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and is not to be
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Media for this week:
A) Harry Potter
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfjuBaWTLO4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ATvoxagi-7g
B) Popeye
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z34e7ZBaxfE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=npUqfsI_L34
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IZ778ycQSGU
C) Santa Claus
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JH9jCaHWkhM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HkkPitj41Cw
D) Anne of Green Gables
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=miWcbeYnWGM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AxlxZHi3JHA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GncQtURdcE4
E) Alice in Wonderland
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLIqErnQCuw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JKEMavLsI9w
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k12NZLh_Xvg
F) Ghostbusters
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QIbI4Wtgug
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WUs5qi_RFnM
G) Themed Restaurants
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hjkLP97L3Lc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCO0gVt_Hl8
H) Anime
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvkE6Nq8Pc8
Episode 8:
Tourism to Imaginary Places
Dr. Wes Kinghorn
Episode 8:
But firstā€¦.
https://youtu.be/6wsbvoLmZqY?si=XNHvazGXwv2CoeZ1
Dr. Wes Kinghorn
About todayā€™s classā€¦
About todayā€™s classā€¦
Today we will take a tour of some
of the most innovative tourism
places on earthā€¦
ā€¦places that allow the tourist to
visit imaginary worlds.
About todayā€™s classā€¦
ā€¢ 8 parts;
ā€¢ Media clips will be followed by a
discussion of the related article;
ā€¢ I have amalgamated the readings
into one document for you;
PART 1
PART 1
THE WIZARDING WORLD
PART 1
THE WIZARDING WORLD
OF
HARRY POTTER
PART 1
THE WIZARDING WORLD
OF
HARRY POTTER
(Immersive Theme Parks)
Part 1: Immersive Theme Parks
Godwin 2017: Introduction (pp 1-5)
Media A1:
(4 min)
On the Go in MCO
Immersive Theme Parks:
ā€œUniversal Orlando's Wizarding World of Harry Potter ā€¦
includes Hogwarts castle (home of the Forbidden
Journey ride) within Hogsmeade.
The Hogwarts Express train ride connects to Harry
Potter's version of London, which leads to Diagon Alley,
which includes Knockturn Alley and the Escape from
Gringotts ride.
Hogsmeade, Diagon Alley, and Knockturn Alley all
include shops and opportunities to cast "spells" using
interactive wands sold within WWoHP.ā€
(Godwin 2017)
Godwin 2017
Immersive Theme Parks:
My visit to the Wizarding World of Harry Potter
Godwin 2017
Story Worlds:
ā€œStory worlds are defined as "places people
can visit and live in for a time"
(Lancaster 2001)
Alternative terms include
subcreated worlds, secondary worlds, diegetic worlds,
constructed worlds, and
imaginary worlds, media worlds, and many others.
(Wolf 2012)
Godwin 2017
Story Worlds:
Such imaginary worlds invite audience participation in
the form of speculation and fantasies, which depend
more onā€¦
ā€¦the fullness and richness of the world itself
than on any particular storyline or character within itā€¦
ā€¦quite a shift from the traditional narrative film/novel.
(Wolf 2012)
Godwin 2017
The Interface:
The concept of the interface (used within media studies
and fan studies scholarship) offers a productive means
to examine theme parks.
"The interface is a concrete material object that helps
open the door to another's imaginary universe.
It makes concrete the imaginary".
(Lancaster 2001)
The Owlery Owlā€¦ā€¦
Godwin 2017
The Interface:
Interfaces involve touch, not just sight.
Potentially, interfaces allow fans to see, hear, touch,
taste, smell, and interact with story worlds.
It is important not to confuse Lancaster's use of the
term "interface," a material object allowing physical
interaction with story worlds, with computer, new
media, or other electronic interfaces that allow virtual
interaction with story worlds.
(Wolf 2012)
Godwin 2017
Immersion:
Physical Immersion
ā€¦in a theme
park ride or walk in video installation; the user is
physically surrounded by the constructed experience.
Conceptual Immersion
ā€¦relies on the userā€™s imagination; for example,
engaging books are considered 'immersive' if they
supply sufficient detail and description for the reader to
vicariously enter the imagined world.
(Wolf 2012)
Godwin 2017
Immersion:
Via multisensory material interfaces, theme parks
enable not only the most basic physical immersion of
rides or attractionsā€¦
ā€¦but also conceptual immersion in story worlds that
inspire those forms of entertainment.
(Godwin 2017)
Godwin 2017
In an immersive theme parkā€¦
ā€¦all of the material thingsā€”the
streets, the bricks, the tables and chairs, the lights, the
fountains, etc.ā€”that make up the themed or immersive
space can be used to tell immersive stories and/or
create specific feelings or moods in guests.
(Lukas 2013)
Godwin 2017
In an immersive theme parkā€¦
Corporate-created and controlled theme parks frame
and market ā€˜fan activitiesā€™ to encourage consumption.
Yet fans and other visitors, active as always, often use
such merchandise as additional interfaces to participate
in WWoHPā€™s attractions and to facilitate immersion in
the wizarding story world.
(Godwin 2017)
The Magic Wandā€¦
Godwin 2017
Media A2:
(3 min)
Theme Park Insider
Suspension of disbelief:
ā€œthe willingness to
accept the world of the imagination as real
ā€¦which allows [fans] to renew and extend their
belief in the imaginary beyond the confines
of the book or film.ā€
(Reijnders 2011)
Not only a fan's mind but also a fan's body experiences
immersion in a story world via such suspension of
disbelief: both conceptual and physical immersion.
(Godwin 2017)
Godwin 2017
Theme parks:
ā€œā€¦are the multidimensional descendant of the book,
film, and epic"
in whichā€¦
ā€œā€¦rides are mechanisms designed to position the
visitor's point of view, much as the camera lens is
aligned, moving riders past a series of meticulously
focused vignettes to advance the narrative.ā€
(King and O'Boyle 2011)
Godwin 2017
Theme parks:
ā€¦have changed their emphasis from
rides perceived as spectacles where guests passively
view wonders letting a story unfold around themā€¦
ā€¦to understandings of ridesā€¦featuring
interactivity and immersionā€¦
..allowing visitors active participation or even
taking the lead role in the adventure.
(Baker 2016)
Godwin 2017
CNN Business
PART 2
PART 2
THE VILLAGE
PART 2
THE VILLAGE
OF
POPEYE
PART 2
THE VILLAGE
OF
POPEYE
(Landscapes - from imagined to real)
Part 2: Landscapes - from imagined to real
Gold and Gold 2012: Introduction (pp 227-229)
Media B1:
(ONLY watch 1 min)
Jetter Cartoon
Media B2:
(2 min)
Paramount
Media B3:
(2 min)
Wikipedia
Lets Travel the World
The Story of Popeye Village:
ā€œA small road in north-west Malta provides access to a
cliff-top car park, but the settlement that it serves is no
ordinary fishing village. Vaguely reminiscent of small
ports along the sleepy backwaters of New Englandā€¦
Gold and Gold
The Story of Popeye Village:
ā€œA small road in north-west Malta provides access to a
cliff-top car park, but the settlement that it serves is no
ordinary fishing village. Vaguely reminiscent of small
ports along the sleepy backwaters of New Englandā€¦
ā€¦the quays and clapperboard houses of ā€˜Sweethavenā€™
in fact only date from 1979, when a film production
company, jointly created by Paramount Pictures and
Walt Disney Productions, selected the hitherto-
undeveloped inlet of Anchor Bay to construct a set for
the film Popeye, a musical based on the cartoon
character created by Elzie Crisler Segar.ā€
(Inge 1990)
Gold and Gold
The Story of Popeye Village:
After the completion of locational work in 1980, the
setā€™s future was uncertain. The filmmakers
painted the buildings with grey protective paint and
left, passing ownership to the Malta Film Facility.
