Future World Smart Cities Sustainable Urban Areas Smart Green Cities Smart Sustainable Cities Future Cities

1. THE FUTURE WORLD CITIES: The Smart Sustainable
Cities™ for the World’s 100 largest Urban Areas
Azamat Sh. Abdoullaev, i-Community (Nation & City) Independent Consultant
Invited at Smart City 360 Summit & S2CT 2015, International Conference on Smart Sustainable City
Technologies, 13 - 16 October 2015 -Toronto/Bratislava
INTRODUCTION: The Sustainable Cities of Tomorrow
In a fast urbanizing world, the global sustainable development largely depends on building urban sustainability
with smart urbanism and intelligent urbanization: “the only path to sustainable development is through
sustainable cities, while most of the world’s media and political leadership focus on national and international
geopolitical issues: the economic crises in Europe, climate change, the Arab Spring, the “war on terror,” China’s
ascendancy.” (World Bank, the Partnership for Sustainable Cities).
It is estimated that by 2025 two-thirds of the world’s population is likely to live in urban areas, with 95 per cent
of the urban population growth in the developing world cities.
Today’s cities already contain more than 50 per cent of the world’s population, account for 75 per cent of global
energy consumption and emit 70 per cent of greenhouse gas.
Some 80% of the EU's gross domestic product and almost 90% of China's GDP are produced in the urban
communities, concentrating social live, science and technology, culture, trade, business and people, while beset
with aging technical, economic and social infrastructure.
It’s increasingly recognized that the integrated urban paradigm of “Smart Sustainable Cities” could be a silver
bullet solution for a comprehensive sustainable urban growth in the 21st century, the century of cities [1].
As an example, in China, the accumulated investment in smart and green cities developments is to exceed 2
trillion yuan by 2025, while new India’s government is planning to attract about1$1.2 trillion for its 100 smart
cities over the next 20 years.
It is increasingly realized that future city strategy and policy, intelligent design and integrated planning,
innovation and technology are the bedrock of the smart sustainable city, where the advanced information and
communication technology (ICT) and eco-engineering solutions, with intelligent social capital, are getting the
leading role in essentially improving the performance of city systems, services and operations, raising the
quality of life and well-being for its citizens [2-3].
In brief, a true future world city is an urban entity in which all the key dimensions of sustainable development,
social or human, economic or technological, ecological or environmental, are taken into account in an integrated
way. Then it makes an urban system where three innovative cities in one, the Urban Trinity of Information
Cyber Digitally Smart City, Intelligent/Knowledge Socially Inclusive City and Ecological/Clean, Green, Nature-
Wise City.
Trademarked as a Smart Sustainable City™, Sustainable Smart City™, Green Intelligent City™, Smart Green
City™, Green Smart City™, or Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive City™, it all was copyrighted in our e-books in
2009-2010, and publicly presented in the keynote at the 11th IEEE International Conference on Computer and
Information Technology (CIT-2011) [1].
FROM SMART TO FUTURE CITIES: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
As with any critical idea, there’s a lot of confusion over what comprises “the city of the future”, dubbed as
'knowledge', 'digital', and 'cyber', “eco”, ”green”, “sustainable”, “smart” or “intelligent” city, or the City 2.0, as
awarded the Ted Prize 2012 as an idea on which the planet’s future is depending on [4].
The lack of the overall conception of the real Smart City, or what true "smart city" means and how it should be
implemented, is resulting in the over-costly ventures and unsustainable public projects. Many Smart Cities
projects are focused on fragmented “smart city” projects, special issues, specific goals and outcomes, without
drawing distinctions between the whole and its parts, the unified urban entity, and its technologies, applications,
and systems [1].
At the Pan-European Smart Cities and Communities Communication Launch Event, the Smart Sustainable
City™ Unifying Model, applied by the author for a specific green field locality in EU, Cyprus, in 2009-2010,
has been showcased by the European Commission as a European Smart City Prototype for cities and
communities [5-7].
FUTURE WORLD CITIES: Smart Sustainable Cities Azamat Abdoullaev 2011-2015 Page 1

2. It had resulted with setting up the European Innovation Partnership on Smart Cities and Communities with its
Action Clusters: Business models; Citizen Focus; Integrated infrastructure & processes; Policy & Regulations /
Integrated planning; Sustainable Districts and Built Environment; Sustainable Urban Transport [8].
However, still many decision makers, urban authorities, major corporations, academics and lay people continue
to take an atomistic view of smart cities by seeing them as just places that make better use of ICT or energy-
efficient applications or social intelligence, research and innovation.
Meantime, the world is expected to experience an unprecedented urban expansion and city-building over the
next few decades. It’s estimated that £13tn will be spent in developing and regenerating urban spaces between
now and 2020, and a lion portion of $1.2 trillion is expected to be invested in ICT and “smart” urban
infrastructure over the next decade.
