Computer storage can be quantified in bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes. A byte represents a single character that can be stored. A kilobyte equals 1,000 bytes and can store thousands of characters. A megabyte is equal to 1,000,000 bytes, while a gigabyte is equal to 1,000,000,000 bytes and can store billions of characters. Common computer storage devices include hard drives, USB sticks, floppy disks, memory cards, and CDs/DVDs, with hard drives being the most widely used internal storage medium in computers today.