Torsten Schoch - Međunarodni simpozij "Savremeni pristup energetskoj efikasnosti u građevinarstvu i arhitekturi"

YTONG SILKA HEBEL FERMACELL FELS

Torsten Schoch ·Xella Technologie- und Forschungsgesellschaft mbH 1

Xella Technologie- und Forschungsgesellschaft mbH

Torsten Schoch
Managing Director


Xella Technologie- und Forschungsgesellschaft mbH
High quality building materials you can depend on - today and in the future

Our products are developed in association
with scientists and engineers
and are rigorously tested.



Our research is based on three areas of expertise...

 Product and Process Research
 Applied Research
 Building Physics

... as well as sand deposits, environmental protection and
patenting



Product and Process Research

Analytical chemistry, technical centre, mortar laboratory, materials testing
Basic research into innovative products and alternative
technologies and processes
 Optimising recipes and physical characteristics
 Quality assurance and quality control
 Representing technical interests through involvement with national
and international standard committees and professional bodies



Applied Research
Building materials testing and development, suitability testing
Building components and systems are installed and tested.
Suitability testing of plaster, mortar and exterior insulation
and finishing systems.
 Representing technical interests through involvement with
national and international standards committees and
professional bodies
 Preparing national and European initial approvals for
building products and construction techniques



Building Physics
Thermal Insulation and Damp Proofing, Fire Protection,
Sound Insulation / Acoustics

Technology for better buildings in the long run
 Developing new solutions using building physics: Energy conservation, use of alternative energies
 Building a healthy environment, indoor climate, use of daylight
 Developing modern software and instrumentation



Training with Xella
Energy efficiency and energy conservation are becoming
increasingly relevant to work in the construction industry.
A building’s energy requirement has become one of the
key factors in determining the choice of building material.

Xella offers nationally and internationally recognised
training courses for DEKRA energy consultants.

Further training and education
 Specialist events covering a wide variety of current
topics with well-known speakers
 Software training events - e.g. introductory course for
Psi-Therm 2011 and ProjektCAD 2011 Wohnbau
software applications
 Specialist construction days


DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025 Accreditation
Certificate



Significance of the building sector using the example
of Europe

Heating and cooling
of buildings: 75%

Please note:
Buildings: 40%
Transport: 32%
30% of the entire energy
consumption in Europe is
allotted to heating and
cooling of buildings.
Industry: 28%

Heating of water

Electrical devices
and lighting
Source: EURIMA, ECOFIS-study
„Mitigation of CO2 Emissions from the Building Stock“

Torsten Schoch ·Xella Technologie- und Forschungsgesellschaft mbH

Energy Policy in Euope



Political and Economical Motivation

Environment: Climate change: up to +6,4°C in 2100 (IPCC)
Financial and Economic Crisis: EC´s Economic Recovery Plan
Social and Economic: Recent energy prices and their volatility
Security & Economy: EU Energy Import Dependency - Forecast


EPBD 2011

Nearly zero energy buildings

(1) Member States shall ensure that:
a) by 31 December 2020, all new buildings are nearly zero energy buildings as defined in
Article 2(1a), and
b) after 31 December 2018, public authorities that occupy and own a new building shall
ensure that the building is a nearly zero energy building as defined in Article 2(1a)
Member States shall draw up national plans for increasing the number of nearly zero
energy buildings. These national plans may include targets differentiated according to the
category of building.
1a. Member States shall furthermore, following the leading example of the public sector,
develop policies and take measures such as targets in order to stimulate the
transformation of buildings that are refurbished into nearly zero energy buildings, and
inform the Commission thereof in their national plans referred to in paragraph 1.



Significance of the individual components of a
building envelope
Chimney

Please note:
The best energy is the energy you
Roof do not consume.
Therefore, the first step when
planning an energy-efficient
building should be to optimise the
building envelope.
Window

Wall

Thermal bridges

Floor
Source: Exane BNP Paribas


Future Scenario :

What will drive design and construction in the future?
Politics/Environment/Society
Tightening of regulations Affordable
Modernization/ living
Renovation of buildings
Increasing prices
for raw materials
Uncertain financing of & energy
construction projects
Healthy living
Energy producing and
storage functions of
buildings Smart materials and active Intelligent houses
surfaces
Building Shell/Technology/Materials
Lightweight
Fast and easy construction
construction
Green and sustainable
buildings Industry/Architecture


What is energy-efficient ?
The only right answer today and in the future ?
YTONG Solar panels
SILKA HEBEL FERMACELL FELS more insulation

additional air used air

additional air used air

triple glazing outgoing air

fresh
outside
air

ventilation system with high soil
efficiency/heat recovery system collectors/
heat pump

Zero-energy buildings…

…are buildings that produce as much energy as they consume over a full year.