Regardless its life-critical value for the urbanizing world, the smart city cause is being held back by a lack of
clarity, consensus and understanding of what kind of urban future community it is, what the key components of
a smart city really are, and what global impact and implications are expected.
This affects the slow maturity of the demand side, the development of standards, deployments of smart city
protocols, the arrival of investment and funding from the government, sovereign wealth funds, venture capital or
crowdfunding.
This arrests the shifting of Smart Cities into the mainstream: the national and local governments are reluctant to
commit public policy and finance to smart city development, deployments of smart city protocols and operating
platforms and smart technologies as the norm in urban environment, spatial planning, transport, energy,
development, buildings, safety and security in cities.
DEFINING INTELLIGENT CITY OF THE FUTURE: WHAT IT IS ABOUT
Within the public policy and global practice there exists confusion about what is the smart city of the future,
what contributes to it, and what are the outcomes and impacts of tomorrow’s urban settlement. There is currently
a lack of consensus about its real meaning, scope and scale. Different sectors and sides approach the concept
from the perspective of their own business interests and objectives, and so the meaning of future cities varies
widely.
In search of better definition, a Smart City is increasingly viewed by academic and commercial worlds as an
assortment, a mixed bag of six characteristics, Smart Economy; Smart People; Smart Governance; Smart
Mobility; Smart Environment; and Smart Living, where each characteristics is defined by a few number of
factors, while each factors, by a large contingent number of indicators. This makes only a component definition,
breaking down a single urban entity into a series of components, dimensions or domains, and having no added
value as any commercial research-specific or focused definitions, sacrificing a whole for the parts.
Then what exactly is a SMART or INTELLIGENT or SUSTAINABLE or ECO or FUTURE City?
First and foremost, it’s a new kind of urban entity as opposing to our convenient city, call it a DUMB City,
where seemingly most current cities belong in. The DUMB City, or the City 1.0, is where a city life
characterized by waste and mindless dissipation of resources, assets and capital, by consuming, using and
expending thoughtlessly and carelessly, natural resources, physical capital, financial assets, and intellectual
resources. According to the former EU IT Commissioner, it is one where we produce and throw away too much,
have too much traffic, waste too much energy, and consume the power, devastate nature, destroy environment,
and ignore intelligence of too many citizens [9].
It is plain, SMART is different, essentially different. But what is it about?
First of all, it's about using ICT to capture, spread and process information: to deliver urban services that are
better and more integrated.
It's about using ICT to better manage complex urban systems and secure intelligent urbanization.
It's about using LCT (low carbon technology) and ecological principles to secure the sustainability of the natural
environment and rational increases in urbanization.
It's about cutting waste, cutting unnecessary emissions and cutting the use of resources, energy, water and
materials.
It's about tapping into the potential of our people: empowering them to organise their own communities and
improve their own environment.
It’s about harnessing natural forces and resources with the use of advanced digital city infrastructure.
It’s about eco engineering, green infrastructure and natural environment.
It’s about an intelligent urban eco-sustainable environment.
It’s about a network distributed operating system to keep urban systems, infrastructures, and facilities, and
services, as buildings, traffic, utilities, and public functions, running smoothly and smartly.
It is about a common Service Delivery Platform (SDP), or Urban Operating System (UOS) sitting on the central
data management cloud platform, which stores, tags and processes large data sets maximizing the economies of
scope and scale across its multiple infrastructure layers.
It’s about a cloud computing unified platform for facilities, applications, sensors, and data.
FUTURE WORLD CITIES: Smart Sustainable Cities Azamat Abdoullaev 2011-2015 Page 2

3. It is about a knowledge innovation zone (KIZ), where knowledge flows from the point of origin to the point of
application, where ideas could be transmitted and printed out as physical objects in any parts of the digital
world.
It is about a knowledge city, developed in harmony with the natural environment, to create prosperity, safety,
and a high quality of life.
It is about a knowledge-based infrastructure, society, and economy, where priority value is assigned to arts,
science and technology, creativity, brainpower, ideas, know-how, intellectual capital, and intangible assets.
It’s finally about smart infrastructure, smart economy (competitiveness), smart people (social and human
capital), smart governance (participation), smart mobility (transport and ICT), smart environment (natural
resources), or smart living (quality of life).
SMART COMMUNITIES AND CITIES PROTOTYPE, or What Does It Take To Be a
Smart City of the Future?
Regardless the diversity and complexity of the topic, three distinctive aspects of the city of the future still could
be clearly identified.
Some Smart Cities focus heavily on education, lifelong learning, personal growth, innovation, and intellectual
capital development, so referred to as Knowledge or Learning Cities, or Living Urban Laboratories.
