Daylight Strategies and Biophilic Design Patterns

Faculty of Architecture
Department of Interior Architecture
Third Semester 2021– 2022 Course INAR569
ASSIGNMENT 2
Eastern
Mediterranean
University
Instructor: Prof. Dr. Ozlem Olgac Turker
Ala’a Zuheir Al-khayyat, 19500104

3
• Introduction
• First& second strategies
• Third & fourth strategies
• Fifth strategy
• Conclusion
OUTLINE OF TOPICS
TODAY'S
PRESENTATI
ON

As we all know it's good to
Exploiting natural daylight for
several reasons, the most
important of them, that it helps to
save electrical energy if it is used
appropriately. Which leads to stay
away as much as possible from
artificial lighting. While the high
solar heat that is present mostly in
the summer, which causes anxiety
for some, should be avoided. So,
we should use some strategies to
provide this. 4
INTRODUCTION

“it has been shown that artificial lighting
of non-domestic buildings represents
50% of the energy consumption in
Europe.
5
Scartezzini. (1991). L'éclairagenaturel dans le bâtiment.
Proceedings CISBAT'91,10-11/10/91,EPFL, Lausanne.
FACTS

It also has been shown that it is possible
to reduce this consumption with 30 to
70 percent by combining the use of
artificial and natural lighting”.
6
Mc. Nicholl,A. and OwenL. J. (Eds). (1994). Daylightingin Buildings.Maxi-
Brochurepreparepar Energy ResearchGroupUniversityCollege Dublin
pour EuropeanCommission DGXVIIfor Energy.
FACTS

7
7
DEFINITION& GOAL
The strategy: It is a system that is being studied, and it is more than an
opening in the facade (a window) to enter the required daylight.
The goal of these strategies:
￮ To increase the penetration of daylight into the interior spaces and to control direct daylight.
￮ Provide enough daylight in the summer, and provide as much as possible in the winter to
help in heating the place.

This feature is important
because it supports the
light to the center of the
building, where not
enough light reaches
from the external
facades.
8
SKYLIGHT

LIGHT SHAFTS
1. This feature depends on
the system of reflection of
the sun's rays, which
provides lighting and heat
at the same time for the
transparent columns that
are placed in the building.
9

1. These semi-transparent panels allow
the distribution of the appropriate
amount of light that enters through
them, and by being insulating, the
glare of sunlight does not enter. It
also contains blockers of ultraviolet
rays, to remove the damage of high
glare.
10
TRANSLUCENT PANELS

1. This strategy reduces the
sun's glare and
distributes it inside the
place to reach the
greatest depth in space
11
LIGHT SHELVES

1. Definition in the architecture,
it’s openings in a high part of
the wall, the purpose of
which is to allow light to
enter and heating the interior
spaces in winter
12
CLERESTORY

These strategies allow to provide
visual comfort inside the place, which
is necessary for the person to feel
satisfied, and to avoid any disturbance
caused by the strong rays of the sun.
Therefore, the lighting should not be
too bright, and this is what daily
lighting strategies provide
13
CONCLUSION

15
• A Background to the Biophilic design
• Biophilia as a definition
• Biophilic design patterns
• Past studies example on Biophilic
design
• Case studies on Biophilic design
OUTLINE OF TOPICS
TODAY'S
PRESENTATI
ON

16
why the concept of
Biophilic is
important to be
understood by the
designer and the
researchers?
Hundreds of millions of people live and work in
hermetically sealed buildings, see mainly through
artificial light, breathe mechanically driven air, lead
sedentary lifestyles, and consume over-processed
foods often in the name of technological development
or efficiency. Thus such a lifestyle would provoke a
distinct amount of physical and mental issues like
obesity, depression, stress and ADHD according to Dr.
Stephen Kellert, (2005).
Environment/spaces you are engaged into play and
can greatly contribute to the quality of your time- study,
learning, sleeping, working…..etc. Furthermore, due to
urbanization, humans would spend almost 90% of their
time in indoor spaces.
The WHO (Lindvall, T. 1986), reports that nearly 30%
of all buildings studied (including both small and large
ones) exhibit some form of BRI (building-related
illness), which impacts the physiological and
psychological well-being of the occupants.

