a presentation that defines how climate change victims are different from victims of crime and environmental disaster. The presentation gives a glimpse of the definition of "Climate Justice".

1. Victimization by Climate Change:
Unheard voices
Ms. Arpeeta S. Mizan
Md. Golam Sarwar
14th Human Rights Summer
School, Dhaka
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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2. • In northern Somalia, Nimcaan Farah Abdi’s 10
acres of corn, tomatoes and other vegetables
were ruined as violent storms swept the Horn
of Africa.
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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3. • Justus Lavi was waiting for rain in Kenya. The
wheat, beans and potatoes he planted on his
farm in Makueni County sprouted, but the
rainy season brought only two days of
showers, threatening to stunt their growth
and ruin his yield.
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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4. • “We are in a piece of land which is smaller
than Denmark, with a population of 160
million, trying to cope with this extreme
weather, trying to cope with the effect of
emissions for which we are not responsible.”
-Farah Kabir, the director in Bangladesh for the
Action Aid International,
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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5. What is Justice????
Change is the ONLY constant!!!!!
Man’s penetration v. Nature’s struggle
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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6. • Climate justice is a vision to dissolve and alleviate
the unequal burdens created by climate change .
- Climate justice Movement
- Climate justice means just and fair
instruments, decisions, actions burden sharing
and accountability for the prevention, mitigation
and adaptation related to climate change.
- - Christopher Stueckleberger
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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7. Think for a while…..
• Where is the man?
• Technicality v. man’s desires
• West v. East
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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8. Equality Security
Ending
perpetual
sufferings
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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9. VICTIMS : Who they Are
Sacrificed
Undue
Harm
Depriv
ation
Disempo
werment
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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10. Victim’s perception
• For those at stake, Climate Change has a very
simple meaning.
• Fatalist
• Beyond control
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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11. The Deviant Place Theory
• Places associated with high crime rates
• Analogous application to Climate Change
Victims: Coastal State population, The
Sundarban communities
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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12. Victims of Environment Pollution v.
Climate Change
• Easy identification
• Easy accountability
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13. Dimensions of CC Victimhood
• No Specific offender
• Cyclic insecurity: The Need Based Model and
the Foreign Donors: short-lived deliverance
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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14. Regional, Social and infrastructural
Factors
• Affecting the degree of victimization
• Affects Public Health, livelihood
• Myanmar v. Cuba: 1/14,000 : 4/25
• Analogy of vulnerability and victimization
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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15. Subjectivity according to Development
• Discussion of sea level rise: Bangladesh v.
Netherlands
• 0.06% since 1972: 0.61% in 2012
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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16. Victimization
Individual
Psychology, econo
my, emotion, famil
y
Collective
Lack of resilience
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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17. CC Victims and HR challenges
• Desertification
• Speedy spread of malaria, anxiety, depression
• River erosion
• Controlling excavation activities to control CO2
emission
• Loss of traditional territories
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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18. Emerging Questions in International
Law
• Indus Civilization
• Atlantis
• BD & Myanmar??????????????????
THINK!!
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19. Restorative Justice
• A process where all stakeholders affected by
injustice have an opportunity to DISCUSS how
they have been affected and to DECIDE what
should be done to REPAIR the HARM.
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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20. RESTORATIVE Justice for the CC Victims
Restorati
ve
Responsibility
• NONE
responsible
Decision by
victims
• No encounter
between two
parties
Active
engagement
• No cessation
of
Victimzationn
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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21. Responses to Climate Change
Unavoidable nature and inevitability of Climate
Change
Mitigation and Adaptation Approach
Mitigation involves reducing or stabilizing green
house gas emissions in order to mitigate
changes in climate
Adaptation refers to adjustments in ecological-
social-economic systems in response to the
impact of CC.
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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22. WHY COMPENSATION?
• CONSCIENCE OF HUMANITY
• LIABILITY REGIME
DETERMINING DAMAGE OF CLIMATE CHANGE
• STATE’S CONTRIBUTION TO CLIMATE
CHANGE
• INCURRING RESPECTIVE LIABILITY OF
EACH STATES
• ACCOUNTABILITY PROVISIONS
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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23. STATES’ OBLIGATION :
• Basic Rule of Int. Law : No Harm Rule
• Chorzow factory case
• Draft articles on Responsibility of States for
Internationally Wrongful Acts 2001.
Victims in the legal periphery of Bangladesh
• The National Adaption Program of Action (NAPA) 2005
• The Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action
Plan (BCCSAP) 2009
• Bangladesh Climate Change Trust fund and Resilience
Fund 2010
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24. BCCTFA 2010
What it aims:
• Using Funds for facing risk
• Special Programmes, Grass root level
Programmes, Long term Plans
• Drawing Pilot Projects for adaptation and
mitigation
What It Lacks:
• Absence of addressing the victimization Process
• Number of executives, No Clear Cut RA Procedure
• Lack of Infrastructural Design and Plan of Action(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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25. CC Victims and Human Rights
Implications
• Prevailing ESC Rights than CP Rights
• States’ Pro-active approach to reduce
Victimization Process
• Internationally agreed upon values for dignity
of Human Being
Emerging HR question:
• Disappearance of states
• Fade way the status of People
• & Their Protection Under International Law.
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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26. Judicial Implications
• Guerra and Others v. Italy, Onerylidiz v. Turkey
and Ogoniland: Absence of Right to
environmental information is Human Rights
Violation and accelerates the victimization
process.
• IACHR and US SC: Supranational Human Rights
Legal Systems to impose duty on states to
prevent climate change
• Regional HR systems to confront states and make
them compliant
(c) arpeeta s. Mizan & Md. Golam sarwar.
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27. Recent Cop 19 of UNFCCC
• Reluctance from Development Countries
• Non feasibility of UN Climate Funds.
De…d
causes of
bulk of
emission
s
De..ing..
needs
excessive
industrial
ization
Yet to reach
consensus =
Lowering
Commitments
not emissions
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28. Recommendations
• Autonomous Body accompanied with Strong
Legislation.
• Enhancing Climate Fitness
• Exhaustive Risk Assessment Procedure
• Decentralizing the Management of CC Trust Fund
• Ensuring Transparency and Accountability
(RECENT SURVERY by TIB: NGOs had to give 20% of
Project money as bribe to have their funds released)
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