Others call themselves Digital Cities, Web Cities, Cybercities, Internet Cities, or Ubiquitous Cities. Driven
primarily by investments from large ICT vendors such as Cisco and IBM, prioritizing their specific corporate
agenda, this approach is aimed at enabling every person and every thing to be massively interconnected through
a complex array of high-speed networks, servers and data warehouses.
A third type is the Eco-City, which focuses on environmental sustainability through the widespread adoption of
renewable resources. On the local level, the Masdar project in the United Arab Emirates takes this concept to
the point of being totally self-contained in a “carbon-neutral” sense. On the global level, the World Bank
launched the Eco2 Cities Program to “provide practical and scalable, analytical and operational support for
cities in developing countries to achieve ecological and economic sustainability”, partnering with government,
NGO and private sector organizations to help pilot Eco2 Cities develop [10].
Up to date, there is no agreed definition of an Intelligent City regardless its huge promises and prospects for the
fast urbanizing world.
As a result, the Smart City cause is being held back among public and private sector leaders, citizens and
community activists, multidisciplinary professionals and experts by a lack of standards and consensus and
working definition. Namely, what a smart city is and what the components of a smart city actually are and how
they relate to the legacy cities, the physical cities, the traditional centers of trade, industry, culture, government,
education, and social life.
The legacy cities could be rated as the City 1.0, designed to meet basic physiological, security and social needs,
but marked by physical proximity, massive production and consumption, obsolete infrastructure, heavy traffic,
environmental destruction, energy shortage, and social crime, overpopulation, complicated social relations and
poor urban governance system, if any. Meantime, the City 1.0, populating a bigger part of the world’s
population, is responsible for around 80% of global carbon emissions, consuming around 75% of the world’s
resources, while occupying only 2% of global land area, creating huge physical and social infrastructure
challenges.
A typical technical approach is seen from the following definition of the City 2.0, or the i-City, as a city which
optimises its key resources by leveraging data by employing innovative digital services layers, using embedded
sensing & control, analytics and ubiquitous communications, which maximises the economies of scope and
scale across its multiple infrastructure layers through a common service delivery platform, or Urban Operating
System (“Urban OS”). A close position is to view the Smart City as an information system that provides digital
network management, servicing and decision making functions for complex systems, having different meanings
for different stakeholders (academics, providers, systems integrators, operators, and citizens) [10]. [For more on
the Smart City Business Models, see the Corporate Reports on Smart Cities in [1]].
There is a dividing line between two different kinds of Future City, the City 2.0, a narrow view of smart cities as
applying some specific ICT solutions in some fragmented sectors, and the City 3.0, a broad, innovative and
integrated approach as systematically applying the intelligently integrated ICT Concepts, Technologies, and
Solutions, as the WWW X.0 Concepts (Global Computing Ontology, Web 2.0, and Semantic Web, or Web 3.0),
Future Internet concepts (Intelligent Cloud Computing, Internet of Things, Intelligent Systems, Physical-
Cybernetic Systems, Smart Mobile Applications) and Green Environmental Technologies.
Based on our research and experience of creating the EU Prototype Model City, an Intelligent City of the
Future, we must follow an innovative, holistic methodology and integrated vision as far as a Sustainable City
3.0 is viewed as a complex dynamic high-technological ecosystem of systems, technological, territorial, social,
economic, environmental and cultural. For, in the true Smart City, the real, social and the virtual worlds are
converging, bringing greater efficiency, new opportunities, as well as new challenges.
FUTURE WORLD CITIES: Smart Sustainable Cities Azamat Abdoullaev 2011-2015 Page 3

4. A truly Intelligent City is nothing but three innovative cities in one, or the 3.0 City, the Urban Trinity of
Information Cyber City, Intelligent/Knowledge City and Ecological/Clean city [1] The fully sustainable
city, the Trinity City, or the 3.0 City, is to merge the Cyber/Digital, Natural/Ecological, and Social/Intelligent
Spaces. Such a City of the Future is a key node of the Smart World of the Tomorrow, or the 3.0 World, with
smart communities, buildings, infrastructure, government, intelligence, education, healthcare, public safety,
telecom, banking, retail, stimulus, work, traffic, transport, computing, products, food, energy, oil, and water.
In all, a true sustainable community is to be a physically efficient, digitally smart, socially intelligent, and
ecologically sustainable community, driven by physical capital, natural capital, social capital and digital capital,
converging physical assets and digital assets, natural resources and knowledge assets.
