CMS

1. Muhammad Waseem 13-arid-1054
Lab tests for common bacterial diseases of animals
1.Anthrax
Ascoli test,Immunofluorescence test,PCR
2.Brucellosis
Ziehl-neelesen’s staining, PCR, CFT, Rose bengal test [RBT], buffered plate agglutination test [BPAT]), ELISA
Idirect and competitive, fluorescence polarisation assay (FPA), In lactating cattle, the milk ring test MRT can be
used for screening herds for brucellosis.
3. Leptospirosis
Microscopic agglutination test (MAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Technique Principle
Agglutination Known antiserum causes bacteria or other particulate antigens to clump
together or agglutinate
Complement fixation Known antiserum mixed with the test antigen and complement is added. Sheep
red blood cells and hemolysins are then added. Positive test: no hemolysis,
negative test: hemolysis
Enzyme-linked
immunosorbant assay
(ELISA) ; Enzyme
immunoassay (EIA)
A rapid test where an antibody or antigen is linked to an enzyme as a means of
detecting a match between the antibody and antigen.
Fluorescent antibody Fluorescent dye is attached to known antibodies. When the fluorescent
antibody reacts with the antigen, the antigen will fluoresce when viewed with a
fluorescent microscope.

2. 4.Q fever
Indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) test, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the
complement fixation test (CFT). ELISAs are preferred for practical reasons and for their higher sensitivity.
5. Fowl typhoid and pullorum disease
The rapid whole blood agglutination test,
SalmonellaPullorum SalmonellaGallinarum
TSI glucose (acidformation) + +
TSI glucose (gas formation) v –
TSI lactose – –
TSI saccharose – –
TSI hydrogen sulphide v v
Gas from glucose (medium with Durham
tube)
+ –
Urea hydrolysis – –
Lysine decarboxylation + +
Ornithine decarboxylation + –
Maltose fermentation – or late + +
Dulcitol – +
Motility – –
6. Fowl cholera (avian pasteurellosis)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR),
Test* Pasteurella
multocida gallinarum
Haemolysis on blood
agar
_ _
Growth on MacConkey’s
agar
_ _
Indole production + _
Gelatin liquefaction _ _
Catalase production + +
Urease production _ _
Glucose fermentation + +
Lactose fermentation _ _
Sucrose fermentation + +
Maltose fermentation _u +
Ornithine decarboxylase + _
7. Bovine genital campylobacteriosis (BGC)
Tests
described
in Table 1
must be
done on
pure
cultures.
25°C
42°C Oxidase Catalase NaCl 3.5% Glycine 1% H2S(b) Nalidixic
acid
C. fetus
subsp.
venereali
s
V – + V – – – V
C. fetus
subsp.
fetus
+ V(a) + + – + – R
C. jejuni – V(c) + V(d) – V – S(e)
C.
hyointesti
– + + + – V V R

3. nalis
C.
sputorum
– + + V + + + V
ELISA, PCR
8. Bovine tuberculosis
Delayed hypersensitivity test, Animalinoculation, PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
9. Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS)
rapid slide agglutination, indirect haemagglutination for ‘capsular’ typingusing sheep red blood cells coated with bacterial
extracts, ‘somatic’ typingby agar gel immunodiffusion tests using heat-treated cell extracts, or agglutination using acid-
treated cells. Confirmation of the isolates can be made using molecular techniques.
10. Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP)
PCR, Thecomplement fixation test (CFT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). immunoblotting test (IBT)
11. Black Quarter
Tube agglutination test, counter immuno electrophoresis, double immuno diffusion test used to detect humoral antibody,
Immunofluorescence, Fluorescent antibody test to detect antigen.
Biological inoculation
Filtrate containing spores obtained from infected animals heated at 60°C for 30 minutes and injected one ml into glutial
muscle of guinea pig leads to death in 48hrs.
12. Tetnus
Using ELISA, serum pre- and post-vaccination samples (15-21 days apart) can be tested for antibody titers against the
protein or sugar vaccine antigens. Theinterpretation of results should include theclinical history, serumimmunoglobulin
concentrations, and peripheral blood lymphocytephenotyping.
13. Enterotoxemia
Clostridial toxin testing – ELISAs are carried out on small intestinal contents. Test urine for glucose,Brain
histopathology
14. Mastitis
California Mastitis Test (CMT; a cow-side test; this is the one we use in class), the Wisconsin Mastitis Test
(WMT; on-farm test), Microscopic Somatic Cell Count. Surf field mastitis test.
15. CCPP
Latex Agglutination Test,CFT or cELISA, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), IHA
16. Botulism Laboratory Confirmation
Mouse Bioassay, ELISA, Mass Spectrometry (MS), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
17. Glanders
Methodology
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR),Biochemicals, Broth Micro Dilution, Multilocus
sequence typing (MLST), Multiple-Locus Variable number tandem repeat
Analysis (MLVA),Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
18. Corynebacterium species
Primary Culture based on specimen type, MALDI-TOF,16S sequence based

4. Identification
19. Listeriosis
Phenotypic Identification, Genetic Identification, PFGE