Recommended
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Csf cisterns
Similar to Csf cisterns (20)
More from Wafik Bahnasy
More from Wafik Bahnasy (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Csf cisterns
- 6. ♣ During reading brain CT or MRI films, our eyes are usually attracted to the brain parenchyma while , inspite of its great importance, the CSF cisterns do not gain the same degree of attention. ♣ Cistern is Latin word means box.
- 7. ♣ The brain and spinal cord are covered by 3 layers; the dura (2 layers), the arachnoid and the pia maters. (1) The dura mater (tough mother): falx cerebri vessels, falx cerebelli, tentorium cerebelli and diaphragma sella. (2) Arachnoid: spidery & holds the blood vessels. (3) Pia mater: delicate mother.
- 8. ♣ The subarachnoid space is the anatomic space between the arachnoid and pia maters. It is a narrow space containing CSF as well as vascular and nervous elements.
- 9. ♣ The subarachnoid cisterns are discrete named spaces within the subarachnoid space where the pia mater and arachnoid membrane are not in close approximation. ♣ The cisterns may have vessels and/or cranial nerves passing through them. ♣ Loss of one or more of the cisterns is a sign of increased intracranial pressure. Loss of symmetry of one or more of the cisterns may be a sign of midline shift.
- 10. ◘ The adult have 150 cc of CSF. ◘ The CSF is formed in the lateral ventricle in a rate of 0.5 – 1 cc /minute.
- 11. According to Ventricular Communication
- 20. ◘ Location: - Surrounding the medulla. - Continous posteriorly with the cisterna magna. ◘ Contents: - Vertebral arteries. - PICA. - Anterior spinal artery. - Posterior spinal arteries. - Premedullary vein. - Cr N 12.
- 25. ◘ Location: - Between the pons and the clivus. - Has a central portion and two lateral recesses between the pons and cerebellum. - Continuous above with the interpeduncular cistern. - Receives CSF from lateral apertures of 4th ventricle (Luschka).
- 26. ◘ Contents (in descending fashion): - Cr N 5. - The superior cerebellar artery (SCA). - Cr Ns 4, 8 & 7. - A loop of the AICA. - PICA and Cr Ns 9, 10 & 11 in close relation to it. - Cr N 12. - The basilar artery.
- 30. ◘ Location: - Lies behind the medulla and below the cerebellar hemispheres. - Continous with 4th ventricle through median aperture of Magendie. ◘ Contents: - Its lateral part contains the vertebral artery and its PICA branch.
- 32. ◘ Location: - Lies below the vermis and between the cerebellar tonsils. - Connects the 4th ventricle and cisterna magna. ◘ Contents: - PICA and falax cerebelli. Vallecula
- 33. ◘ Agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis. ◘ Cystic dilatation of the 4th ventricle. ◘ Enlargement of the posterior fossa with high level tentorium. ◘ Hydrocephalus.
- 34. ◘ Location: - Between the tentorium cerebelli and superior vermis. ◘ Contents: - Superior cerebellar artery. - Superior vermian vein
- 36. ◘ Location: - Triangular subarachnoid space lies between the anterior surface of the cerebellum and the lateral surface of the pons. ◘ Contents: - AICA. - Cr N 7 & 8.
- 37. ◘ Also called lateral cerebello- medullary cistern. ◘ Contents: - Cr N 9 & 10.
- 38. ◘ Schwanoma ◘ Arachnoid Cyst ◘ Meningioma ◘ Epidermoid ◘ Metastasis ◘ Paraganglioma
- 39. Inferior CP angle arachnoid cyst Superior CP angle acoustic neuroma
- 43. ◘ Location: - Between the cerebral peduncles. - Continuous below with the pontine cistern, laterally with the ambient cisterns, and superiorly with the suprasellar cistern. ◘ Contents: - Basilar tip. - PCA. - SCA. - Inter-peduncular vein. - Cr N 3.
- 45. ◘ is a short trunk formed by the union of the two internal cerebral veins and basal veins of Rosenthal. ◘ It lies in the quadrigeminal cistern. It curves backward and upward around the posterior border of the splenium of the corpus callosum to drain into the confluence of the inferior sagittal sinus and the anterior extremity of the straight sinus.
- 46. ◘ Contents: - Vein of Galen. - Precentral vein. - P3 of PCA.
- 50. ◘ Location: - Between the midbrain cerebral peduncles medially and uncus of the temporal lobe laterally. ◘ Contents: - P2 segment of PCA. - Superior cerebellar artery. - Anterior choroidal artery. - Basal vein of Rosenthel.
- 51. ◘ Location: - Extends around both sides of midbrain between the interpeduncular cistern anteriorly and the qudrigeminal cistern posteriorly. ◘ Contents: - P2 segment of PCA. - Superior cerebellar artery. - Anterior choroidal artery. - Lateral mesencephalic vein. - Basal vein of Rosenthel. - Cr N 4.
- 55. ◘ Paired, paramedian veins which originate on the medial surface of the temporal lobe and run posteriorly and medially. It passes lateral to the midbrain through the ambient cistern to drain into the vein of Galen.