Then to create a future-oriented Smart City System Framework, it is necessary to merge three
communities/cities, all planned, developed and managed as the integral parts:
I. Digital/ICT/Hi-Tech/Ubiquitous/Cyber Community (Digital/Information Capital; Multi-Play
Telecom Network, ICT spaces/systems/applications, Ubiquitous Computation, Network-integrated Real
Estate, Virtual Lifestyle)
II. Sustainable/Ecological/Green/Zero-Carbon/Zero-Waste/Eco Friendly/Solar Community (Natural
Capital; Green Energy Network, Real Eco Estate, Green Lifestyle)
III. Knowledge/Learning/Innovation/ /Intelligent/Science/Intellectual/LivingLab/Creative/Human
City/Noopolis Community (Knowledge Capital; Collective Intelligence, Territorial Innovation Systems,
Knowledge Triangle/Square/Grid/Ecology, Intelligent/Smart Lifestyle)
So, communities, urban or global, should be holistically modeled as a dynamic organism, complex composites,
systems or super-networks: the networks of networks and systems of systems, such as land and environment,
transportation, energy, water, waste, logistics, telecommunications, real estates, services, government,
institutions, businesses, or social communities.
The fully sustainable community is by nature the Trinity Community, or Community Trinity, the 3.0
Community, merging the Cyber/Digital, Natural/Ecological, and Social/Intelligent Spaces, like as a religious
concept of the Holy Trinity uniting the Father and Son and the Holy Ghost in one Godhead. According to the
Trinity Community approach, a fully sustainable community of tomorrow is to be a physically efficient,
digitally smart, socially intelligent and inclusive, and ecologically sustainable, and driven by the digital capital
converging physical capital, natural capital, and social capital.
The Smart Urban Community of the Future (the 3.0 City and more) is then an intelligent cyber-physical social
ecosystem run by the centralized intelligence management platform of Sustainable Digital Infrastructure. It is to
include Intelligent Community Software, Smart Cloud Computing Systems, Intelligent Optical
Telecommunications Networks, RES and the Internet of Things technologies (as pervasive and ubiquitous
computing and real-life embedded systems, smart mobile applications and wireless semantic sensor networks).
Being unrestricted with the size and type of communities, such a working definition is inclusive to widely
practiced commercially focused definitions, typical for major ICT corporations, like IBM, Cisco and Huawei: “a
city that has deployed and integrated on a large scale advanced ICT, including wireless and broadband
connections, advanced analytics software and intelligent sensors…” [11a].
Or, in similar ways: "an innovative city that uses ICTs and other means to improve quality of life, efficiency of
urban operation and services, and competitiveness, while ensuring that it meets the needs of present and future
generations with respect to economic, social and environmental aspects". The latter research-specific focused
definition is confusingly equated with our original concept of smart sustainable city by the Focus Group on
Smart Sustainable Cities (FG SSC) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) [11b].
In general, the 3.0 Community (ranging from the 3.0 World to 3.0 City to 3.0 Local Community) is emerging in
the quest for intelligent globalization and sustainable growth and economic development and smart governance
for cities, regions, countries, and global virtual communities, as well as for enterprises, industries and
economies, local, regional and global.
It is to emerge as the Future Internet enabled globally distributed intelligent community, which while grounded
in geographic space and time, is virtually unbounded by space and time, having unlimited capacity for global
richness and reach. Its key technical manifestation is the ICT ecosystem of smart devices, high-speed ubiquitous
communication networks and intelligent software and services.
In essence, the cornerstone of Intelligent City is its Centralized Intelligence, defined as Intelligent SPD, or
UOS, or i-City Technology Matrix, deployed in the Cloud Computing Platform delivering a smart control,
management, operation and monitoring to public works and services, and generating an internet-enabled
intelligent environment for all activities of the city, local and global.
In all, smart cities of the future should be regarded as territorial ecosystems of people interacting with the
circular flows of information, energy, materials, services and financing to catalyse intelligent sustainable
development, resilience, inclusiveness, and high quality of life; becoming eco intelligent through strategic use of
eco-innovative solutions and advanced information and communications infrastructure and services in a process
FUTURE WORLD CITIES: Smart Sustainable Cities Azamat Abdoullaev 2011-2015 Page 4

5. of integrated policy, regulations, planning and management as responsive to the ecological, technological,
cultural, social and economic needs of society [7-8].
Thus, the cities/regions/countries/global communities that will thrive and prosper in this era fall under
the generations of “Smart Sustainable Communities”, “Smart or Intelligent Cities” or “Eco Regions” or
“Intelligent Nations”, those capable of implementing the ICT platform-based integrated infrastructures,
physical, technological, economic, social and ecological, to emerge as territorial cyber-physical intelligent
ecosystems.
THE WORLD CITIES PROJECT cum THE SMART SUSTAINABLE CITIES GLOBAL
INITIATIVE
To advance sustainable urbanization across the globe, we promote combining 3 sustainable urbanism initiatives:
1. The EU’s World Cities project, which aims to promote long-term working relations between cities of
the EU and non-EU partner countries [12-14].