17
“medicine is the surgery of functions, as surgery proper
is that of limbs and organs. Neither can do anything but
remove obstructions; neither can cure; nature alone
cures. Surgery removes the bullet out of the limb, which
is an obstruction to cure, but nature heals the wound. So
it is with medicine; the function of an organ becomes
obstructed; medicine, so far as we know, assists nature
to remove the obstruction, but does nothing more. And
what nursing has to do in either case, is to put the
patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him."
(Florence Nightingale, 1858/1969)

18
“Biophilic Design (The Architecture of Life) is an innovative way of designing the places where we live, work,
and learn. We need nature in a deep and fundamental fashion, but we have often designed our cities and
suburbs in ways that both degrade the environment and alienate us from nature. The recent trend in green
architecture has decreased the environmental impact of the built environment, but it has accomplished little in
the way of reconnecting us to the natural world, the missing piece in the puzzle of sustainable development”
by Edward Osborne Wilson, 1984.
E D W A R D O SB O R NE W I LSO N P O P U LA R I Z E D T HI S T E R M I N A B O O K
P U B LI SHE D B Y HA R V A R D U NI V E R SI T Y P R E SS I N 1984. HE
DESCRIB ES B IOP HILIA A S A NA T URA L T ENDENCY T O T URN OUR
A T T E NT I O N T O LI V I NG T HI NGS.
DEFINITION OF BIOPHILIC
DESIGN

19
Mohamed Shokry Abdelaal (2019), finds out
through investigations and site visits to the
contemporary residential spaces, that
exposure to natural features has a magical
effect on the restoration/recovery of human
health and wellbeing physically, emotionally,
psychologically, and mentally.
BIOPHILIC NOT JUST
AN AESTHETIC DESIGN
IT IS ALL ABOUT
HUMAN GENETICS

20
WHAT DOES BIOPHILIC DESIGN
MEAN?
CITY
BUILDING
MATERIALS AND
PRODUCTS
PLANTS WATER
LIGHT/SPACE
PATTERNS
WIND/AIR
MATERIALS
MANMADE NATURAL
ELEMENTS

21
14 BIOPHILIC DESIGN
PATTERNS
• Visual Connection with Nature
• Non-Visual Connection with
Nature
• Non-Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli
• Thermal & Airflow Variability
• Presence of Water
• Dynamic & Diffuse Light
• Connection with Natural
Systems
NA T U R E I N T HE SP A CE
P A T T E R NS - D I R E CT
CO NNE CT I O N
• Biomorphic Forms & Patterns
• Material Connection with
Nature
• Complexity & Order
NA T U R A L
A NA LO GU E S
P A T T ERNS - INDIRECT
CO NNE CT I O N
• Prospect
• Refuge
• Mystery
• Risk/Peril
NA T U R E O F T HE
SP A CE P A T T E R NS -
HU MA N SP A T I A L
RESP ONSE

22
Nature in the Space Patterns- direct connection:
Essentially, it is about emulating or being inspired by natural
spatial formations.
V ISU AL CO NNE CTION W IT H
NAT U R E
NO N- V ISU AL CO NNE CT IO N
W IT H NAT U R E
https://portfolio.cept.ac.in/fa/architectural-design-studio-9-
1016-b-monsoon-2017/humanizing-healing-architecture-
monsoon-2017-ua1513
monsoon-2017-ua1513

23
spatial formations.
NO N - R HYTHMIC SE NSO R Y
ST IMU LI
T HE R MAL & AIR FLO W
V AR IABILIT Y
monsoon-2017-ua1513
monsoon-2017-ua1513

24
spatial formations.
PR E SE NCE O F W AT E R D YNAMIC & D IFFU SE LIGHT
ttps://portfolio.cept.ac.in/fa/architectural-design-studio-9-
monsoon-2017-ua1513
ttps://portfolio.cept.ac.in/fa/architectural-design-studio-9-
monsoon-2017-ua1513

25
Natural Analogues Patterns-indirect connection:
used indirect methods to reflect nature through the use of
naturally-inspired patterns and shapes with natural materials.
BIOMOR PHIC FOR MS &
PAT T E R NS
MAT ER IAL CONNECT ION
W IT H NAT U R E
https://patternity.org/explore/index/an-evening-of-biophilia-
with-second-home/
https://www.interface.com/EU/en-GB/campaign/biophilic-
design/Nature-of-the-Space-en_GB

26
Nature of the Space Patterns-human spatial response:
this about replicating the feelings that natural spaces gives us.
PR O SPE CT R E FU GE

27
Nature of the Space Patterns-human spatial response:
this about replicating the feelings that natural spaces gives us.
MYST E R Y R ISK /PE R IL