Gold and Gold
The Story of Popeye Village:
After the completion of locational work in 1980, the
setā€™s future was uncertain. The filmmakers
painted the buildings with grey protective paint and
left, passing ownership to the Malta Film Facility.
The Malta Film Facility hesitantly decided to
retain Sweethaven as an attraction, seeking to generate
revenue by drawing in tourists interested in visiting the
sites of the filmā€™s production.
Gold and Gold
As Popeye faded into cinematic historyā€¦
ā€¦the landscapes of Sweethaven became shaped by new
attractions related to the packaging of Maltese tourism.
Gold and Gold
As Popeye faded into cinematic historyā€¦
ā€¦the landscapes of Sweethaven became shaped by new
attractions related to the packaging of Maltese tourism.
During 2017, these included demonstrations of local
handicrafts (especially by silversmiths), 15-minute boat
rides round the bay, sun-bathing decks, a beach lido,
a winery offering free tastings, a year-round Christmas
display ā€¦ a nine-hole mini-golf course and provision of
adventure playgroundsā€ (Gold and Gold 2012)
Gold and Gold
As Popeye faded into cinematic historyā€¦
ā€¦the landscapes of Sweethaven became shaped by new
attractions related to the packaging of Maltese tourism.
During 2017, these included demonstrations of local
handicrafts (especially by silversmiths), 15-minute boat
rides round the bay, sun-bathing decks, a beach lido,
a winery offering free tastings, a year-round Christmas
display ā€¦ a nine-hole mini-golf course and provision of
adventure playgroundsā€ (Gold and Gold 2012)
ā€¦activities at best only tangentially related to
the adventures of the strip-cartoon sailor.
Gold and Gold
Landscape and film ā€“ a complex relationship
The film-makers forever altered the landscapes of the
bay.
Gold and Gold
Landscape and film ā€“ a complex relationship
The film-makers forever altered the landscapes of the
bay.
The attractions of the ā€˜Popeye Villageā€™ are now
consumed by paying tourists who visit what is
effectively a 20,000-square-metre theme parkā€¦
Gold and Gold
Landscape and film ā€“ a complex relationship
The film-makers forever altered the landscapes of the
bay.
The attractions of the ā€˜Popeye Villageā€™ are now
consumed by paying tourists who visit what is
effectively a 20,000-square-metre theme parkā€¦
ā€¦with the additional expectations that the experience
of theme parks elsewhere bring.
Gold and Gold
Landscape and film ā€“ a complex relationship
Taken together, there has clearly been no
fixity surrounding the interpretation of the
landscapes of thisā€¦
ā€¦paradoxical, fictional-yet-existing place.
Gold and Gold
Forbes
PART 3
PART 3
SANTAā€™S VILLAGE
PART 3
SANTAā€™S VILLAGE
LAPLAND
PART 3
SANTAā€™S VILLAGE
LAPLAND
(Shared illusions in real places)
Part 3: Shared illusions in real places
Pretes 1995: (pp 8-14)
Santa becomes an industry:
Though Santa Claus has a longer history of living in
Lapland, the idea of using this connection as a tourism
marketing tool was realized only in the 1980s.
The Finnish Tourist Board, eager to promote Finland's
tourism image, wanted to create some new marketing
program that would reflect positively on Finland in
general and on Lapland in particular.
Pretes 1995
Santa becomes an industry:
The Santa Claus idea, though focused only on Lapland,
would attract tourists in greater numbers and would
have spill-over benefits in the rest of Finlandā€¦
ā€¦since foreign tourists inevitably pass through Helsinki
and might be convinced to visit other parts of the
country as well.
Pretes 1995
Media C1:
(3 min)
Santa Television
Santa Claus Land:
The idea of establishing Santa Claus as a tourism
attraction was debated sporadically in Finlandā€¦
Pretes 1995
Santa Claus Land:
The idea of establishing Santa Claus as a tourism
attraction was debated sporadically in Finlandā€¦
ā€¦but nothing took shape until 1984, when a Santa
Claus Work Group was formed by the Finnish Tourist
Board, a state agency.
Pretes 1995
Santa Claus Land:
The idea of establishing Santa Claus as a tourism
attraction was debated sporadically in Finlandā€¦
ā€¦but nothing took shape until 1984, when a Santa
Claus Work Group was formed by the Finnish Tourist
Board, a state agency.
That same year, the governor of
Lapland declared the entire province
Santa Claus Land.
Pretes 1995
Santa Claus as Spectacle:
The Santa Claus Village and its related constructions are
clearly contrived touristic sightsā€¦
ā€¦tourists perceive the inauthenticity of the
attraction, yet are nonetheless attracted to the sight.
The authenticity of the Santa Claus
Village lies in its representational
connection to the idea of Christmas
and Santa Claus.
Pretes 1995
Santa Claus as Spectacle:
The nostalgia for childhood, to become and remain a
child, and to find meaning in a perceived or
romanticized happier childhood, is a powerful
motivating force.
Santa Claus and his village become simultaneously
commodity, spectacle, and representation:
Christmas is now available in a
consumable form.
Pretes 1995
Nowā€¦
ā€¦letā€™s spend a few moments and experience the ā€˜sense
of placeā€™ in Santa Claus Land.
Sit back, soak in the images and atmosphere and
imagine yourself there, immersed in this world.
Pretes 1995
Media C2:
(3 min)
Santa Television
SHHHHHā€¦ DONā€™T TELLā€¦
WES HAS PLAYED FINNISH
SANTA
John Oliver
Wes Kinghorn
Wes Kinghorn
Daily Herald
PART 4
PART 4
But is there reallyā€¦
PART 4
But is there reallyā€¦
ā€¦an Anne?
PART 4
But is there reallyā€¦
ā€¦an Anne?
(Shared illusions in real places B)
Part 4: Shared illusions in real places B
Gothie 2016: (pp 413-418)
Media D1:
(2 min)
What Next
Anne and Prince Edward Island:
Anne is associated with the PEI (and Canada) as a
whole; however, the Anne tourist industry thrives near
sites historically linked to Montgomery.
Tourists can visit the north shore sites of Montgomeryā€™s
birth, childhood, employment, marriage, and burial;
thehome sites of her maternal (Macneill) and paternal
(Montgomery) grandparents, and of
her Campbell cousins.
Gothie 2016
Anne and Prince Edward Island:
Green Gables Heritage Place, operated by Parks
Canada, interprets the house upon which Montgomery
claimed to have based her most famous setting.