2. The Smart Sustainable Cities Global Initiative advanced by the EIP on Smart Cities and
Communities Open Market [15]
3. The World Bank Partnership for Smart and Sustainable Cities
“World Cities is a project of the Directorate General for Regional and Urban Policy (DG REGIO) of the
European Commission in the framework of the European Parliament’s preparatory action to promote the
exchange of experience and best practice between the European Union and third countries on the theme of
territorial development with particular reference to urban development, urban-rural partnership and urban cross-
border cooperation. It involves selecting the pilot cities from such countries as China, India, Japan, Canada, as
well as Europe with a view to replicate “the European cities extensive experience in dealing with urbanisation
challenges, in developing smart, green, inclusive and mostly attractive cities with a high quality of life”.
Mostly, the initiative is expanding the EU-China smart and green city cooperation [13].
It will be proposed to consider the world’s 100 largest urban areas, from Abidjan to Hong Kong to London to
Moscow to Rio De Janeiro to Singapore to Yangon as smart sustainable cities pilots.
It is assumed that the Cities of tomorrow have to deal with challenges in an integrated, holistic way by adopting
and applying a holistic model of development across different levels and sectors (social, economic,
environmental and energy, cultural and political components). Future cities need to adopt an integrated, coherent
and holistic approach (across sectors, governance levels and territories) in their vision of the future to strive for
and the foresight strategy to get their, unified planning and coordinated development, embracing the social,
economic, environmental and territorial dimensions of urban, national and regional development [14].
As said, the future of the world will be decided by the quality of its cities, and it is expected that by 2020 over
40 urban areas will turn into Smart Cities.
The Smart Cities Global Initiative is concerned about the large variety of narrow technical visions, models and
approaches in which on many occasions “the push towards smart cities is being led by the wrong people –
technology companies with naïve visions and short term commercial goals–, while the architects, planners and
scientists often struggle to share their specific knowledge”.
It advances a holistically comprehensive “smart city” development strategy covering land and energy, transport
and mobility, information and communications, as well as water and waste; economy and business; education
and health; safety and security; food and consumption; government and public services; environment and nature.
That is why this initiative is looking for megacities, municipalities, communities or brand new cities that are
following a smart community development strategy aiming to unify all the city systems, services, operations,
activities, departments and agencies as a sustainable smart urban ecosystem.
The world cities have potential capacity to take profit of the intelligent resources offered through the Smart
Cities Global Initiative provided that the city has a strong leadership and that it has strong intentions to invest
intelligent and financial capital into smart and sustainable urban development [15].
Overall, the Future World Cities project is aimed to create the cities of the future as territorial ecosystems of
people interacting with the circular flows of information, energy, materials, services, people and financing to
catalyse intelligent sustainable development, resilience, inclusiveness, and high quality of life; thus becoming
green and intelligent through strategic use of eco-innovative solutions and advanced information and
communications infrastructure and services in a process of integrated policy, regulations, planning and
management as responsive to the ecological, technological, cultural, social and economic needs of society.
As a result, the Cities of tomorrow are to become places of advanced social progress and social inclusiveness;
platforms for direct digital democracy, creativity, culture and diversity; places of green, ecological or
environmental regeneration; hubs of knowledge, technology, innovation and smart business, and places of
attraction and motors of inclusive socio-economic green growth and sustained development, or Smart
Sustainable Cities™.
FUTURE WORLD CITIES: Smart Sustainable Cities Azamat Abdoullaev 2011-2015 Page 5

6. REFERENCES
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International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT-2011); The 8th IEEE
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CONTACTS
http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/future-world-cities-project-smart-sustainable-cities
http://www.slideshare.net/ashabook/eis-ltd; http://eu-smartcities.eu/commitment/3089
http://www.iiisyla.livejournal.com
smartcity@cytanet.com.cy; ontopaedia@gmail.com
Fig. 1. MOBILE INTELLIGENT ECO CITIES OF THE FUTURE:
FUTURE WORLD CITIES: Smart Sustainable Cities Azamat Abdoullaev 2011-2015 Page 6

7. Annex I: Who Following our Smart and Sustainable Urban Policy Framework
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Citizens' Lives First, Council of European Municipalities and Regions, 5 Oct. 2010. Web. Last
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upload/2010/docs/39-05A34-Presentation_OD_Smart_Cities_CEMR.pdf
2. The Partnership for Smart and Sustainable Cities,
http://www.urbanknowledge.org/smartsustainablecities.html
3. FGSSC (2014). Smart sustainable cities – an analysis of definitions. Focus Group on Smart Sustainable
Cities Working Group 1, International Telecommunications Union (ITU). http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-
