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Vocab for Advance
English
1. Dearth (n) - Lack or Scarcity
When there is a dearth of food ,many people may starve
2. Deduce (v) – to conclude from the evidence or to infer
From the footprints on the ground ,the detective deduced that he was the
culprit
3. Destitute (adj) –extremely poor
To be left destitute is to be left without money or property
4.Eminent (adj) - well known and respected
The entire audience fell silent when the eminent scientist walked onto the
stage
5.Garrulous (adj) – talkative ,chatter
John is so garrulous that he loves to remain with his garrulous friends
6.Explicit (adj) - Clearly and directly expressed
The machine’s instructions were explicit-They told us exactly what to
do
7.Extol (v) –to praise highly ,to laud
The millionaire extolled the citizen who returned his gold watch and
then rewarded him
8. Extrovert (n) –Open minded person
The little girl was quite an extrovert ,she walked boldly into the
roomful of strange people adults and struck up a friendly conversation.
9.Intrinsic (adj) –inherent ;essential nature of something
John’s intrinsic boldness was always getting him into trouble
10.Inveterate (adj) - Habitual
Eric was an inveterate liar .
1.Equivocal (adj) Ambigious, intentionally confusing
John’s response was equivocal
2. Engima(n) A mystery
John is an Enigma.He never does any homework but he always gets good
grades
3. Delude (v) – to deceive
The man deluded us into thinking that he would make us rich
But instead he tricked us .
4.Culpable (adj) – guilty,deserving blame
The accountants failure to spot the errors made him culpable in the tax –
fraud case
5.Contrite (adj) admitting guilt ,like feeling remorseful
Rosy was contrite about her mistake ,so we forgave her
1. cynic(n) - one who believes humans are motivated by selfishness
when the rich man gave a million dollars to the museum ,cynics said he
was merely trying to buy himself a reputation as a cultured person.
2. Denizen (n) – inhabitant
To be a denizen of a country is to live there.
3. Egalitarian (adj) – believing in the social and economic equality of all
the people
People often lose interest in egalitarian measures when such measures
interfere with their own interests .
4. Encroach (v) - to trespass
My neighbour encroached on my yard by building his
fence a few feet on my side of the property
5. Extrapolate (v) to deduce ,to infer
John came up with a probable recipe by
extrapolating from the taste of the cookies he had
eaten at the store
1.Hapless (adj) – unlucky
John’s hapless search for fun led him from one disappointment to
another.
2. Impeccable (adj) –flawless ,entirely without sin
The children’s behaviour was impeccable
3. Ironic (adj) - meaning opposite than the actual thing you want to
say
John was ironic when he said he loved peter like a brother ,in truth he
hated him.
4. Itinerant (adj) – moving from one place to place
The life of travelling salesman is an itinerant one.
5. Luminious (adj) - glowing ,bright
The dial on my watch is luminous ,it casts a green glow in the dark
4.Fidelity (n) - faithfulnesss,loyalty
The crusader’s life was marked by fidelity to the
cause of justice
5. Impotent (adj) –powerless ,helpless
They felt impotent in the face of their opponents
overpowering opposition to our plan
1.Rigorous (adj) - strict ,severe
The Army training is rigorous
2. Scintillate (v) to sparkle
Stars and diamonds scintillate
3. Sedition (n) treason
Revolutions usually begins as a small band of
seditious individuals plot to change the
established order
4. Serendipity (n) accidental good fortune
It was serendipity ,when the boy met his girl friend
at airport
5. Trepidation (n) fear
The mountaineering team filled with trepidation
when they saw ice glaciers are coming towards
them as tsunami
1.Zealous (adj) – enthusiastically devoted to
something
The dictators followers were so zealous that if he
had asked them all to junp off a cliff ,most of them
would have done so.
2. Vestige (n) – remaining bit of something
An old uniform and a scrapbook were the only
vestiges of the old man’s career as a professional
athelete
3. Vex (v) – to annoy
He said , “Don’t vex me”
4. Slander (v) to defame
Raman slandered sumit by telling everyone in the
school that he failed in all the exams
5.Spurious (adj) fake or false
It is a spurious story
1.Curtail (v) to shorten ,to cut short
To curtail a tale is to cut it short
2. Decimate (v) – to kill or destroy a large part
of
when locusts attack crop they sometimes
decimate it leaving very little that’s fit for
human consumption
3.Edify (v) to enlighten ,to instruct
The teacher’s goal is to edify her students ,not
to force a handful of facts down their throats
4. Maxim (n) a fundamental principle ,an old
saying
We always try to live our lives according to
the maxim that is better to give than to
receive
5. Mediate (v) to help settle differences
The united nations tried to mediate between
the two countries that were involved in wars
1. Defame (v) –to ruin the good name of
The local businessman accused the newspaper of defaming him by
publishing an article
2. Ephemeral (adj) – lasting for a short time
The tread on those used tires will probably turn out to be ephemeral
Some friendships are ephemeral
3. Felicity (n) – skilfulness ,adeptness
Shakespeare wrote with great felicity .