Furnished to depict the 1890s-era Green Gables
(ā€œthe house is decorated the way she imagined the
house in the novel,ā€ a guide explains), with bedrooms
staged to represent each fictional inhabitant, Green
Gables is the centerpiece of a complicated map of real
and imaginary places inhabited variously by
Montgomery, ā€œAnne,ā€ and the tourists who
follow in their stead.
Gothie 2016
Media D2:
(4 min)
The Toronto Star
Anne and Prince Edward Island:
Spatial cues reinforce the boundaries between fact
and fictionā€¦
ā€¦as visitors approach the barn, the large barn door,
folded open like a book cover, reveals the iconic Green
Gables, framed as if it were an illustration on a page.
Gothie 2016
Anne and Prince Edward Island:
The lifelike staging of Montgomeryā€™s fictional Green
Gables, from the storybook reveal through the barn
doors to the significant props displayed in the houseā€¦
ā€¦creates a compelling materialized imaginary
thatā€¦
ā€¦permits tourists to ā€œfeelā€ as if they
are arriving at ā€œGreen Gables.ā€
Gothie 2016
Anne and Prince Edward Island:
The touristā€™s (and tourism industryā€™s) focus on the
earliest moments of Montgomeryā€™s eight-volume series
of books suggests the appeal not only of
Anne as a child but also of Anne asā€¦
Gothie 2016
Anne and Prince Edward Island:
The touristā€™s (and tourism industryā€™s) focus on the
earliest moments of Montgomeryā€™s eight-volume series
of books suggests the appeal not only of
Anne as a child but also of Anne asā€¦
ā€¦an outsider.
(as is the tourist ā€“ as are we all at times)
Gothie 2016
Anne and Prince Edward Island:
Green Gables Heritage Place and other tourism
venues on Prince Edward Island cater
to the desire of thousands annually to arrive.
Gothie 2016
Anne and Prince Edward Island:
Green Gables Heritage Place and other tourism
venues on Prince Edward Island cater
to the desire of thousands annually to arrive.
Wearing red braids, tourists temporarily
inhabit Anne Shirley at her youthful moment of
arrival as a child and as an outsider.
Gothie 2016
Anne and Prince Edward Island:
Green Gables Heritage Place and other tourism
venues on Prince Edward Island cater
to the desire of thousands annually to arrive.
Wearing red braids, tourists temporarily
inhabit Anne Shirley at her youthful moment of
arrival as a child and as an outsider.
Worn for several hours or several seconds,
massproduced, hacked, or home-grown, red
braids advertise the wearerā€™s affinity for Anne.
Gothie 2016
The Sunday Post
PART 5
PART 5
Alice inā€¦
PART 5
Alice inā€¦
BROOKLYN?
PART 5
Alice inā€¦
BROOKLYN?
(Immersive theatre experiences)
Part 5: Immersive theatre experiences
Alston 2013: (pp 128-131)
ā€œTowards a Definition of Immersive Theatre: Hedonism,
narcissism and the experience industryā€
Immersive Theatre Defined:
ā€˜Immersive theatreā€™ may be broadly identified as
theatre thatā€¦
ā€¦surrounds audiences within an aesthetic space.
In which they are frequently, but not alwaysā€¦
ā€¦free to move and/or participate.
(Alston 2013)
Alston 2013
Aliceā€™s Adventures in Wonderland have been portrayed
on the screen many timesā€¦
Disney for example interpreted her this wayā€¦
Alston 2013
Media E1:
(3 min)
Santa Television
Aliceā€™s Adventures in Wonderland have been portrayed
on the screen many timesā€¦
And more recently this wayā€¦
Alston 2013
Disney
No mediaā€¦
Aliceā€™s Adventures in Wonderland have been portrayed
on the screen many timesā€¦
ā€¦but this one is a bit differentā€¦
Alston 2013
Media E2: Media E3:
(1 min) (20 seconds)
Then She Fell
My immersive theatre storyā€¦
ā€œIt all began in Brooklynā€¦ā€
Alston 2013
Then She Fell
Then She Fell
Then She Fell
Then She Fell
Then She Fell
Then She Fell
Then She Fell
Then She Fell
Then She Fell
Then She Fell
Immersive Theatre:
Once spectatorship is acknowledged as an embodied
and potentially affective activity, all theatre and
performance is, or at least has the potential to be, an
immersive activity.
In defining immersive theatre, it seems likely
that its distinguishing attributes will be
differences of degree, not kind.
(Alston 2013)
Alston 2013
Immersive Theatre:
Immersive theatre may be distinguished by the
sensory acts that it demands of audiences, such
as touching and being touched, tasting, smelling
and movingā€¦
ā€¦this latter often (but not always)
being characterized by freedom to move within
an aesthetic space.
(Alston 2013)
Alston 2013
Immersive Theatre:
The audience is an audience of
participants.
Alston 2013
Immersive Theatre:
Audiences are likely to find themselves
functioning as something more than an
audience, either as a character cast within
a given world, or as some kind of hyper-self,
even a pastiche of oneselfā€¦
ā€¦once confronted with a range of participatory
demands pining towards some kind of
revelation.
Alston 2013
Sleep No More
Media E4:
(3 min)
Sleep No More
PART 6
PART 6
GHOSTBUSTERS
PART 6
GHOSTBUSTERS
VR
PART 6
GHOSTBUSTERS
VR
(Dark rides and immersive media)
Part 6: Dark rides and immersive media
Zika 2018: Introduction (pp 54-59)
Media F1:
(1 min)
NerdReactor
Dark Rides:
The dark ride is a format of immersive media that
originated in the amusement parks of the USA in the
early 20th century.
Whilst their numbers have decreased, classic rides from
the 1930s to the 70s, such as the Ghost Train and
Haunted House experiences have been referenced is
films, games and novels of the digital era.
Although the format is well known,
it is not well defined.
Zika 2018
Dark Rides today:
Dark rides are still built today and represent some of
the most successful and innovative experiences at parks
across the globe.
(Creighton, 2016)
In 2018 Warner Brothers opened the largest indoor
theme park in the worldā€¦
(GulfNews 2018)
ā€¦and virtual reality company The Void added nine new
locations in the US alone.
(Fogel 2018)
Zika 2018
Thematic Journey:
At the end of the boardwalk in Blackpool England is the
Pleasure Beach Amusement park, built in 1896, it
features the oldest running electric dark ride on earth.
A GHOST TRAIN
Zika 2018 (image Tyron Tribulations)
Thematic Journey:
Even before the concept of the theme park had arrived,
the dark ride design created the sense of a fantastic but
sequential journey that could be understood and
engaged with before the experience began.
Everything from the rideā€™s name, the faƧade design and
in most cases the shapes of the carts themselves built
context for the ride theme.
Zika 2018 (image Tyron Tribulations)
360 Degree Imagery:
In the 1950s new ā€œwall-lessā€ track designs placed items
away from simply the front viewing position of the cart,
forcing the rider to look, left, right, above & behind.
SPOOKARAMA
Zika 2018 (image NY Historical Society)
Triggered sound:
In 1954, in Sylvan Beach, Laffland features great
examples of rudimentary sound devices that required
no electricity to function.
At various moments in the Laffland ride, a thud and a
crash are heard from outside of the riders facing
direction, without any visual cue.