T/focusgroups/ssc/
4. Hitachi, Smart Sustainable City Overview, Smart Cities: Hitachi, Hitachi, Web. Last accessed 9 Feb.
2014. http://www.hitachi.com/products/smartcity/vision/concept/overview.html
5. Aoun, Charbel, The Smart Sustainable City Cornerstone: Urban Efficiency, Schneider Electric, Web.
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cities/998-1185469_smart-city-cornerstone-urban-efficiency.pdf
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http://smartcity-telefonica.com/?p=373
7. Huawei, Brilliant Life Powered by Smart Sustainable City, Huawei Ltd, Web. Last accessed 9 Feb.
2014. http://www.huawei.com/en/about-huawei/publications/communicate/hw-079367.htm
8. Current Activities For Smart Sustainable Cities, Japan Ministry of Internal Affairs and
Communications (MIC) Smart Town, Contribution No. FG-SSC-0033, ITU Focus Group on Smart
Sustainable Cities, Madrid, September 2013. Web. Last accessed 14 Feb 2014.
http://ifa.itu.int/t/fg/ssc/docs/1309-Madrid/in/fg-ssc-0033-japan.doc
9. Homeier, Ina, Smart Sustainable City Wien Initiative, City of Vienna, May 2013. Web. Last accessed
12 Feb. 2014.
http://www.impacts.org/euroconference/vienna2013/presentations/Vienna%20impacts%20smart%20cit
y.pdf
10. Comstock, Maggie, What Is a Smart Sustainable City and How Can a City Boost Its IQ? World Bank
Blogs – Sustainable Cities, 02 April 2012. Web. Last accessed 12 Feb. 2014.
http://blogs.worldbank.org/sustainablecities/what-is-a-smart-city-and-how-can-a-city-boost-its-iq
11. Smart Sustainable City, Business Dictionary, Web. Last accessed 13 Feb. 2014.
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/smart-city.html
12. Smart Sustainable Cities & Smart Statistics, Government of Italy, Contribution No. FG-SSC-0014, ITU
Focus Group on Smart Sustainable Cities, Turin, May 2013. Web. Last accessed 14 Feb 2014.
http://ifa.itu.int/t/fg/ssc/docs/1305-Turin/in/fg-ssc-0014-Italy.zip
13. Washburn, Doug, and Sindhu, Usman, Helping CIOs Understand "Smart Sustainable City" Initiatives,
FORRESTER. Last Accessed 12 Feb. 2014.
http://public.dhe.ibm.com/partnerworld/pub/smb/smarterplanet/forr_help_cios_und_smart_city_initiati
ves.pdf
14. Innovative Future of Russia's Cities, Center for Smart Sustainable City Innovation – Ernst & Young,
Web. Last accessed 13 Feb. 2014. http://www.ey.com/RU/en/Services/Specialty-Services/Smart-City-
Innovation-Center
15. Woods, Eric, and Gartner, John, Smart Sustainable City Suppliers, Navigant Research, 2013. Web.
Last accessed 13 Feb. 2014. http://www.navigantresearch.com/wp-assets/uploads/2013/07/LB-SCITS-
13-Executive-Summary.pdf
16. Toppeta, Donato, The Smart Sustainable City Vision: How Innovation and ICT Can Build Smart,
"liveable", Sustainable Cities, Think Innovation, Oct. 2010. Web. Last accessed 13 Feb. 2014.
http://www.thinkinnovation.org/en/portfol/the-smart-city-vision-how-innovation-and-ict-can-build-
smart-liveable-sustainable-cities-2-2/
17. Definition of Smart Cities – China Communications Standards Association (CCSA), Smart Sustainable
City: terminologies and definitions, 2013.
http://www.ccsa.org.cn/workstation/project_disp.php?auto_id=4336 (in Chinese)
18. Kramers, A., Hojer, M., Lovehagen, N., Wangel, J., Smart Sustainable Cities-Exploring ICT Solutions
for reduced energy use in cities, Environmental Modelling and Software, Issue 56. January 2014. pp.
52-62
19. Neapolis - Smart Eco City. European Prototype for Smart Cities and Communities. Leptos Group.
http://www.neapolis.com
20. S2CT 2015, International Conference on Smart Sustainable City Technologies, Toronto, Canada,
October 13–14, 2015; the European Alliance for Innovation, http://s2ct.org/2015/show/home.
FUTURE WORLD CITIES: Smart Sustainable Cities Azamat Abdoullaev 2011-2015 Page 7

8. Annex II: TOWARDS A STANDARDAZED DEFINITION OF SMART AND SUSTAINABLE CITIES
Academia and research communities, Government agencies, International organizations (United Nations, ITU,
etc.), Big business, Leading market research firms, Trade associations, Standards development organizations, as
ISO, BSI, ANSI, IEC, and IEEE, all are working on smart sustainable cities, based on special models and
framework, different attributes and features, factors and KPIs, rankings, metrics and policies.