1.Rudimentary (adj) basic or undeveloped
The primitive tribe’s tools were very rudimentary .
The boy who lived with wolves for fifteen years lacked
even the most rudimentary social skills
2. Ubiquitous (adj) being everywhere at the same time
Personal computers ,once a rarity ,have become
ubiquitous
3.Vocation (n) an occupation, a job
Your vocation is what you do for a living
4. Vitriolic (adj) – full of bitterness
The review of the new book was so vitriolic
that we all wondered whether the reviewer
had some personal grudge against the author
5. Wanton (adj) – malicious
Terrorists commit wanton acts on a helpless
populace to make their point
1. Abstinent (adj) – abstaining ;voluntarily not
doing something
Maria used to be a chain- smoker ,now she is
abstinent
2. Abtruse (adj)- hard to understand
Nuclear physics is a subject that is too
abstruse for most people
3. Assuage (v) – to soothe ,to pacify
The thunderstorm made the baby cry ,but he
assuaged her fears by singing her a lullaby
4.Catharsis (n) purification that brings
emotional relief
To some with psychological problems ,talking
to psychiatrist can lead to catharsis
5. Chagrin (n) humiliation
Doug filled with chagrin when he lost the
race because he had put his shoes on the
wrong feet.
1.Arcane (adj) – mysterious ,known only to
few selected one
The rites of secret cult were arcane ,no one
outside the cult knew what they were
2. Arduous (adj) – hard ,difficult
Climbing the mountain was arduous
3. Artifice (n) a clever trick ;cunning
The trojan horse was an artifice designed to
get the soldiers inside the walls
4. Avarice (n) – greed ,excessive love for
riches
The rich man’s avarice was annoying to
everyone who wanted to lay hands on some
of his money
5.Brevity (n) briefness
The audience were deeply grateful for the
brevity of the afternoon speaker’s remarks
1. Allusion (n) – an indirect reference ,a hint
To allude to something is refer to it indirectly
2. Ambience (n) atmosphere ,mood ,feeling
By decorating their house with plastic beach balls and
popsicle sticks ,cramer created a playful ambience
that delighted the young children
3. Antithesis (n) the direct opposite
Erin is the antithesis of Erika
4. Cajole (v) to persuade someone to do
something he or she doesn’t want to do
I didn’t want to give speech ,but joe cajoled
me into doing it by telling me what a good
speaker I am
5. Candor (n) truthfulness ,sincere honesty
Teddy appreciated ross’s candor ,teddy was
glad to know that ross thought teddy’s
sideburns looked stupid
1.Rebuke (v) - criticize sharply
The judge rebuked the convicted murderer
2. Redundant (adj) - excessive
Bill had already bought paper plates ,so our purchase of paper
plates is redundant
3. Repercussion (n) - consequences
The declaration of war has many repercussions
4. Reticent (adj) - quiet ,reluctant to speak
Luther’s natural reticence made him an ideal speaker .
5. Rogue (n) a criminally dishonest person
A rogue person is not trusted by any one
1.Vilify (v) – to defame
The teacher was reprimanded for vilifying the slow students in front
of the rest of the class
2. Utopia (n) an ideal society
The town where is like an utopia
3. Tenet (n) a shared principle or belief
The tenets of his religion prevented him from dancing and going to
movies.
4. Temerity (n) boldness
The mountain climber had more temerity than skill or sense.
5.Tenscious (adj) –stubborn
The foreign student’s tenacious effort to learn English won him the
admiration of all the teachers at our school
1. Succinct (adj) brief and to the point
John’s succinct explanation of why the moon doesn’t fall out of the
sky satisfied everyone
2. Surrogate (adj) substitute
A surrogate mother is a woman who bears a child for someone else.
3.Surfeit (n) excess,an excessive amount
The meals are surfeit for everyone who attended the party .
4. Tirade (n) bitter speech ; prolonged
His tirade speech made the opponents to feel embaress
5. Vacillate (v) – in dilemma ;confused in making decision
John vacillated about buying a new car.He couldn’t decide whether to
get one or not.
1. Diffident (adj) – timid ,lacking in self –confidence
The diffident student never made a single comment in the class
2. Digress (v) to deviate from the topic(main subject)
When a speaker digresses,he departs from the main topic and tells a
story only distantly related to it.