LAFFLAND
Zika 2018 (image Theme Park Review)
Perspective and Illusion:
The goal of the dark ride is to transport
the audience somewhere fantastic, regardless of the
physical footprint of the ride, the attraction must create
the illusion of greater space. In the 1960s dark rides,
this was achieved with painted perspective.
There were extensive experiments with perspectival
illusion, sometimes extending the space with mirrors.
Zika 2018
Perspective and Illusion:
My Modern Met
Light and Touch:
Where lighting is completely
mediated and controlled, the use of haptic feedback
can be applied to enhance the illusion and the feeling of
unease in the dark ride design.
For exampleā€¦
ā€¢ crash doors;
ā€¢ rocky cave surface;
ā€¢ webs in den of spiders,
ā€¢ etc.
Zika 2018 (image Abandoned Theme Parks)
Todayā€¦
ā€¦little has changed from the earliest iterations of the
format, from controlling light and vision, utilizing
hidden haptic and sound devices to creating thematics
to prepare audiences for a journey.
Whether on large scale or small, these are still the
building blocks for transporting audiences to new
realities.
Zika 2018
Todayā€¦
Virtual reality offers cost benefits by
limiting the infrastructure needed for
traditional attractionsā€¦
ā€¦but this evolution, albeit cheaper, works best when it
observes the legacy of the dark rideā€¦
ā€¦to achieve the most comprehensive immersion
possible.
Zika 2018
Media F2:
(5 min)
Travel Channel
Universal Orlando
PART 7
PART 7
Now for the smaller scaleā€¦
PART 7
Thereā€™s a swordā€¦
PART 7
Thereā€™s a swordā€¦
IN MY CHICKEN
PART 7
Thereā€™s a swordā€¦
IN MY CHICKEN
(Immersive dining)
Part 7: Immersive dining
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999: (pp 235-239)
Characteristics of themed restaurants:
ā€¢ There is an organizing concept or narrative that is
drawn from widely-known cultural resources.
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
Characteristics of themed restaurants:
ā€¢ There is an organizing concept or narrative that is
drawn from widely-known cultural resources.
These typically include cinema, sport, fashion,
popular music, popular history, the natural world
and locality (drawing, for example, on cultural
stereotypes of place, nationality and ethnicity).
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
Characteristics of themed restaurants:
ā€¢ The narrative is made visible and tangible in the
physical structure of the restaurantā€™s interior and
very often of its exterior.
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
Characteristics of themed restaurants:
ā€¢ The narrative is made visible and tangible in the
physical structure of the restaurantā€™s interior and
very often of its exterior.
This process of giving the narrative a physical
presence for the consumer involves the use of a
variety of devices, including physical artefacts,
sound, decor, logos, menu terminology, uniforms
and merchandise.
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
Characteristics of themed restaurants:
ā€¢ Eating is not the central defining feature of a visit to
a themed restaurant.
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
Characteristics of themed restaurants:
ā€¢ Eating is not the central defining feature of a visit to
a themed restaurant.
Although the diner is concerned with taking in
nutrients, an equally compelling logic of the occasion
is the consumption of the theme itself and the
ambience it has been used to generate.
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
Media G1:
(3 min)
Las Vegas Review Journal
Other features shared with other restaurants:
ā€¢ The menu is typically standardized and the dishes
are designed to facilitate efficient production and
presentation.
The menu items are not necessarily related to the
theme itself. If there is such a relationship it is often
in connection with the naming of the items rather
than their culinary content.
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
Other features shared with other restaurants:
ā€¢ Dining conventions are essentially informal,
permitting variations in customer dress, demeanour,
levels of involvement, etc.
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
Other features shared with other restaurants:
ā€¢ There is an emphasis on accessibility in two senses:
First, in terms of literal geographical accessibility,
which usually involves proximity to large population
centres and/or well-developed transportation
facilities (usually by road), and;
Second, in terms of the cultural accessibility of the
thematic motif, i.e. it must be readily
comprehensible to large sections of the prospective
client population.
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
The parodic restaurantā€¦
ā€¦is primarily concerned with engaging patronsā€™
imagination by placing them in ā€˜the stylized atmosphere
and theatrical setting of a reconstituted realityā€™.
ā€¦the ambience is created by emphasizing diversion and
entertainment and by relying upon devices drawn from
ā€˜popular and stereotyped ideas and imagesā€™.
(Finkelstein 1989)
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
Examples of the parodic restaurantā€¦
ļƒ¼ a wild west saloon;
ļƒ¼ a village market;
ļƒ¼ a magic grotto;
ļƒ¼ a sailing ship;
ļƒ¼ a licentious eighteenth century tavern, or;
ļƒ¼ a Hollywood diner.
(Finkelstein 1989)
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
Media G2:
(3 min)
ABC News
Farm Static
Take a moment to considerā€¦
ā€¦close your eyes for a moment.
What themed restaurants have you visitedā€¦?
Time
Break-out session!
Work in small groups (in your bubble) or alone!
ļƒ¼ Find a restaurant online that matches our
description of a themed restaurant.
ļƒ¼ Discuss the elements on the following page in
small groups ā€“ or think about them on your
ownā€¦
Characteristics of themed restaurants:
ļƒ¼ There is an organizing concept or narrative that is
drawn from widely-known cultural resources;
ļƒ¼ The narrative is made visible and tangible in the
physical structure of the restaurantā€™s interior and
very often of its exterior;
ļƒ¼ Eating is not the central defining feature of a visit to
a themed restaurant.
Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
PART 8
PART 8
Where the museum and pop culture
collideā€¦
PART 8
Where the museum and pop culture
collideā€¦
ANIME MUSEUMS
Part 8: Anime museums
Denison 2010: (pp 548-549)
ā€œJapanā€™s anime museumsā€
(and pp 559-560)
ā€œConclusionsā€
Theme Parks in Japan:
Though there are significant distinctions to be made
between museums and theme parks, in the case of
anime there are overlaps worth investigating.
Denison 2010
Theme Parks in Japan:
Though there are significant distinctions to be made
between museums and theme parks, in the case of
anime there are overlaps worth investigating.
ā€œIn English, at least in British usage, a theme park is a
place to go with children, a fun-fair with rides and
excitement, but not usually much more . . . The
Japanese parks do sometimes have rides, but they are
not essential and they are often separated from the
main ā€˜culturalā€™ areas by a long walk or boat trip.ā€
(Hendry 2000)
Denison 2010
Theme Parks in Japan:
Though there are significant distinctions to be made
between museums and theme parks, in the case of
anime there are overlaps worth investigating.
Alsoā€¦ ā€œMost [Japanese theme parks] do, however,
include museums and displays about the people and
cultures represented, and several offer food, drink and
goods imported directly and advertised as unavailable
elsewhere in Japan.ā€
(Hendry 2000)
Denison 2010
Anime Museums in Japan:
These statements could just as easily refer to Japanā€™s
anime museums, such as the Toei Animation Galleryā€¦
ā€¦or, indeed, the Studio Ghibli Art Museum in Mitaka.
ļƒ˜ Both focus on the culture of anime in Japan and not American-
style theme park roller coasters or other rides.
ļƒ˜ Both feature short animated film screenings and souvenirs
that are exclusive to the museum spaces, making collection of
themed goods and special events part of the attraction of
visiting the sites. (Fujitsu 2002)
Denison 2010
Media H1:
(12 min ā€“ just play as much as you find interesting!)
