2.  Relationships are not static. They change
over time. So, we are looking for patterns of
humans interactions
 How has the interaction changed over time?
 Are there more or less people involved?
 Have the environmental impacts changed?
 Have the practices changed?

3.  There is a place. A ‘natural’ place.
 See if you can picture it in your head – what it
looks like is completely up to you.
 What would you be doing there?
 We will look at 4 possibilities.
 See if you can work them out.
 Try and fill out some of your summary table
as you go.

4.  Using outdoor settings for activities that are
personally enjoyable.
 Bushwalking, skiing, rock climbing, scenic
tours

5.  Ancient recreation – Koorie groups spent 4-5
hours per day hunting an gathering.
 Remainder of day could be used for recreation –
story telling, dancing, learning skills for food
collection, games.
 European settlers – little time for relaxation –
clearing land, planting crops – always something
to do!
 1880’s – start to see establishment of huts in
mountain and coastal areas for recreational
visitors.

6.  After 1950’s – increasing incomes leads to
greater recreation in outdoors.
 Expansion of tourism providers and
equipment stores.
 Increased clubs/organisations.
 Progressively increasing management
strategies to restrict impacts to the
environments from high use.

7.  Using the natural world as a resource to make
money.
 Agriculture, mining, water extraction, hydro-
electricity generation, grazing.

8.  Commercial activity has increased in line with
population growth in Australia.
 Indigenous commerce – area specific
resources like stone – used for axe heads
traded to tribes of other areas.
 Early 1800’s – sealing, agriculture
 Mid 1800’s – agriculture, gold mining
 Current – agriculture (again!) water
extraction, mining, forestry harvesting.

9.  Advances in technology have allowed greater
efficiency, and also greater effects from
primary industries.
 Eg – if taking water from the soil leads to
salinity, having a machine that allows you to take
lots of water makes this happen rapidly
 But…greater understanding of environmental
issues is leading to more
restrictions, limitations and laws in relation to
land clearance, disposing of chemicals etc.

10.  It has taken our nation 150 years to start
really implementing controls on primary
industries to protect the environment.
 These work by way of legislation – forcing
people to do things they wouldn’t otherwise
do?
 How does this compare with the ways that
indigenous people looked after their land.
 How are our values different?

11.  Working in a positive manner to restore
natural environments.
 Research, erosion control, weed and feral
animal eradication, management of
catchment areas, walking track maintenance.
 National Parks, Landcare, Coastcare, Land for
wildlife, wilderness society.

12.  First settlers – little importance. Australia was
a colony on the other side of the world – they
had come to acquire more resources and
expand the empire.
 Early conservation – protecting waterways
that supplied major towns and cities –
Melbourne, Sydney – conservation for
human’s sake!
 Late 1800’s – emergence of field naturalists
clubs and first national park.

13.  Conservation organisations, policies and
practices since 1960’s have grown in line with
increasing use of the outdoors.
 Outside of most urban and agricultural areas
are typically state parks or national
parks, with varying levels of protection.
 Local environmental needs still typically
considered secondary to economic purposes
– protected areas are not set in economically
prosperous areas.

14.  Combines commercial and recreational
interactions – you have fun, I make money.
 Closely linked with the other relationships.
 Four wheel drive tours, residential
camps, fishing tours, ecotourism, trail riding.

15.  Late 1800’s. As recreational use was
increasing, opportunity for economic gains.
 Mount Buffalo declared national park in 1898
– provides attraction.
 Road built into area in 1908 – easy access to
area.
 Mt Buffalo chalet built in 1910 – attraction +
access = good business!

16.  As industry grew, governments started to
actively support tourism to increase jobs and
economic output of the country.
 Big ad campaigns overseas etc.
 Big business today!

17.  We are a society of ‘consumers’.
 The logic works like this:
 We have an ‘economy’. In economy, we have people
who make things.
 Other people buy, or ‘consume’ these things.
 We all need money to buy the things.
 So, we all need jobs, to get money to buy the things.
 So, we go and work for the people who make the
things, so we can have money to but other things.
 The more things you have, the more successful you
are, and the happier you are!

18.  As we buy more things, this increases ‘demand’
– so companies make more things.
 As companies make more things, there is a
greater ‘supply’. The more things there are out
there, the more things we want, which increases
demand.
 This is called ‘growth’ – which is a good thing as
it creates more jobs, and more money
 This means that growth will need to keep going
on forever.
 Why could this be an issue?

19.  In historical relationships, we looked at the
ideas if viewing the land as a resource.
 Today, we a re all ‘consumers’, or customers.
 The environment is another thing that we can
‘consume’ – pay money to go on a tour – we
consume that service.
 What implications are there for viewing the
environment as another service which can be
consumed?