes also track development of
Western civilization!
H2 haplotype of
Y chromosome
follows this
migration
pattern as well.
History of grape production
The ancient Romans and
Egyptians are credited
with the first wine
produced on a regular
basis:
b i :
• Domestication of the
vines
• Wine used as a trade
product
• Part of the culture
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From: Wine Science 2nd ed. By R.S. Jackson
Temperature isotherms
From: Wine Science 2nd ed. By R.S. Jackson
Ideal Climate
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Ideal Climate
Economic$
What is the value of grape production
in the U.S.?
• In 2011 the total value of all grapes
2011,
(fresh, dried and processed) was $4.3
Billion.
• WASHINGTON? In the Top 10 of
US!
Production Economy
In 2011 U.S. grape production,
Washington ranked:
• Number 1 in juice grapes (“Concord” and
“Niagara”)
Niagara )
• Number 2 in wine grapes
Source http://nass.usda.gov
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Economic$
In 2011, the Washington grape crop was
worth:
– Juice: $ 49.2 Million
– Wine: $ 189.4 Million
NOTE: These are actual values
for the grapes
Economic$
In 2011, the California grape crop was
worth about $3.9 Billion
– Wine: $ 2.1 Billion
– Table: $ 950 M
– Raisin: $ 865 M
– Juice: the “residue”
• Source http://nass.usda.gov
http://www.youtube.com/wa
J
tch?v=TJnHLdGxhlc
Vintage - A History of Wine
Part 1
Hugh Johnson
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