DĆ©jĆ  vu Tokyo
Anime Museums in Japan:
The Studio Ghibli Art Museum, as seen in its
promotional and user discourses, represents a different
kind of tourist site to either of the polemical positionsā€¦
ā€¦of high cultural or McDisneyised
tourism.
Denison 2010
Anime Museums in Japan:
Viewed holistically, anime tourism therefore provides
inroads into a variety of culturesā€¦
ā€¦bringing together popular and academic discourses.
This ā€˜museum that is
not entirely like a museumā€™ there is then
ample opportunity for a
variety of audiences to get lost together.
Denison 2010
Puroland
https://en.puroland.jp/
END OF LECTURE

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Tourism Lecture 8 - Dr Wes Kinghorn.pptx

  • 1. This lecture is for class viewing only and is not to be reproduced, distributed or shared in any form.
  • 2. Media for this week: A) Harry Potter https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfjuBaWTLO4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ATvoxagi-7g B) Popeye https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z34e7ZBaxfE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=npUqfsI_L34 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IZ778ycQSGU C) Santa Claus https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JH9jCaHWkhM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HkkPitj41Cw D) Anne of Green Gables https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=miWcbeYnWGM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AxlxZHi3JHA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GncQtURdcE4 E) Alice in Wonderland https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLIqErnQCuw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JKEMavLsI9w https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k12NZLh_Xvg F) Ghostbusters https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QIbI4Wtgug https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WUs5qi_RFnM G) Themed Restaurants https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hjkLP97L3Lc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCO0gVt_Hl8 H) Anime https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yvkE6Nq8Pc8
  • 3. Episode 8: Tourism to Imaginary Places Dr. Wes Kinghorn
  • 6. About todayā€™s classā€¦ Today we will take a tour of some of the most innovative tourism places on earthā€¦ ā€¦places that allow the tourist to visit imaginary worlds.
  • 7. About todayā€™s classā€¦ ā€¢ 8 parts; ā€¢ Media clips will be followed by a discussion of the related article; ā€¢ I have amalgamated the readings into one document for you;
  • 10. PART 1 THE WIZARDING WORLD OF HARRY POTTER
  • 11. PART 1 THE WIZARDING WORLD OF HARRY POTTER (Immersive Theme Parks)
  • 12. Part 1: Immersive Theme Parks Godwin 2017: Introduction (pp 1-5)
  • 13. Media A1: (4 min) On the Go in MCO
  • 14. Immersive Theme Parks: ā€œUniversal Orlando's Wizarding World of Harry Potter ā€¦ includes Hogwarts castle (home of the Forbidden Journey ride) within Hogsmeade. The Hogwarts Express train ride connects to Harry Potter's version of London, which leads to Diagon Alley, which includes Knockturn Alley and the Escape from Gringotts ride. Hogsmeade, Diagon Alley, and Knockturn Alley all include shops and opportunities to cast "spells" using interactive wands sold within WWoHP.ā€ (Godwin 2017) Godwin 2017
  • 15. Immersive Theme Parks: My visit to the Wizarding World of Harry Potter Godwin 2017
  • 16. Story Worlds: ā€œStory worlds are defined as "places people can visit and live in for a time" (Lancaster 2001) Alternative terms include subcreated worlds, secondary worlds, diegetic worlds, constructed worlds, and imaginary worlds, media worlds, and many others. (Wolf 2012) Godwin 2017
  • 17. Story Worlds: Such imaginary worlds invite audience participation in the form of speculation and fantasies, which depend more onā€¦ ā€¦the fullness and richness of the world itself than on any particular storyline or character within itā€¦ ā€¦quite a shift from the traditional narrative film/novel. (Wolf 2012) Godwin 2017
  • 18. The Interface: The concept of the interface (used within media studies and fan studies scholarship) offers a productive means to examine theme parks. "The interface is a concrete material object that helps open the door to another's imaginary universe. It makes concrete the imaginary". (Lancaster 2001) The Owlery Owlā€¦ā€¦ Godwin 2017
  • 19. The Interface: Interfaces involve touch, not just sight. Potentially, interfaces allow fans to see, hear, touch, taste, smell, and interact with story worlds. It is important not to confuse Lancaster's use of the term "interface," a material object allowing physical interaction with story worlds, with computer, new media, or other electronic interfaces that allow virtual interaction with story worlds. (Wolf 2012) Godwin 2017
  • 20. Immersion: Physical Immersion ā€¦in a theme park ride or walk in video installation; the user is physically surrounded by the constructed experience. Conceptual Immersion ā€¦relies on the userā€™s imagination; for example, engaging books are considered 'immersive' if they supply sufficient detail and description for the reader to vicariously enter the imagined world. (Wolf 2012) Godwin 2017
  • 21. Immersion: Via multisensory material interfaces, theme parks enable not only the most basic physical immersion of rides or attractionsā€¦ ā€¦but also conceptual immersion in story worlds that inspire those forms of entertainment. (Godwin 2017) Godwin 2017
  • 22. In an immersive theme parkā€¦ ā€¦all of the material thingsā€”the streets, the bricks, the tables and chairs, the lights, the fountains, etc.ā€”that make up the themed or immersive space can be used to tell immersive stories and/or create specific feelings or moods in guests. (Lukas 2013) Godwin 2017
  • 23. In an immersive theme parkā€¦ Corporate-created and controlled theme parks frame and market ā€˜fan activitiesā€™ to encourage consumption. Yet fans and other visitors, active as always, often use such merchandise as additional interfaces to participate in WWoHPā€™s attractions and to facilitate immersion in the wizarding story world. (Godwin 2017) The Magic Wandā€¦ Godwin 2017
  • 24. Media A2: (3 min) Theme Park Insider
  • 25. Suspension of disbelief: ā€œthe willingness to accept the world of the imagination as real ā€¦which allows [fans] to renew and extend their belief in the imaginary beyond the confines of the book or film.ā€ (Reijnders 2011) Not only a fan's mind but also a fan's body experiences immersion in a story world via such suspension of disbelief: both conceptual and physical immersion. (Godwin 2017) Godwin 2017
  • 26. Theme parks: ā€œā€¦are the multidimensional descendant of the book, film, and epic" in whichā€¦ ā€œā€¦rides are mechanisms designed to position the visitor's point of view, much as the camera lens is aligned, moving riders past a series of meticulously focused vignettes to advance the narrative.ā€ (King and O'Boyle 2011) Godwin 2017
