It is basically describes the environment of our surroundings and how we can protect it.

1. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
MODULE 1
PREPARED BY:
Ms. RAJNI SACHDEVA

2. ENVIRONMENT
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 Our Surrounding
 The sum total of all the conditions and influences that affect the development
and life of organisms.
 Every organism lives in their own environment.
 For us, Environment consists of Air, Water and Land.
 Our existence on the Earth depends upon the maintenance of symbiotic
equilibrium with our environment.

3. Environment
According to Boring: A person’s environment consists of the sum total of the stimulation which he
receives from his conception until his death.
According to Douglas and Holland: the term environment is used to describe in the aggregate, all the
external forces, influences and conditions, which affect the life ,nature,behaviour , the growth
,development and maturity of living organisms.
External forces: Physical,economic,political,cultural,social,moral and emotionalactivity
Other Definitions:
Environmental Science – Study of environment, its biotic & abiotic components and their interrelationship.
Environmental Engineering – Application of environmental principles to the protection and enhancement.
Environmental Studies – Awareness on Environmental protection.

4. MAJOR COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENT
Biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems. It
refers to our environmental surroundings which
is the zone of life on earth. It includes:
• Atmosphere : Virtual Ocean ofAir
• Hydrosphere: The surface of Earth filled with
any form of Water
• Lithosphere : Outer shell of the Earth
composed of crust and the rigid outer most
mantle
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5. ENVIRONMENTALSTUDIES
It is a field of study that systematically studies human interaction with
the environment. It is understanding the functions of various
components of environment.
It deals with the analysis of the processes in water, air, land, soil &
organisms which lead to pollution or environmental degradation. Thus,
help us understand the scientific basis for establishing standards
acceptably safe, clean & healthy for man & natural ecosystem (animals,
birds, aquatic life, etc.)

6. MAJOR GOALS OF EVS
To improve the quality of Environment
To create an awareness among the people on environmental problems and
conservation
To create an atmosphere so that people participate in decision making and
develop the capabilities to evaluate the developmental programmes

7. Objectives and Guiding Principles of Environmental Studies:
The objectives of environmental studies are:
a) Creating the awareness about environmental problems among people.
(b) Imparting basic knowledge about the environment and its allied problems.
(c) Developing an attitude of concern for the environment.
(d) Motivating public to participate in environment protection and environment
improvement.
e)Acquiring skills to help the concerned individuals in identifying and solving
environmental problems.
(f) Striving to attain harmony with Nature.

8. The importance’s of environmental studies are as :
 To clarify modern environmental concept like how to
conserve biodiversity.
 To know the more sustainable way of living.
 To use natural resources more efficiently.
 To know the behaviour of organism under natural conditions.
 To know the interrelationship between organisms in
populations and communities.

9. Cont….
 To aware and educate people regarding environmental issues and problems at local,
national and international levels.
 Economy and welfare of human society
 Maintenance of ecological balance
 Food security
 Ue of ecotechnologies
 Conservation of natural resources

10. Cont……..
 Source of happiness
 Maintenance of life and health
 Social development
 To direct attention towards the problem of population explosion,exhaustion of
natural resources,pollution and method of solving problems

11. Scope of Environmental Studies:
(a) Environmental Science:
It deals with the scientific study of environmental system (air, water, soil and land),
the inherent or induced changes on organisms and the environmental damages
incurred as a result of human interaction with the environment.
(b) Environmental Engineering:
It deals with the study of technical processes involved in the protection of
environment from the potentially deleterious effects of human activity and
improving the environmental quality for the health and well beings of humans.
c) Environmental Management:
It promotes due regard for physical, social and economic environment of the
enterprise or projects. It encourages planned investment at the start of the
production chain rather than forced investment in cleaning up at the end.
It generally covers the areas as environment and enterprise objectives, scope, and
structure of the environment, interaction of nature, society and the enterprise,
environment impact assessment, economics of pollution, prevention, environmental
management standards etc.

12. SCOPE OF EVS
Day- to- day interaction with the surroundings with which human being
is closely associated
Related to many branches of science
Concerned with the importance of wild life & its protection
Explains the significant role of biodiversity in establishing ecological
balance
Deals with the different types of ecosystems, biotic and abiotic factors
and their role in the significance and sustenance of ecosystems.

13. Concerned with different types of food chains, food webs, productivity,
biomass, carrying capacity of ecosystems
Gives information relating to population explosion, growth and
development, impact of population growth on the resource
consumption and national economy
Explains the coexistence of both living and non living organisms and
their contribution to the nature for its sustenance

14. Explains the significance of forests and their products in the human
routine and to country’s economy
Gives information about water conservation, watershed management
and the importance of water

15. Need for PublicAwareness:
Environmental issues received International Attention on June 5, 1972 at Stockholm(Sweden)
 Pressure caused due to population increase, urbanization and poverty – Govt. and NGOs for creating awareness.
 Environmental pollution cannot be removed by laws alone – need active participation from the public / individuals.

16. Cont……
 Implementation of Environmental Protection Plans.
 Developing societies, lifestyle and attitudes – self-oriented.
 Environmental pollution awareness.
 Socioeconomic problems
 Maintenance of ecological balance
 Conscious, purposeful and planned interaction with environment
 Depletion of natural resources,

17. General:
World Environment Day – June 5 to raise global awareness of the need to take positive environmental action. It is run by the
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
Theme 2014 - The theme for this year’s World Environment Day celebrations is Rise our voice not the sea level.
Theme 2017-connecting people to nature
Theme 2018-Beat plastic
Theme 2019- Beat Air pollution
Theme 2020-celebrate biodiversity/Time for nature
What’s the use of a beautiful house if you don’t have a decent planet to put it on? – Hendry D. Thoreau