A Comparison with the low energy house is possible, additional needs:
 Renewable energy system such as solar and wind power (house = small and
smart power station)
 High-insulated envelop, appr. 30 % better than a low-energy house


Energy-Plus buildings…

…are buildings that produce more energy than they consume over a full year.

A Comparison with the low energy house is possible, additional needs:
 Renewable energy system such as solar and wind power (house = small and smart power
station)
 High-insulated envelop, appr. 60 % better than a low-energy house
 Extra energy is usually electricity produced with solar cells



Focus of energy optimization of new buildings on
building envelope

Which measures do our target groups have currently in mind
with regard to energy optimization of new buildings?

Building Envelope Installation Engineering Renewable Energies
7% 2% 12%
25%

Yes Yes
Yes
Don't know 22% Don't know
Don't know No
No
No

66% 52%
23%
91%


What is the current price of energy saving????

envelop 0,63 €/ for saving of 1 litre/m³oil/gas

windows 1,55 €/ for saving of 1 litre/m³oil/gas

Building service 0,53 €/ for saving of 1 litre/m³oil/gas


What will be the expected price of energy saving????

envelop 0,75 €/ for saving of 1 litre/m³oil/gas

windows 2,00 €/ for saving of 1 litre/m³oil/gas

Building service 3,00 €/ for saving of 1 litre/m³oil/gas

....by trend we expect an increase of the importance of the
building envelope due to the fact that the next steps of energy
saving has to be combined with more and more (expensive)
sophisticated technologies like heat pump and solar- supported
heating systems

A decrease of thermal conductivity of 20 mW has the same influence on
the primary energy demand as the use of a heat pump …

Quelle:
LCA of Building Materials
Berlin, 2000

Overview expected U-value requirements in 2020
(80% of the market)

red: U ≤ 0,15 W/(m²K)
grey: 0,15 W/(m²K) < U ≤ 0,25 W/(m²K)
green: U ≥ 0,25 W/(m²K)


Innovation leadership due to the best products

Das Technikum Brück

Typical low energy AAC-Walls

Monolithic walls
Exterior rendering 10 mm Exterior rendering 10 mm
YTONG 300 mm YTONG 365 mm
interior rendering 10 mm interior rendering 10 mm

PPW2-0,35; l = 0,09 W/(mK)
U-value = 0,28 W/(m²K) U-value = 0,23 W/(m²K)
PPW2-0,40; l = 0,10 W/(mK)
U-value = 0,31 W/(m²K) U-value = 0,26 W/(m²K)
PPW4-0,50; l = 0,12 W/(mK)
U-value= 0,36 W/(m²K) U-value= 0,30 W/(m²K)



Monolithic walls

PPW2-0,35; l= 0,08 W/(mK)
U-value = 0,18 W/(m²K) U-value= 0,16 W/(m²K)



Cavity walls
Masonry outer leaf 115 mm Masonry outer leaf 115 mm
air layer 40 mm little gap 10 mm
insulation WLG 0,35 80 mm insulationWLG 0,35 140 mm

PPW2-0,40; l= 0,10 W/(mK)
PPW4-0,50; lR = 0,12 W/(mK)
U-value= 0,21 W/(m²K) U-value = 0,17 W/(m²K)


Low energy AAC-Walls for the furture

Monolithic walls

PPW2-0,35; l= 0,07 W/(mK)


Keep in mind...the advantages of AAC ...

... The thermal conductivity is the same in all And the other materials ?
directions.

l = 0,08 l = 0,45 ??
bis 0,16 W/(mK)

l = 0,08 l = 0,08 l = 0,10
bis 0,16 W/(mK) l = 0,08 –0,18 ??
bis 0,16 W/(mK) bis 0,18 W/(mK)



Comparison of the airtightness of buildings
House 1 Insulated brick masonry; rafter roof
Measured values with sheet
Pressure difference inside/outside Δp = 50 Pa House 2 Limestone masonry and insulation;
rafter roof with sheet
House 3 Expanded clay masonry and
insulation; rafter roof with sheet
House 4 Insulated brick masonry;
Air change rate β in h-1

House 5 insulated brick masonry;
House 6 Wooden masonry and insulation;
House 7 AAC masonry;
House 8 AAC masonry
AAC solid roof
House 9 AAC masonry;
AAC solid roof
* in the context of a model project of built low-energy houses
Source: Bundesverband Porenbeton



Heat insulation in summer is getting a hot topic

Is heat insulation in summer a key issue in your sales talks?
70

60
Evaluation in %

50

40

30

20

10

0
CZ NL RS SK DE AT HU PL HR BE BG ES IT FR CN RO

2008 2010 2012


Benefits of good thermal inertia...