  • 27. Theme parks: ā€¦have changed their emphasis from rides perceived as spectacles where guests passively view wonders letting a story unfold around themā€¦ ā€¦to understandings of ridesā€¦featuring interactivity and immersionā€¦ ..allowing visitors active participation or even taking the lead role in the adventure. (Baker 2016) Godwin 2017
  • 32. PART 2 THE VILLAGE OF POPEYE (Landscapes - from imagined to real)
  • 33. Part 2: Landscapes - from imagined to real Gold and Gold 2012: Introduction (pp 227-229)
  • 34. Media B1: (ONLY watch 1 min) Jetter Cartoon
  • 38. The Story of Popeye Village: ā€œA small road in north-west Malta provides access to a cliff-top car park, but the settlement that it serves is no ordinary fishing village. Vaguely reminiscent of small ports along the sleepy backwaters of New Englandā€¦ Gold and Gold
  • 39. The Story of Popeye Village: ā€œA small road in north-west Malta provides access to a cliff-top car park, but the settlement that it serves is no ordinary fishing village. Vaguely reminiscent of small ports along the sleepy backwaters of New Englandā€¦ ā€¦the quays and clapperboard houses of ā€˜Sweethavenā€™ in fact only date from 1979, when a film production company, jointly created by Paramount Pictures and Walt Disney Productions, selected the hitherto- undeveloped inlet of Anchor Bay to construct a set for the film Popeye, a musical based on the cartoon character created by Elzie Crisler Segar.ā€ (Inge 1990) Gold and Gold
  • 40. The Story of Popeye Village: After the completion of locational work in 1980, the setā€™s future was uncertain. The filmmakers painted the buildings with grey protective paint and left, passing ownership to the Malta Film Facility. Gold and Gold
  • 41. The Story of Popeye Village: After the completion of locational work in 1980, the setā€™s future was uncertain. The filmmakers painted the buildings with grey protective paint and left, passing ownership to the Malta Film Facility. The Malta Film Facility hesitantly decided to retain Sweethaven as an attraction, seeking to generate revenue by drawing in tourists interested in visiting the sites of the filmā€™s production. Gold and Gold
  • 42. As Popeye faded into cinematic historyā€¦ ā€¦the landscapes of Sweethaven became shaped by new attractions related to the packaging of Maltese tourism. Gold and Gold
  • 43. As Popeye faded into cinematic historyā€¦ ā€¦the landscapes of Sweethaven became shaped by new attractions related to the packaging of Maltese tourism. During 2017, these included demonstrations of local handicrafts (especially by silversmiths), 15-minute boat rides round the bay, sun-bathing decks, a beach lido, a winery offering free tastings, a year-round Christmas display ā€¦ a nine-hole mini-golf course and provision of adventure playgroundsā€ (Gold and Gold 2012) Gold and Gold
  • 44. As Popeye faded into cinematic historyā€¦ ā€¦the landscapes of Sweethaven became shaped by new attractions related to the packaging of Maltese tourism. During 2017, these included demonstrations of local handicrafts (especially by silversmiths), 15-minute boat rides round the bay, sun-bathing decks, a beach lido, a winery offering free tastings, a year-round Christmas display ā€¦ a nine-hole mini-golf course and provision of adventure playgroundsā€ (Gold and Gold 2012) ā€¦activities at best only tangentially related to the adventures of the strip-cartoon sailor. Gold and Gold
  • 45. Landscape and film ā€“ a complex relationship The film-makers forever altered the landscapes of the bay. Gold and Gold
  • 46. Landscape and film ā€“ a complex relationship The film-makers forever altered the landscapes of the bay. The attractions of the ā€˜Popeye Villageā€™ are now consumed by paying tourists who visit what is effectively a 20,000-square-metre theme parkā€¦ Gold and Gold
  • 47. Landscape and film ā€“ a complex relationship The film-makers forever altered the landscapes of the bay. The attractions of the ā€˜Popeye Villageā€™ are now consumed by paying tourists who visit what is effectively a 20,000-square-metre theme parkā€¦ ā€¦with the additional expectations that the experience of theme parks elsewhere bring. Gold and Gold
  • 48. Landscape and film ā€“ a complex relationship Taken together, there has clearly been no fixity surrounding the interpretation of the landscapes of thisā€¦ ā€¦paradoxical, fictional-yet-existing place. Gold and Gold
  • 53. PART 3 SANTAā€™S VILLAGE LAPLAND (Shared illusions in real places)
  • 54. Part 3: Shared illusions in real places Pretes 1995: (pp 8-14)
  • 55. Santa becomes an industry: Though Santa Claus has a longer history of living in Lapland, the idea of using this connection as a tourism marketing tool was realized only in the 1980s. The Finnish Tourist Board, eager to promote Finland's tourism image, wanted to create some new marketing program that would reflect positively on Finland in general and on Lapland in particular. Pretes 1995
  • 56. Santa becomes an industry: The Santa Claus idea, though focused only on Lapland, would attract tourists in greater numbers and would have spill-over benefits in the rest of Finlandā€¦ ā€¦since foreign tourists inevitably pass through Helsinki and might be convinced to visit other parts of the country as well. Pretes 1995
  • 58. Santa Claus Land: The idea of establishing Santa Claus as a tourism attraction was debated sporadically in Finlandā€¦ Pretes 1995
  • 59. Santa Claus Land: The idea of establishing Santa Claus as a tourism attraction was debated sporadically in Finlandā€¦ ā€¦but nothing took shape until 1984, when a Santa Claus Work Group was formed by the Finnish Tourist Board, a state agency. Pretes 1995
  • 60. Santa Claus Land: The idea of establishing Santa Claus as a tourism attraction was debated sporadically in Finlandā€¦ ā€¦but nothing took shape until 1984, when a Santa Claus Work Group was formed by the Finnish Tourist Board, a state agency. That same year, the governor of Lapland declared the entire province Santa Claus Land. Pretes 1995
  • 61. Santa Claus as Spectacle: The Santa Claus Village and its related constructions are clearly contrived touristic sightsā€¦ ā€¦tourists perceive the inauthenticity of the attraction, yet are nonetheless attracted to the sight. The authenticity of the Santa Claus Village lies in its representational connection to the idea of Christmas and Santa Claus. Pretes 1995
  • 62. Santa Claus as Spectacle: The nostalgia for childhood, to become and remain a child, and to find meaning in a perceived or romanticized happier childhood, is a powerful motivating force. Santa Claus and his village become simultaneously commodity, spectacle, and representation: Christmas is now available in a consumable form. Pretes 1995
  • 63. Nowā€¦ ā€¦letā€™s spend a few moments and experience the ā€˜sense of placeā€™ in Santa Claus Land. Sit back, soak in the images and atmosphere and imagine yourself there, immersed in this world. Pretes 1995
  • 65. SHHHHHā€¦ DONā€™T TELLā€¦ WES HAS PLAYED FINNISH SANTA John Oliver
  • 70. PART 4 But is there reallyā€¦
  • 71. PART 4 But is there reallyā€¦ ā€¦an Anne?
