an introduction on cancer for 7 minute

1. Quantitative methods of dataQuantitative methods of data
collection and it’s importancecollection and it’s importance
Presented by Tabrez FaruquiPresented by Tabrez Faruqui
Department of BiosciencesDepartment of Biosciences
Enrolment No. 1701134Enrolment No. 1701134

2. IntroductionIntroduction
Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms
ClassificationClassification
CausesCauses
DiagnosisDiagnosis
TreatmentTreatment
OutlinesOutlines

3. IntroductionIntroduction
Data Collection is an important aspect of any type of research study.
Inaccurate data collection can impact the results of a study and
ultimately lead to invalid results.
Data collection is a term used to describe a process of preparing and
collecting data.
The purpose of data collection is to obtain information to keep on
record, to make decisions about important issues, to pass
information on to others.
Primarily, data are collected to provide information regarding a
specific topic.

4. Methods of Data collection
Qualitative
typically involves qualitative data, i.e., data obtained through
methods such interviews, on-site observations, and focus groups
that is in narrative rather than numerical form
Quantitative
–use numerical and statistical processes to answer specific
questions. Statistics are used in a variety of ways to support
inquiry or program assessment/evaluation.

5. – They produce results that are easy to summarize, compare, and
generalize.
– Participants may be randomly assigned to different treatments.
– Collect data on participant and situational characteristics in
order to statistically control for their influence on the dependent,
or outcome, variable.
Quantitative data collection

6. Types of Data collection
 Census: A census is a study that obtains data from every member of
a population.
 Sample survey. A sample survey is a study that obtains data from a
subset of a population, in order to estimate population attributes.
 Experiment. An experiment is a controlled study in which the
researcher attempts to understand cause-and-effect relationships.
 Observational study. Like experiments, observational studies
attempt to understand cause-and-effect relationships.

7.  The majority of cancers, some 90–95% of cases, are due to genetic
mutations from environmental factors.
 Environmental factors that contribute to cancer death include;
 Tobacco (25–30%), (Causes 90% of lung cancer & also causes cancer in the larynx, head, neck,
stomach, bladder, kidney, oesophagus and pancreas.)
 Diet and obesity (30–35%), (High salt diet cause gastric cancer, Aflatoxin B1 causes liver cancer.)
 Infections (15–20%), (viruses, bacteria, and parasite are infectious agents.)
 Radiation (both ionizing and non-ionizing, up to 10%),(it include medical
imaging, radon gas & UV light.)
 stress, lack of physical activity and pollution.. (prolonged exposure to asbestos, non
fibrous particulate like metallic cobalt, nickel & crystalline silica.)
CausesCauses

8. Imaging proceduresImaging procedures
CT Scan,CT Scan, (An x-ray machine linked to a computer takes a series of detailed pictures of your organs).(An x-ray machine linked to a computer takes a series of detailed pictures of your organs).
Nuclear scan,Nuclear scan, ( Patient receive an injection of small amount of radioactive material, it flows( Patient receive an injection of small amount of radioactive material, it flows
patient’s bloodstream & collects in certain bones or organs. A scanner detects & measures the radioactivity).patient’s bloodstream & collects in certain bones or organs. A scanner detects & measures the radioactivity).
Ultrasound,Ultrasound, ( An ultrasound device sends out sound waves that people cannot hear. The waves( An ultrasound device sends out sound waves that people cannot hear. The waves
bounce off tissues inside your body like an echo. A computer uses these echoes to create a picture of areasbounce off tissues inside your body like an echo. A computer uses these echoes to create a picture of areas
inside your body).inside your body).
MRI,MRI, ( A strong magnet linked to a computer is used to make detailed pictures of areas in your body).( A strong magnet linked to a computer is used to make detailed pictures of areas in your body).
PET scan, &PET scan, & (For this scan, you receive an injection of a tracer. Then, a machine makes 3-D(For this scan, you receive an injection of a tracer. Then, a machine makes 3-D
pictures that show where the tracer collects in the body).pictures that show where the tracer collects in the body).
X-RAYSX-RAYS ( X-rays use low doses of radiation to create pictures of the inside your body).( X-rays use low doses of radiation to create pictures of the inside your body).
BiopsyBiopsy ( It is a procedure in which the doctor removes a sample of tissue. And a pathologist then( It is a procedure in which the doctor removes a sample of tissue. And a pathologist then
looks at the tissue under a microscope to see if it is cancer).looks at the tissue under a microscope to see if it is cancer).
Diagnosis

9.  By Surgery,By Surgery,
( It is a procedure in which a surgeon removes cancer (tumor) from patient body.)( It is a procedure in which a surgeon removes cancer (tumor) from patient body.)
 Radiation therapy,Radiation therapy,
( Also known as radiotherapy, that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells &( Also known as radiotherapy, that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells &
shrinks tumors. It kills cancer cells or slows their growth by damaging their DNA.)shrinks tumors. It kills cancer cells or slows their growth by damaging their DNA.)
 Chemotherapy,Chemotherapy,
( It is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells. And it works by( It is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells. And it works by
stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells.)stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells.)
 Immunotherapy,Immunotherapy,
( It is a type of biological therapy that uses substances made from living organisms to treat( It is a type of biological therapy that uses substances made from living organisms to treat
cancer.)cancer.)
Treatment

10.  Targeted therapy,Targeted therapy,
( Targeted therapy treats cancer by targeting the changes in cancer cells that help them( Targeted therapy treats cancer by targeting the changes in cancer cells that help them
grow, divide, & spread. Most targeted therapies are either small-molecule drugs orgrow, divide, & spread. Most targeted therapies are either small-molecule drugs or
monoclonal antibodies.)monoclonal antibodies.)
 Hormone therapy, &Hormone therapy, &
( Also endocrine therapy, it slows or stops the growth of cancer that uses hormones to grow.)( Also endocrine therapy, it slows or stops the growth of cancer that uses hormones to grow.)
 DrugsDrugs
Aprepitant – ( is used to treat in Nausea & Vomiting caused by chemotherapy after( is used to treat in Nausea & Vomiting caused by chemotherapy after
chemotherapy treatment.)chemotherapy treatment.)
Ixabepilone – ( it is approved to be used alone or with( it is approved to be used alone or with capecitabinecapecitabine to treat BREASTto treat BREAST
CANCER.)CANCER.)
Carfilzomib – ( Is approved to be used alone or with other drugs to treat
MULTIPLE MYELOMA.)

11. QuestionsQuestions

12. Thank YouThank You