1. Atoms: Atoms are structured by 3 main components. Protons, neutrons and electrons. The core of the atom consists of protons and neutrons. Protons are positively charged, and neutrons are neutral. Electrons circle the core of the atom, and form a \"cloud\" of electrons. Electrons are negatively charged. 2. Bonds: You have different elements such as Na, Cl, H, O etc. Several COMPOUNDS that you may have heard of include, NaCl and H2O. In order for these elements to form these compounds, bonds need to form between them. When bonds are made energy is released. 3. Periodic Table: The number of electrons that an atom of an element has is usually equal to it\'s atomic number. More importantly there is a trend that you can determine what the number of valence (outer most) electrons are. Group 1 has 1 valence electron, Group 2 has 2, Group 3 has 3, Group 8 has 0, Group 7 has 7, Group 6 has 6 (O, S, Se, Te), Group 5 has 5( N, P, As) and Group 4 has 4 (C,Si). 4. Electronegativity: This means how reactive a certain element is. If an element has lots of valence electrons it will have a high electronegativity because it wants that 1 electron, to fill its 8 compartments in its shell. The trend for electronegativity is that electronegativity increases as you go across the periodic table towards the right ->. As you go towards the right, you have more and more valence electrons, therefore more \"want\" for electrons to fill up the compartments. When you go (^) up the periodic table electronegativity also increases due to the distance the electrons are away from the nucleus (core) of the atom. 5. Polarity: Polarity just means you have 2 poles. Think of it like a magnet, you usually have a north pole and a south pole OR a positive pole and a negative pole. Different atoms have different charges. For example, H2O, consists of 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen. Hydrogen is positively charged and oxygen is negatively charged. This is why water is said to be polar. It consists of both a positive and a negative. Water is also an example of hydrogen bonding, because Hydrogen is bonding with a large molecule, oxygen. Non-polar bonds are where there are no positives or negatives. An example would be a diatomic molecule, such as oxygen gas: O2. Methane: CH4 is also considered to be non-polar because its carbon atom covalently bonds with hydrogen atoms sharing almost completely equally. Hope this helps! :) Solution 1. Atoms: Atoms are structured by 3 main components. Protons, neutrons and electrons. The core of the atom consists of protons and neutrons. Protons are positively charged, and neutrons are neutral. Electrons circle the core of the atom, and form a \"cloud\" of electrons. Electrons are negatively charged. 2. Bonds: You have different elements such as Na, Cl, H, O etc. Several COMPOUNDS that you may have heard of include, NaCl and H2O. In order for these elements to form these compounds, bonds need to form between them. When bonds are made energy is released. 3. Perio.

1. 1. Atoms:
Atoms are structured by 3 main components. Protons, neutrons and electrons. The core of the
atom consists of protons and neutrons. Protons are positively charged, and neutrons are neutral.
Electrons circle the core of the atom, and form a "cloud" of electrons. Electrons are negatively
charged.
2. Bonds:
You have different elements such as Na, Cl, H, O etc. Several COMPOUNDS that you may
have heard of include, NaCl and H2O. In order for these elements to form these compounds,
bonds need to form between them. When bonds are made energy is released.
3. Periodic Table:
The number of electrons that an atom of an element has is usually equal to it's atomic number.
More importantly there is a trend that you can determine what the number of valence (outer
most) electrons are. Group 1 has 1 valence electron, Group 2 has 2, Group 3 has 3, Group 8 has
0, Group 7 has 7, Group 6 has 6 (O, S, Se, Te), Group 5 has 5( N, P, As) and Group 4 has 4
(C,Si).
4. Electronegativity:
This means how reactive a certain element is. If an element has lots of valence electrons it will
have a high electronegativity because it wants that 1 electron, to fill its 8 compartments in its
shell. The trend for electronegativity is that electronegativity increases as you go across the
periodic table towards the right ->. As you go towards the right, you have more and more
valence electrons, therefore more "want" for electrons to fill up the compartments.
When you go (^) up the periodic table electronegativity also increases due to the distance the
electrons are away from the nucleus (core) of the atom.
5. Polarity:
Polarity just means you have 2 poles. Think of it like a magnet, you usually have a north pole
and a south pole OR a positive pole and a negative pole.
Different atoms have different charges. For example, H2O, consists of 2 hydrogens and 1
oxygen. Hydrogen is positively charged and oxygen is negatively charged. This is why water is
said to be polar. It consists of both a positive and a negative.
Water is also an example of hydrogen bonding, because Hydrogen is bonding with a large
molecule, oxygen.
Non-polar bonds are where there are no positives or negatives. An example would be a diatomic
molecule, such as oxygen gas: O2. Methane: CH4 is also considered to be non-polar because its

2. carbon atom covalently bonds with hydrogen atoms sharing almost completely equally.
Hope this helps! :)
Solution
1. Atoms:
Atoms are structured by 3 main components. Protons, neutrons and electrons. The core of the
atom consists of protons and neutrons. Protons are positively charged, and neutrons are neutral.
Electrons circle the core of the atom, and form a "cloud" of electrons. Electrons are negatively
charged.
2. Bonds:
You have different elements such as Na, Cl, H, O etc. Several COMPOUNDS that you may
have heard of include, NaCl and H2O. In order for these elements to form these compounds,
bonds need to form between them. When bonds are made energy is released.
3. Periodic Table:
The number of electrons that an atom of an element has is usually equal to it's atomic number.
More importantly there is a trend that you can determine what the number of valence (outer
most) electrons are. Group 1 has 1 valence electron, Group 2 has 2, Group 3 has 3, Group 8 has
0, Group 7 has 7, Group 6 has 6 (O, S, Se, Te), Group 5 has 5( N, P, As) and Group 4 has 4
(C,Si).
4. Electronegativity:
This means how reactive a certain element is. If an element has lots of valence electrons it will
have a high electronegativity because it wants that 1 electron, to fill its 8 compartments in its
shell. The trend for electronegativity is that electronegativity increases as you go across the
periodic table towards the right ->. As you go towards the right, you have more and more
valence electrons, therefore more "want" for electrons to fill up the compartments.
When you go (^) up the periodic table electronegativity also increases due to the distance the
electrons are away from the nucleus (core) of the atom.
5. Polarity:
Polarity just means you have 2 poles. Think of it like a magnet, you usually have a north pole
and a south pole OR a positive pole and a negative pole.
Different atoms have different charges. For example, H2O, consists of 2 hydrogens and 1
oxygen. Hydrogen is positively charged and oxygen is negatively charged. This is why water is
said to be polar. It consists of both a positive and a negative.

3. Water is also an example of hydrogen bonding, because Hydrogen is bonding with a large
molecule, oxygen.
Non-polar bonds are where there are no positives or negatives. An example would be a diatomic
molecule, such as oxygen gas: O2. Methane: CH4 is also considered to be non-polar because its
carbon atom covalently bonds with hydrogen atoms sharing almost completely equally.
Hope this helps! :)