... combined with long cooling time:

 give a comfortable, constant room climate
 aviod overheating in summer
 save heating and cooling costs
Massive walls and ceilings

store the heat at daytime - the room stays cool ... and give it back to the room when it gets cold in the night



„M1“- the plus energy house

generate more energy than consume
!Energy plus with YTONG energy +


The recasted EPBD requires…
Definition und Bewertungsmethode

a) All new build „nearly zero energy buildings“ as of 2020 (public
sector: 2018). Remaining energy need mainly coverd by RES
b) Minimum energy performance requirements for all existing
buildings that undergo an energy relevant renovation
c) Level of minimum energy performance requirements for new
buildings (until 2020) and renovations: Benchmarking to
achieve cost-optimal levels
d) Requirement for Member States to lay down min. energy
performance levels for technical building systems when
installed, replaced or upgraded


Plus-Energy Housing Standard

Definition and Calculation Method

Definition
In its publication on the allocation of grants for model “plus-energy” housing projects, the Federal
Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development defines the plus-energy house standard
as achieving negative annual primary energy use ( Qp < 0 kWh/(m²a)) combined with negative
annual final energy use ( Qe< 0 kWh/(m²a)).
All additional conditions of the Germany Energy Conservation Regulation 2009 (EnEV),
such as the provision of thermal comfort in the summer, must also be complied with.

Calculation Method
Primary and final energy use is verified on the basis of the German Energy Conservation Ordinance
2009 (EnEV) in accordance with DIN V 18599. In addition to the EnEV verification procedure,
final and primary energy use values for household lighting, appliances and processes must be
included in the calculation.
This is based on a standard value of 20 kWh/m²a per dwelling (with cooking accounting for
3 kWh/m²a) up to maximum of 2,500 kWh/a per dwelling.


Plus-Energy Housing Standard

Additional Requirements
To qualify for subsidy, the house must be equipped throughout with appliances
in the highest energy efficiency class (A++ or better in accordance with the Energy
Consumption Labelling Regulation of 30 October 1997 [BGBl. I S.2616], last amended
by Article 1 of the Ordinance of 19 February 2004 [s.BGBl. I S. 311] EnVKV-)
and smart metering systems.

Further Information
In addition to the single values for annual primary energy use and annual final
energy use, the ratio of energy consumed to renewable energy generated must
be included in the energy balance. This is calculated on a monthly basis in
accordance with the EnEV.


Location of the building


Section AA


Elevations


The chosen construction

roof U= 0,16
W/(m²K)
26 cm Insulation
mineral between
wool rafters

window U= 0,80
W/(m²K)
Three Solar
layer transmission
55 %

Wall U= 0,15
W/(m²K)
Interior CSU slab U= 0,16
wall W/(m²K) Ytong t= 40 cm
energy
t 11,5/17,5 cm 22 cm Bottom and plus
EPS above the
insulation slab

Detailed calculation of thermal bridges


Basis configuration of HVAC devices


PLUS +++++++++++

Carport system with photovoltaic for charging the
electric vehicle

Special thin-film modules for walls
Battery system for 40 kWh (20 kWh available)

Heating demand of the M1-house


demand of domestic hot water


Yields of photovoltaic


Yields of renewable energy (air and solarthermic)


The “below zero” balance


guidelines for monitoring

Simplified model of building energy flows based on the structure of EPBD

Auxiliary energy

Auxiliary energy

Auxiliary energy

Auxiliary energy
final energy Energy demand

heat
cooling

emission
heat

distribution
light
heat cooling power
cooling electricity information
storage
heat
fuels electricity
generation

cooling
heat losses
electricity
cooling
electricity losses
solar radiation
losses

losses

declining availability of measured data

declining accuracy of demand calculation


Overview of the hydraulic circuit – monitoring points


Monitoring system – yield of photovoltaic


Photovoltaic system - overview

Inverter House connection box

Electric meter- PV

Control box for the battery system fuse

fuse

Two ways electric meter

Battery switch

Batteries

Cost overview


Torsten Schoch - Međunarodni simpozij "Savremeni pristup energetskoj efikasnosti u građevinarstvu i arhitekturi"

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Torsten Schoch - Međunarodni simpozij "Savremeni pristup energetskoj efikasnosti u građevinarstvu i arhitekturi"