  • 72. PART 4 But is there reallyā€¦ ā€¦an Anne? (Shared illusions in real places B)
  • 73. Part 4: Shared illusions in real places B Gothie 2016: (pp 413-418)
  • 75. Anne and Prince Edward Island: Anne is associated with the PEI (and Canada) as a whole; however, the Anne tourist industry thrives near sites historically linked to Montgomery. Tourists can visit the north shore sites of Montgomeryā€™s birth, childhood, employment, marriage, and burial; thehome sites of her maternal (Macneill) and paternal (Montgomery) grandparents, and of her Campbell cousins. Gothie 2016
  • 76. Anne and Prince Edward Island: Green Gables Heritage Place, operated by Parks Canada, interprets the house upon which Montgomery claimed to have based her most famous setting. Furnished to depict the 1890s-era Green Gables (ā€œthe house is decorated the way she imagined the house in the novel,ā€ a guide explains), with bedrooms staged to represent each fictional inhabitant, Green Gables is the centerpiece of a complicated map of real and imaginary places inhabited variously by Montgomery, ā€œAnne,ā€ and the tourists who follow in their stead. Gothie 2016
  • 77. Media D2: (4 min) The Toronto Star
  • 78. Anne and Prince Edward Island: Spatial cues reinforce the boundaries between fact and fictionā€¦ ā€¦as visitors approach the barn, the large barn door, folded open like a book cover, reveals the iconic Green Gables, framed as if it were an illustration on a page. Gothie 2016
  • 79. Anne and Prince Edward Island: The lifelike staging of Montgomeryā€™s fictional Green Gables, from the storybook reveal through the barn doors to the significant props displayed in the houseā€¦ ā€¦creates a compelling materialized imaginary thatā€¦ ā€¦permits tourists to ā€œfeelā€ as if they are arriving at ā€œGreen Gables.ā€ Gothie 2016
  • 80. Anne and Prince Edward Island: The touristā€™s (and tourism industryā€™s) focus on the earliest moments of Montgomeryā€™s eight-volume series of books suggests the appeal not only of Anne as a child but also of Anne asā€¦ Gothie 2016
  • 81. Anne and Prince Edward Island: The touristā€™s (and tourism industryā€™s) focus on the earliest moments of Montgomeryā€™s eight-volume series of books suggests the appeal not only of Anne as a child but also of Anne asā€¦ ā€¦an outsider. (as is the tourist ā€“ as are we all at times) Gothie 2016
  • 82. Anne and Prince Edward Island: Green Gables Heritage Place and other tourism venues on Prince Edward Island cater to the desire of thousands annually to arrive. Gothie 2016
  • 83. Anne and Prince Edward Island: Green Gables Heritage Place and other tourism venues on Prince Edward Island cater to the desire of thousands annually to arrive. Wearing red braids, tourists temporarily inhabit Anne Shirley at her youthful moment of arrival as a child and as an outsider. Gothie 2016
  • 84. Anne and Prince Edward Island: Green Gables Heritage Place and other tourism venues on Prince Edward Island cater to the desire of thousands annually to arrive. Wearing red braids, tourists temporarily inhabit Anne Shirley at her youthful moment of arrival as a child and as an outsider. Worn for several hours or several seconds, massproduced, hacked, or home-grown, red braids advertise the wearerā€™s affinity for Anne. Gothie 2016
  • 90. Part 5: Immersive theatre experiences Alston 2013: (pp 128-131) ā€œTowards a Definition of Immersive Theatre: Hedonism, narcissism and the experience industryā€
  • 91. Immersive Theatre Defined: ā€˜Immersive theatreā€™ may be broadly identified as theatre thatā€¦ ā€¦surrounds audiences within an aesthetic space. In which they are frequently, but not alwaysā€¦ ā€¦free to move and/or participate. (Alston 2013) Alston 2013
  • 92. Aliceā€™s Adventures in Wonderland have been portrayed on the screen many timesā€¦ Disney for example interpreted her this wayā€¦ Alston 2013
  • 94. Aliceā€™s Adventures in Wonderland have been portrayed on the screen many timesā€¦ And more recently this wayā€¦ Alston 2013
  • 96. Aliceā€™s Adventures in Wonderland have been portrayed on the screen many timesā€¦ ā€¦but this one is a bit differentā€¦ Alston 2013
  • 97. Media E2: Media E3: (1 min) (20 seconds) Then She Fell
  • 98. My immersive theatre storyā€¦ ā€œIt all began in Brooklynā€¦ā€ Alston 2013
  • 109. Immersive Theatre: Once spectatorship is acknowledged as an embodied and potentially affective activity, all theatre and performance is, or at least has the potential to be, an immersive activity. In defining immersive theatre, it seems likely that its distinguishing attributes will be differences of degree, not kind. (Alston 2013) Alston 2013
  • 110. Immersive Theatre: Immersive theatre may be distinguished by the sensory acts that it demands of audiences, such as touching and being touched, tasting, smelling and movingā€¦ ā€¦this latter often (but not always) being characterized by freedom to move within an aesthetic space. (Alston 2013) Alston 2013
  • 111. Immersive Theatre: The audience is an audience of participants. Alston 2013
  • 112. Immersive Theatre: Audiences are likely to find themselves functioning as something more than an audience, either as a character cast within a given world, or as some kind of hyper-self, even a pastiche of oneselfā€¦ ā€¦once confronted with a range of participatory demands pining towards some kind of revelation. Alston 2013
  • 115. PART 6
  • 118. PART 6 GHOSTBUSTERS VR (Dark rides and immersive media)
  • 119. Part 6: Dark rides and immersive media Zika 2018: Introduction (pp 54-59)
  • 121. Dark Rides: The dark ride is a format of immersive media that originated in the amusement parks of the USA in the early 20th century. Whilst their numbers have decreased, classic rides from the 1930s to the 70s, such as the Ghost Train and Haunted House experiences have been referenced is films, games and novels of the digital era. Although the format is well known, it is not well defined. Zika 2018
  • 122. Dark Rides today: Dark rides are still built today and represent some of the most successful and innovative experiences at parks across the globe. (Creighton, 2016) In 2018 Warner Brothers opened the largest indoor theme park in the worldā€¦ (GulfNews 2018) ā€¦and virtual reality company The Void added nine new locations in the US alone. (Fogel 2018) Zika 2018
  • 123. Thematic Journey: At the end of the boardwalk in Blackpool England is the Pleasure Beach Amusement park, built in 1896, it features the oldest running electric dark ride on earth. A GHOST TRAIN Zika 2018 (image Tyron Tribulations)
  • 124. Thematic Journey: Even before the concept of the theme park had arrived, the dark ride design created the sense of a fantastic but sequential journey that could be understood and engaged with before the experience began. Everything from the rideā€™s name, the faƧade design and in most cases the shapes of the carts themselves built context for the ride theme. Zika 2018 (image Tyron Tribulations)
  • 125. 360 Degree Imagery: In the 1950s new ā€œwall-lessā€ track designs placed items away from simply the front viewing position of the cart, forcing the rider to look, left, right, above & behind. SPOOKARAMA Zika 2018 (image NY Historical Society)
  • 126. Triggered sound: In 1954, in Sylvan Beach, Laffland features great examples of rudimentary sound devices that required no electricity to function. At various moments in the Laffland ride, a thud and a crash are heard from outside of the riders facing direction, without any visual cue. LAFFLAND Zika 2018 (image Theme Park Review)
  • 127. Perspective and Illusion: The goal of the dark ride is to transport the audience somewhere fantastic, regardless of the physical footprint of the ride, the attraction must create the illusion of greater space. In the 1960s dark rides, this was achieved with painted perspective. There were extensive experiments with perspectival illusion, sometimes extending the space with mirrors. Zika 2018
  • 129. Light and Touch: Where lighting is completely mediated and controlled, the use of haptic feedback can be applied to enhance the illusion and the feeling of unease in the dark ride design. For exampleā€¦ ā€¢ crash doors; ā€¢ rocky cave surface; ā€¢ webs in den of spiders, ā€¢ etc. Zika 2018 (image Abandoned Theme Parks)