28
ST R E SS
R E D U CT I O N
VISUAL
CONNECTI
ON WITH
NATURE
CO GNI T I V E
P E R F O R M A N
CE
E MO T I O N,
MO O D &
P REFERENC
E
Lowered blood
pressure and
heart rate
(Brown, Barton
& Gladwell,
2013; van den
Berg, Hartig, &
Staats, 2007;
Tsunetsugu &
Miyazaki,
2005)
Improved
mental
engagement/
attentiveness
(Biederman &
Vessel, 2006)
Positively
impacted
attitude and
overall
happiness
(Barton &
Pretty, 2010)

29
ST RESS
R E D U CT I O N
NON-
VISUAL
CONNECTI
ON WITH
NATURE
CO GNI T I V E
P E R F O R M A N
CE
E MO T I O N,
MO O D &
P R E FE R E NC
E
Reduced systolic
blood pressure
and stress
hormones (Park,
Tsunetsugu,
Kasetani et al.,
2009; Hartig,
Evans, Jamner et
al., 2003; Orsega-
Smith, Mowen,
Payne et al.,
2004; Ulrich,
Simons, Losito et
al., 1991)
Positively
impacted
cognitive
performance
(Mehta, Zhu &
Cheema, 2012;
Ljungberg,
Neely, &
Lundström,
2004)
Perceived
improvements
in mental
health and
tranquility (Li,
Kobayashi,
Inagaki et al.,
2012; Jahncke,
et al., 2011;
Tsunetsugu,
Park, &
Miyazaki, 2010;
Kim, Ren, &
Fielding, 2007;
Stigsdotter &
Grahn, 2003)

30
CASE STUDIES
ALL THE CASES WILL BE ANALYZED
ACCORDING TO THE ELEMENTS LIKE
SKYLIGHTS, GREEN WALLS, LIVING
WALLS AND SO ON.

31
THE BANK OF ASTORIA
MANZANITA, OREGON
designed by architect Tom Bender with SERA
Architects, makes extensive use of natural
materials.
UNIVERSITY OF
GUELPH-HUMBER
The living wall, installed by Air Quality Solutions, is
designed to remove pollutants from the indoor air,
but also offers biophilia benefits.
https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/biophilia-
practice-buildings-connect-people-nature
https://www.guelphhumber.ca/news/eight-
reasons-love-our-campus

32
CHRISTUS ST.MICHAEL
HEALTH CARE
CENTER, TEXARKANA
designed by WHR Architects. Nearly every hospital
room looks out on trees or other natural
landscaping elements.
THE GOOGLE
CAMPUS IN ZURICH
This combination of biophilia and comfort spaces
inspires employees with contemporary design while
anchoring their senses in biophilia.
https://www.sherwin-williams.com/painting-
contractors/project-solutions/healthcare/project-
profiles/sw-art-pro-christus
https://www.terramai.com/blog/office-design-
trends-and-biophilic-design/

33
CONCLUSION
THE MAIN QUSTION OF BIOPHILIA:
FI R ST Q U E ST I O N
How to treat nature
within the constructed
buildings?
SE CO ND
QUEST ION
what are the numerous
attributes and
elements to guide the
designers?
T HI R D Q U E ST I O N
what are the
restorative effects on
human health?

1. Abdelatia, B., Marenne, C., & Semidor, C. (2010). Daylighting strategy for sustainable schools: case study
of prototype classrooms in Libya. Journal of Sustainable Development, 3(3), 60.
2. https://www.gausman.com/Our-company/News/entryid/95/principles-of-sustainable-design-
lighting-and-daylighting
3. https://danpal.com/insulated-translucent-wall-panels/
4. https://hmcarchitects.com/news/passive-daylighting-systems-could-transform-the-architecture-of-
natural-light-2019-05-24/
5. Frumkin, H. (2008). Nature Contact and Human Health: Building the Evidence Base. In: S.F. Kellert, J.H.
Heerwagen, & M.L. Mador (Eds.). Biophilic Design (115-116). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
6. Heerwagen, J.H. & B. Hase (2001). Building Biophilia: Connecting People to Nature in Building Design. US
Green Building Council.
7. Almusaed, A. (2010). Biophilic and bioclimatic architecture: analytical therapy for the next generation of
passive sustainable architecture. Springer Science & Business Media
8. Browning, W. D., Ryan, C. O., & Clancy, J. O. (14). Patterns of biophilic design. New York: Terrapin Bright
Green, LLC.
9. Berman, M. G., Jonides, J., & Kaplan, S. (2008). The cognitive benefits of interacting with nature.
Psychological science, 19(12), 1207-1212.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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