Our original definition is boiled down to "Smart Sustainable City is a complex urban system of a
'knowledge', 'digital', or 'cyber' and 'eco' city”, characterized by the integration, quality and intelligent
management of its main features, factors, systems and processes, such as:
• ICT, telecommunications, communication, computing, connectivity, information and intelligence,
• governance, management and public administration, planning, policy, regulation, participation,
• sustainability, climate change, resiliency, green technology, land use, environment and natural
resources, geography, demography, territory, agricultural areas,
• energy and utilities,
• transport, traffic, and mobility,
• infrastructure and services,
• water and waste, air, soil, spaces,
• built environment, real estate, buildings, housing, parks, public spaces,
• people, society, communities, and citizens, human and social capital, intelligent capital,
• health and education,
• safety and security, as energy, water and food security and public safety,
• economy and finance, productivity, employment and jobs, commerce, business and
entrepreneurship,
• knowledge, science, technology, innovations in ideas, sciences, technologies, processes, and
policy,
• creativity, culture, and arts,
• standard of living, welfare, well-being, lifestyle, and community life.
Now selecting or combining the factors, each stakeholder could come up with its favourite definition, like as:
“A city that monitors and integrates conditions of all its critical infrastructures, including roads, bridges, tunnels,
rails subways, airports, seaports, communications, water, power, even major buildings can better optimize its
resources, plan its preventive maintenance activities, and monitor security aspects while maximizing services to
its citizens” (Hall, R. E., The vision of a smart city, In Proceedings of the 2nd International Life Extension
Technology Workshop, Paris, France. 2000).
“Sustainable cities are critical to sustainable development, given their position as engines of
economic growth, centers of population growth and resource consumption, and crucibles of
culture and innovation. Sustainable cities should be defined broadly, integrating environmental, economic, and
social objectives…, as “urban communities committed to improving the well-being of their current and future
residents, while integrating economic, environmental, and social considerations.” (BUILDING
SUSTAINABILITY IN AN URBANIZING WORLD: A Partnership Report, the World Bank, 2013)
"A smart sustainable city is an innovative city that uses information and communication technologies (ICTs)
and other means to improve quality of life, efficiency of urban operation and services, and competitiveness,
while ensuring that it meets the needs of present and future generations with respect to economic, social and
environmental aspects".
“Smart sustainable cities use information and communication technologies (ICT) to be more intelligent and
efficient in the use of resources, resulting in cost and energy savings, improved service delivery and quality of
life, and reduced environmental footprint – all supporting innovation and the low-carbon economy”.
"We believe a city to be smart when investments in human and social capital and traditional (transport) and
modern (ICT) communication infrastructure fuel sustainable economic growth and a high quality of life, with a
wise management of natural resources, through participatory governance".
“Hitachi's vision for the smart sustainable city seeks to achieve concern for the global environment and lifestyle
safety and convenience through the coordination of infrastructure”.
“A future where clean, efficient and decentralized energy will power a smart electricity grid to deliver power
efficiently to millions of homes; a world not suffering from water scarcity where waste is seen as a resource;
where citizens' mobility and health care needs are all taken care of by efficient and comprehensive systems; and
where they can live in sustainable cities with green spaces, clean air and a high quality of life”.
“A city can be considered as "smart" when its investment in human and social capital and in communications
infrastructure actively promotes sustainable economic development and a high quality of life, including the wise
management of natural resources through participatory government”. (European Investment Bank).
“The most effective definition of a smart city is a community that is efficient, liveable, and sustainable— and
these three elements go hand-in-hand… Every city can become smarter. Smart cities start with smart systems,
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9. working for the benefit of both residents and the environment. Electric grids, gas distribution systems, water
distribution systems, public and private transportation systems, commercial buildings, hospitals, homes — these
form the backbone of a city’s efficiency, livability, and sustainability. It is the improvement and integration of
these critical city systems — done in a step-by-step manner — that become the cornerstones to making a smart
city a reality”.
“A developed urban area that creates sustainable economic development and high quality of life by excelling in
multiple key areas: economy, mobility, environment, people, living, and government. Excelling in these key
areas can be done through strong human capital, social capital, and/or ICT infrastructure”.
“A sustainable city is made up of three (3) main parameters: Environmental care, Competitiveness, Quality of
life”. (Siemens, 2014))
“Smart cities should be regarded as systems of people interacting with and using flows of energy, materials,
services and finance to catalyse sustainable economic development, resilience, and high quality of life; these
flows and interactions become smart through making strategic use of information and communication
infrastructure and services in a process of transparent urban planning and management that is responsive to the
social and economic needs of society”.