  • 130. Todayā€¦ ā€¦little has changed from the earliest iterations of the format, from controlling light and vision, utilizing hidden haptic and sound devices to creating thematics to prepare audiences for a journey. Whether on large scale or small, these are still the building blocks for transporting audiences to new realities. Zika 2018
  • 131. Todayā€¦ Virtual reality offers cost benefits by limiting the infrastructure needed for traditional attractionsā€¦ ā€¦but this evolution, albeit cheaper, works best when it observes the legacy of the dark rideā€¦ ā€¦to achieve the most comprehensive immersion possible. Zika 2018
  • 134. PART 7
  • 135. PART 7 Now for the smaller scaleā€¦
  • 136. PART 7 Thereā€™s a swordā€¦
  • 137. PART 7 Thereā€™s a swordā€¦ IN MY CHICKEN
  • 138. PART 7 Thereā€™s a swordā€¦ IN MY CHICKEN (Immersive dining)
  • 139. Part 7: Immersive dining Beardsworth and Bryman 1999: (pp 235-239)
  • 140. Characteristics of themed restaurants: ā€¢ There is an organizing concept or narrative that is drawn from widely-known cultural resources. Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 141. Characteristics of themed restaurants: ā€¢ There is an organizing concept or narrative that is drawn from widely-known cultural resources. These typically include cinema, sport, fashion, popular music, popular history, the natural world and locality (drawing, for example, on cultural stereotypes of place, nationality and ethnicity). Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 142. Characteristics of themed restaurants: ā€¢ The narrative is made visible and tangible in the physical structure of the restaurantā€™s interior and very often of its exterior. Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 143. Characteristics of themed restaurants: ā€¢ The narrative is made visible and tangible in the physical structure of the restaurantā€™s interior and very often of its exterior. This process of giving the narrative a physical presence for the consumer involves the use of a variety of devices, including physical artefacts, sound, decor, logos, menu terminology, uniforms and merchandise. Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 144. Characteristics of themed restaurants: ā€¢ Eating is not the central defining feature of a visit to a themed restaurant. Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 145. Characteristics of themed restaurants: ā€¢ Eating is not the central defining feature of a visit to a themed restaurant. Although the diner is concerned with taking in nutrients, an equally compelling logic of the occasion is the consumption of the theme itself and the ambience it has been used to generate. Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 146. Media G1: (3 min) Las Vegas Review Journal
  • 147. Other features shared with other restaurants: ā€¢ The menu is typically standardized and the dishes are designed to facilitate efficient production and presentation. The menu items are not necessarily related to the theme itself. If there is such a relationship it is often in connection with the naming of the items rather than their culinary content. Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 148. Other features shared with other restaurants: ā€¢ Dining conventions are essentially informal, permitting variations in customer dress, demeanour, levels of involvement, etc. Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 149. Other features shared with other restaurants: ā€¢ There is an emphasis on accessibility in two senses: First, in terms of literal geographical accessibility, which usually involves proximity to large population centres and/or well-developed transportation facilities (usually by road), and; Second, in terms of the cultural accessibility of the thematic motif, i.e. it must be readily comprehensible to large sections of the prospective client population. Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 150. The parodic restaurantā€¦ ā€¦is primarily concerned with engaging patronsā€™ imagination by placing them in ā€˜the stylized atmosphere and theatrical setting of a reconstituted realityā€™. ā€¦the ambience is created by emphasizing diversion and entertainment and by relying upon devices drawn from ā€˜popular and stereotyped ideas and imagesā€™. (Finkelstein 1989) Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 151. Examples of the parodic restaurantā€¦ ļƒ¼ a wild west saloon; ļƒ¼ a village market; ļƒ¼ a magic grotto; ļƒ¼ a sailing ship; ļƒ¼ a licentious eighteenth century tavern, or; ļƒ¼ a Hollywood diner. (Finkelstein 1989) Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 154. Take a moment to considerā€¦ ā€¦close your eyes for a moment. What themed restaurants have you visitedā€¦? Time
  • 155. Break-out session! Work in small groups (in your bubble) or alone! ļƒ¼ Find a restaurant online that matches our description of a themed restaurant. ļƒ¼ Discuss the elements on the following page in small groups ā€“ or think about them on your ownā€¦
  • 156. Characteristics of themed restaurants: ļƒ¼ There is an organizing concept or narrative that is drawn from widely-known cultural resources; ļƒ¼ The narrative is made visible and tangible in the physical structure of the restaurantā€™s interior and very often of its exterior; ļƒ¼ Eating is not the central defining feature of a visit to a themed restaurant. Beardsworth and Bryman 1999
  • 157. PART 8
  • 158. PART 8 Where the museum and pop culture collideā€¦
  • 159. PART 8 Where the museum and pop culture collideā€¦ ANIME MUSEUMS
  • 160. Part 8: Anime museums Denison 2010: (pp 548-549) ā€œJapanā€™s anime museumsā€ (and pp 559-560) ā€œConclusionsā€
  • 161. Theme Parks in Japan: Though there are significant distinctions to be made between museums and theme parks, in the case of anime there are overlaps worth investigating. Denison 2010
  • 162. Theme Parks in Japan: Though there are significant distinctions to be made between museums and theme parks, in the case of anime there are overlaps worth investigating. ā€œIn English, at least in British usage, a theme park is a place to go with children, a fun-fair with rides and excitement, but not usually much more . . . The Japanese parks do sometimes have rides, but they are not essential and they are often separated from the main ā€˜culturalā€™ areas by a long walk or boat trip.ā€ (Hendry 2000) Denison 2010
  • 163. Theme Parks in Japan: Though there are significant distinctions to be made between museums and theme parks, in the case of anime there are overlaps worth investigating. Alsoā€¦ ā€œMost [Japanese theme parks] do, however, include museums and displays about the people and cultures represented, and several offer food, drink and goods imported directly and advertised as unavailable elsewhere in Japan.ā€ (Hendry 2000) Denison 2010
  • 164. Anime Museums in Japan: These statements could just as easily refer to Japanā€™s anime museums, such as the Toei Animation Galleryā€¦ ā€¦or, indeed, the Studio Ghibli Art Museum in Mitaka. ļƒ˜ Both focus on the culture of anime in Japan and not American- style theme park roller coasters or other rides. ļƒ˜ Both feature short animated film screenings and souvenirs that are exclusive to the museum spaces, making collection of themed goods and special events part of the attraction of visiting the sites. (Fujitsu 2002) Denison 2010
  • 165. Media H1: (12 min ā€“ just play as much as you find interesting!) DĆ©jĆ  vu Tokyo
  • 166. Anime Museums in Japan: The Studio Ghibli Art Museum, as seen in its promotional and user discourses, represents a different kind of tourist site to either of the polemical positionsā€¦ ā€¦of high cultural or McDisneyised tourism. Denison 2010
  • 167. Anime Museums in Japan: Viewed holistically, anime tourism therefore provides inroads into a variety of culturesā€¦ ā€¦bringing together popular and academic discourses. This ā€˜museum that is not entirely like a museumā€™ there is then ample opportunity for a variety of audiences to get lost together. Denison 2010