- 57. ◘ Usually venous in origin due to anomalies in the basal vein of Rosenthel or great vein of Galen in which they may be partially or completely absent with direct drainage of the cerebral veins to the brain sinuses.
- 59. Supra-Sellar / Chiasmatic Cistern ◘ Location: - Lies superior to the sellar diaphragm. - Continuous posteriorly with the interpeduncular cistern and laterally with the sylvian cistern. ◘ Contents: - It contains the anterior part of the circle of Willis and the optic nerve as it passes to the chiasm. - Pituitary Infundibulum.
- 60. ◘ Chiasmatic cistern is the part of suprasellar cistern that is anterior to the optic nerve. ◘ Part of the subarachnoid space goes through the infundibular orifice and forms a small cavity above the pituitary gland.
- 62. ◘ Location: - Lateral to the sella. - Inferior to the anterior clinoid process. - Superior to the cavernous sinus. ◘ Contents: - Internal carotid artery (C7). - Origin of ACA, MCA, AchA and PcomA.
- 63. ◘ Location: - Between the carotid cistern and sylvian fissure. ◘ Contents: - MCA. - Superficial and deep sylvian veins.
- 65. ♣ It is an arachnoid membrane located between the interpeduncular cistern posteriorly, the infundibulum anteriorly, the carotid cisterns antero-laterally, and the chiasmatic cistern antero- medially.
- 66. ◘ Lower attachment: Dorsum sellae. ◘ Upper attachment: Mammillary body. ◘ Lateral attachment: - Arachnoid sheath surrounding the oculomotor nerve and the mesial surface of the temporal lobe above the tentorial edge. - The membrane has a free edge between the optic tract and the temporal uncus.
- 67. D = diencephalic segment, M = mesencephalic segment, S = sellar segment.
- 68. The lateral border of the Liliequist membrane is directly attached to the oculomotor nerves bilaterally.
- 69. ◘ Diencephalic segment: - Separates the interpeduncular cistern from the chiasmatic cistern. ◘ Mesencephalic segment: - Separates the interpeduncular cistern from the prepontine cistern
- 72. ◘ The supra-optic recess, above the optic chiasma. ◘ the infundibular recess, above the pituitary stalk. ◘ The pineal and suprapineal recesses.
- 73. ♣ In endoscopic 3rd ventriculostomy, a small perforation is made in the thinned floor of the 3rd ventricle, allowing movement of CSF out of the blocked ventricular system and into the interpenducular cistern.
- 74. ◘ Location: - Above the corpus callosum and between the cingulate gyri. - Continuous posteriorly with the quadrigeminal cistern. ◘ Contents: - The pericallosal artery
- 76. ◘ Location: - It is the superior extension of suprasellar and chiasmatic cisterns that extend to the superior surface of corpus callosum as the pericallosal cistern. - It lies anterior to the lamina terminalis, inferior to the rostrum of the corpus callosum and superior to the optic chiasma ◘ Contents: - ACA. - A Com A. Cistern of Lamina Terminalis
- 78. ◘ Location: - The velum interpositum is a small membrane containing a potential space just above and anterior to the pineal gland which can become enlarged to form a cavum velum interpositum.
- 79. ◘ Extensions: - Closed anterior end: behind the interventricular foramen. - Open posterior end: Continuous with the quadrigeminal cistern. ◘ Contents: - Internal cerebral vein.
- 80. ◘ Location: - Lateral extension of the ambient cistern posterior to the thalamic pulvinar. ◘ Contents: - Lateral posterior choroidal artery
- 82. ◘ Lies between the leaflets of the septum pellucidum and sometimes called the 5th ventricle. ◘ The 5th and 6th ventricles are actually subarachnoid cisterns and not in direct communication with the ventricular system.
- 83. ◘ Sometimes called 6th ventricle. ◘ It is the posterior extension of the cavum septum pellucidum and commonly coexist together. ◘ Lies posterior to the anterior columns of the fornix and inferior to the splenium of the corpus callosum. Cavum Vergae Cavum Septum Pellucidum
- 84. ◘ It is a normal variant where there is a dilated velum interpositum CSF space larger than 1 cm in axial transverse measurement.
- 87. ◘ The obex is the point at which the 4th ventricle narrow to become the central canal of the spinal cord. ◘ Located at the level of the foramen magnum. ◘ Neurosurgical intervention in syringomyelia and syringobulbia involve plugging of the obex to prvent CSF transmission to the central canal of the spinal cord.
- 89. ♣ Sudden rise of intra-cisternal pressure in acute SAH results in blood reflux to the ventricles through the 4th ventricle foramina. ♣ The interface between the quadrigeminal cistern and the 3rd ventricle, and between the ambient cistern and lateral ventricle, may be part of the compensatory CSF pathways from cisterns to ventricles in pathological conditions.
- 91. From Cisterns Point of View
- 93. Lamina Terminalis Cistern Sylvian Cistern Interpeduncular Cistern