1. • The
direc)on
of
race
bias
in
mock-­‐jury
experiments
remains
inconsistent2.
Moderators
such
as
crime
type
and
plain)ff
SES
have
been
iden)fied,
substan)al
variance
remains.
Social
Dominance
Orienta/on
Predicts
Race
Bias
in
Trustworthiness
Judgments
Yiqin
Alicia
Shen
and
Yuichi
Shoda
University
of
Washington
Background
For
addi(onal
informa(on,
please
contact
Yiqin
Alicia
Shen:
yiqin@uw.edu
Current Research
• Perceived
trustworthiness
is
one
of
the
most
important
variables
influencing
the
evalua)on
of
subsequent
evidence.
• Two
studies
using
the
Highly-­‐Repeated
Within-­‐Person
Design
(HRWP)1
inves)gated
whether
there
are
individual
differences
in
the
effect
of
s)mulus
person
race
on
perceived
trustworthiness.
• Addi)onally,
we
iden)fied
par)cipant
characteris)cs
(e.g.,
social
dominance
orienta)on
(SDO),
explicit
White
preference,
mo)va)on
to
avoid
prejudice)
that
predicted
individual
varia)on
in
race
effects.
for
each
video
Par)cipant
#40
Shows
Black
Preference
t(47)=3.41,P<.001
• Par)cipants
lower
in
SDO
and
explicit
white
preference
find
Black
s)mulus
person
more
trustworthy
in
experiment
1
and
2
(exp1:
g11sdo
=
-­‐0.09,
p
=
0.012;
g11ewp
=
-­‐0.05,
p
=.003).
• Internal
mo)va)on
and
external
mo)va)on
are
not
related
to
individual
differences
in
race
bias
in
experiments
1
and
2.
• Individual
differences
in
race
bias
in
trustworthiness
could
be
predicted
by
individual’s
social
dominance
orienta)on
and
explicit
white
preference.
• Future
research
could
lead
to
methods
to
predict
poten)al
race
bias
in
jurors
1 Whitsett, D. D., & Shoda, Y. (2014). An approach to test for individual differences in the effects of situations without using
moderator variables. Journal of experimental social psychology, 50, 94-104.
2 Mitchell, T. L., Haw, R. M., Pfeifer, J. E., & Meissner, C. A. (2005). Racial bias in mock juror decision-making: a meta-analytic
review of defendant treatment. Law and Human Behavior, 29(6), 621.
Stimuli and Participants
• Par)cipants
in
general
find
that
Black
s)mulus
persons
are
more
trustworthy
than
White
s)mulus
persons
M(b1j)=0.19,
p<.001
• Significant
individual
varia)on
in
the
effect
of
s)mulus
race
on
perceived
trust
SD(b1j)=0.22,p<.001
• Results
replicated
in
experiment
2
(n=124)
Predicting Individual Differences
Conclusion and Future Directions
Methods: Highly Repeated Within
Person Design
Par)cipant
#57
Shows
White
Preference
t(47)=3.04,p=.004
S)muli
Exp1:
60
(17
Black,
31
White,
12
others
)
10-­‐sec
silent
videos
of
a
plain)ff
or
defendant
Exp2:
69
(24
Black,
26
White,
19
others)10-­‐second
silent
videos
of
a
plain)ff
or
defendant
Par)cipants
Exp1:
N=90,
36%
White,
43%
Asian,
70%
Female
Exp2:
N=124,
49%
White,
32%
Asian,
65%
Female
Example
S)muli
“If
you
were
the
judge,
would
you
trust
this
person?”
(1-­‐5)
1=
Definitely
would
not,
5=
Definitely
would
White
Black
Graphed
25%
randomly
selected
par)cipants
Trustworthinessij=b0j+
b1j[Raceij
of
s)mulus
person]+rij
Trustworthiness
judged
by
the
jth
par)cipant
for
the
ith
s)mulus
person:
References
Black
White
2
4
3
3
SDO lower half
SDO upper half
White
Black
2
4
3
Internal Motivation
Lower Half
Internal Motivation
Upper Half
Black
White
Explicit White Preference
lower half
Explicit White Preference
Upper half
4
3
2
One
graph
for
each
par)cipant
4
3
2
White
Black
External Motivation
Lower Half
External Motivation
Upper Half
Graphed
25%
randomly
selected
par)cipants
Graphed
25%
randomly
selected
par)cipants
Graphed
25%
randomly
selected
par)cipants
Graphed
25%
randomly
selected
par)cipants