Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology to transfer genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. Genome editing occurs when scientists insert, remove, or replace genetic material from a cell’s genome. While genetic modification could result in benefits like better health and stronger species, it also carries several risks such as allergic reactions, reduced nutritional value, ecological impacts, lack of biodiversity, and increased pesticide and herbicide use that could harm both humans and wildlife.