its about the presenting agribusiness development and internationl trade.....

1. Agribusiness
Ashmita Sharma (21)
Archana Bhattarai(22)
Suraj Singh Karkee(23)
Jyotsna Nepal(24)
Mandeep Adhikari(25)
Rajendra Mishra(26)
Prativa Khanal(27)
Ambika Pokhrel(28)
Swarnima Kc(29)
Kishwor Kafle(30)

2. Title and Content Layout
• Agribusiness development
• International trade
• Loophole of government policies on agribusiness management

3. Agribusiness is a business of agricultural
production.
agribusiness
• supply of
farm inputs
farming
• farm
production
agribusiness
• marketing
and
processing

4. Sum total of all operations involved in the manufacture and
distribution of farm supplies; production activity on the farm;
and the storage, processing and distribution of farm
commodities and items made from them.

5. Why agribusiness development???
• Nepal having a agrarian economy.
• 65.5% population directly engaged on agriculture.
• Agriculture contributes 32% in GDP.
• Agriculture facilitated by diverse geographical niches with
microclimate.
• Agriculture being one of the promising sector in economic
development of country which is still operating in subsistence
level.

6. Prospects of agribusiness..
Examples:
• Tea: value addition, Organic and green tea.
• Spices: High Demand in international market.
• Seeds: Appropriate agro climate.
• Citrus fruit: High demand in the international market.

7. 2026 B.S. Economic analysis Division under
ministry of agriculture.
In 2029B.s Department of Food and Agricultural
Marketing Services was established to provide
marketing services to the farmers in the country.
National Agriculture policy 2061
Agribusiness Promotion Policy 2063
23rd April 2004; Nepal became member of WTO
2061/62 Agricultural Commodity Export Promotion
Program and Agribusiness Promotion Program
under Agribusiness Promotion and Market
Development Directorate
Agribusiness development in Nepal

8. Contd…….
Commercialization in agriculture is one of today’s need.
With the increase in the volume of marketable surplus, the need
of assured market output is very necessary.
Agribusiness Promotion and Marketing Development
Directorate(ABPMDD) is major government institution for
carrying out various activities relating to agribusiness promotion.

9. Objectives of ABPMDD
• Develop assured markets and marketing services for agricultural
products.
• Develop efficient marketing systems of agricultural commodities.
• Provide fair price for farm products.
• Promote agricultural business and trade.

10. Programs from ABPMDD...
• Marketing research and statistics Management program.
• Agribusiness Promotion Program.
• Agricultural commodity export promotion program.

11. International trade of agribusiness
• Trade= import+export of gooods and services
• Historically 90% of international trade of Nepal before 1950’s
was with India and Tibet.
• Trading relation with india started with treaty of trade and
transit in 1950.

12. Main exports from Nepal
• Primary agricultural produce
• Garments
• Carpets
• Hides and skin
• Herbs
• Textile fibres
• Jute
• Tobacco
• Tea and coffee
• Ginger
• Black Cardamom

13. Imports in Nepal
• Industrial inputs
• Fertilizers
• Petroleum
• Salt and sugar
• Medicines
• Chemicals

14. International Trade agreements of Nepal
• 147th member of WTO since 2004 April 23
• Member South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA)2 and
• Member of Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and
Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)
• trade agreement with its major trading partner, India as well as
seventeen other countries.
• New trade policy was adopted in march 2009 revising the 18 years old
trade policy.

15. World Trade
Organization…..
• The world trade organization
(WTO) is the only global
organization dealing with the
rules of trade between
nations.
• Major goal is to help
producers of good and
services, exporters, and
importers to conduct their
business.

16. Objectives of WTO
• To make transparent International Trade related rules.
• To help producers and traders of goods and services.
• To strengthen world’s economic situation and increase investment,
employment and income.

17. Trade principles of WTO
• Non discrimination.
• Free movement of foreign products, services or nationals.
• Transparency.
• Special and differential treatment.

18. Agreement related to agriculture sector in
WTO..
• Agreement on agriculture(AOA)
• Sanitary and Phyto Sanitary (SPS)
• Agreement on Technical Barriers to trade
• Trade related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.
• General Agreement on Trade in services (GAT)

19. Inability to take advantage from WTO
• Lack of efforts in product market diversification.
• Lack of efforts in generating competitive/comparative advantage.
• Government policies too not conductive to respond too changing
requirements.
• Domestic difficulties.

20. Issues and challenges of agribusiness development in
Nepal
• Uncompetitive agricultural enterprises due to heavy subsidy for Indian
farmer.
• Not market oriented production system
• Inadequate physical infrastructure for commercialization
• Cost of production is high

22. Loopholes of government policies
• The policies formed by government have no legal binding and also the
policies are improper.
• E.g.. Fertilizer policy, fiscal policy, infrastructure policy.
• In Nepal, policy formulation only for periodic plan and failure of policy
due to change in government structure.
• Implementation rate of policy is very low due to political instability.
• Policy follow top to bottom approach rather than bottom to top
approach.
• Government policies are highly ambitious.

23. Contd……… • Agriculture has been accorded the
top most priority in all the plan
periods but the results have not
justified the priority.
• dissemination of market information
on price quality produced, quantity
produced etc by government
information sector.
• Open boarder system.eg sugarcane
export, quarantine of farm inputs.
• Lack of proper credit facilities.