There are eight (8) fundamental factors that determine what defines a sustainable city (SAP 2014):
• Smart economy – Long-term prosperity, innovation, entrepreneurs, and social business models.
• Good government – High performance.
• Open society.
• Resilience and sustainability – being clean and green.
• Global attractiveness.
• Human and social capital.
• World-class financial expertise.
• Excellent infrastructure – physical and soft infrastructure (technology, research and knowledge).
“Smart sustainable cities combine diverse technologies to reduce their environmental impact and offer citizens
better lives. This is not, however, simply a technical challenge. Organizational change in governments – and
indeed society at large – is just as essential. Making a city smart is therefore a very multidisciplinary challenge,
bringing together city officials, innovative suppliers, national and EU policymakers, academics and civil
society”. (European Commission, 2014))
S2CT (Smart Sustainable City Technologies) conference focuses on utilizing the transformational power of
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for making our urban environment more sustainable,
increasing quality of life and efficiency of urban operation and services, and competitiveness while meeting the
needs of present and future generations with respect to economic, social and environmental aspects.
“The Smart Cities Council (SCC) envisions a world where digital technology and intelligent design have been
harnessed to create smart, sustainable cities with high-quality living and high-quality jobs”. (Smart Cities
Council, includes leading global companies as Lead Partners: Allied Telesis, Alstom, Bechtel, Cisco, Cubic
Transportation Systems, Enel, IBM, Itron, MasterCard, Mercedes-Benz, Microsoft, Ooredoo, Qualcomm, S&C
Electric, Schneider Electric, Verizon ... and our Associate Partners: ABB, Alphinat, Apex CoVantage, Badger
Meter, BehaviorMatrix, Bit Stew Systems, Black & Veatch, CH2M, Civic Resource Group, Elster, Enevo,
Entrigna, Hutchison Kinrot, Imex Systems, Intel, K2 Geospatial, Neptune Technology Group, OSIsoft, Saudi
Telecom, Siemens, Silver Spring Networks, Space-Time Insight, Spire Metering Technology, SunGard Public
Sector, The Urban Institute, TROVE, Veolia and West Monroe Partners.)
For more, see another 100+ definitions in “Smart sustainable cities: An analysis of definitions” of ITU-T Focus
Group on Smart Sustainable Cities.
Fig.2. Characteristics of a Sustainable City from the World Bank
BUILDING SUSTAINABILITY IN AN URBANIZING WORLD: A Partnership Report, the World Bank, 2013
FUTURE WORLD CITIES: Smart Sustainable Cities Azamat Abdoullaev 2011-2015 Page 9

10. Annex III: The Smart Sustainable Cities Strategy for the World’s 100 largest
Urban Areas
To advance and manage sustainable urban development and efficient service delivery, “clear and
credible metrics for cities are essential, including those for basic service delivery, city resilience,
GHG emissions and energy intensity”, geography and demography, economy, finances, energy
intensity and resource efficiency, climate change vulnerability, infrastructure levels, health indicators,
social equity, civic engagement, culture, science, technology and innovation, environment, shelter, or
quality of life indicators. It is like the Reference Framework for European Sustainable Cities (RFSC)
for 100 indicators across the main categories of economy, social, environment and governance.
Or, like as ISO 37120 Sustainable Development of Communities - Indicators for City Services and
Quality of Life, developed from the GCIF Core Indicators measuring such city features as:
� Economy
� Energy
� Emissions and pollution
� Water, sanitation and waste management
� Shelter
� Governance
� Transportation
� Education, Technology and Innovation
� Health
As emphasized, “the only path to sustainable development is through sustainable cities, while most of the
world’s media and political leadership focus on national and international geopolitical issues: the economic
crises in Europe, climate change, the Arab Spring, the “war on terror,” China’s ascendancy.” (World Bank, the
Partnership for Sustainable Cities).
The EC and the World Bank are to be proposed to consider transforming the world’s 100 largest urban areas,
from Abidjan to Hong Kong to London to Moscow to Rio De Janeiro to Singapore to Yangon, as smart
sustainable cities leaders under the Smart World Capitals initiative.
To meet the future UN Post-2015 Global Development Goals, succeeding the Millennium Development Goals,
it is to combine:
1. The EU’s World Cities project, which aims to promote long-term working relations between cities of the EU
and non-EU partner countries [12-14].
2. The Smart Sustainable Cities Global Initiative advanced by EIS Ltd and the EIP on Smart Cities and
Communities Open Market [15]
3. The World Bank Partnership for Smart and Sustainable Cities.
Fig.3. The World’s 100 Largest Urban Areas (City Mayor’s Foundation, 2006, www.citymayors.com)
A DATA COMPENDIUM FOR THE WORLD’S 100 LARGEST URBANAREAS (World Bank)
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