3. discern(v) – to have insight ,to see things clearly ,to discriminate
A writer whose work demonstrates discernment is a writer who is a
keen observer.
4. Illicit (adj) illegal
Criminals engage in illicit activities
5. Immutable(adj) unchangeable
His behaviour was immutable during his childhood days.
1.Engender (v) to bring into existence
My winning lottery ticket engendered a great deal of envy among my
co-workers 2.Enormity (n) extreme evil
Hitler’s soldiers stormed through the village ,committing one enormity
after another.
3. Exacerbate (v) to make worse
The widow’s grief was exacerbated by the minister’s momentary
inability to remember her dead husband’s name
4. Exigency (n) an emergency,urgency
An academic exigency. You have not opened a book all term and the
final is tomorrow morning.
5.Expedite (v) to speed up
The post office expedited mail delivery by hiring more letter carriers
1.Nefarious (adj) : evil
the convicted murderer had committed a myriad of nefarious acts
2. Neologism (n) a new word or phrase
Pedants don’t like neologism
3. Obdurate (adj) stubborn and insensitive
The committee’s obdurate refusal to listen to our plan was heartbreaking
to us .
4.Onerous (adj) - burdensome
We are given the onerous task of cleaning up the fairgrounds after the
carnival .
5.Ostensible (adj) – apparent (but misleading)
John’s ostensible mission was to repair a broken telephone ,but his real
goal was to plant a bomb that would blow up the building
1. Guile (n) - cunning ,duplicity
John was shocked by the guile Auto mechanic .
2. Wistful : yearning ,greed
I felt wistful when I saw john fancy car
3. Willful – deliberate ,obstinate
The mother insisted that the killing committed by her son had not been
willful.
4.wanton(adj) : malicious,unprovoked
Terrorists commit wanton acts on a helpless populace to make their
point
5. Volition (n) :will ,conscious choice
The question the jury had to decide was whether the killing had been an
accident or an act of volition
1. Volatile (adj) highly unstable
A volatile liquid is one that evaporates readily .
The situation in middle east was highly volatile
2. Vitiate (v) to make impure, to pollute
Floride in water has vitiate our body
3.Visionary : dreamer
My uncle was a visionary ,not a businessman
4.Virulent :extremely poisonous , malignant
The virulent disease quickly swept through the community
5.Vindictive :seeking revenge
His vindictive enemy came to hit him.
1. Vilify (v) : to defame
The teacher was reprimanded for vilifying the slow student
2. Viable (adj) : capable of living :workable
When a doctor says that a patient is no longer viable ,its time to begin
planning for fumeral
3. Vex : to annoy or to confuse
John vexed him by poking him with a long ,sharp stick
4. Vernacular (n) everyday speech ;slang
The teacher said that we should save our vernacular for the street ,in
the class room we should use proper grammar
5.Veracity : truthfulness
The veracity of Gandhiji was legendry
1.Utopia : an ideal society
A country where nobody had to work and where every one enjoys
2. Usurp :to seize wrongfully
The founder’s young nephew usurped a position of power in the company
3. Unwitting : untentional ;ignorant
On the camping trip ,john unwittingly stepped into a bear trap and
remained stuck in it for several days
4. Unremitting : relentless ;unceasing
Our army has waged an unremitting battle against the enemies
5. Ubiquitous (adj) being everywhere at the same time
The new KIA is ubiquitous
1. Transient : not staying for a long time;temperory
The transient breeze provided some relief from the summer heat
2 .Transcend : to go beyond ;to surpass
The basketball was so skillful that he seemed to have transcended the
sport altogether.
3.Tout :to praise highly
Advertisements touted the chocolate flavoured toothpaste
4. Touchstone :a standard ;a test of authenticity or quality
The size of student’s vocabulary is a useful touchstone for judging the
quality of his /her education
5. Torpor : sluggishness ,inactivity
The math teacher tried to reduce the torpor of his students by setting
off a few firecrackers on his desk
1. Tenuous (adj) flimsy,extremely thin
The organisation’s financial situation has always been tenuous ,the balance of
the checking account is usually close to zero
2. tentative(adj) temporary ;uncertain
John made a tentative effort to paint his house
3. tenet: shared principles or belief
The tenets of his religion prevented him from dancing and going to movies
4. Tenacious :stubborn
The foreign students tenacious effort to learn English won him the admiration
of all the teachers
5.Temperate : moderate ;restrained
Our climate is temperate during the spring and fall ,but unbearable during
summer and winter.
1. Supercilious : haughty ,patronizing
The supercilious rolls –Royce salesman treated us like peasants until we
opened our suitcase
2. Superficial : on the surface
Tom was indeed been shot ,but the wound was superficial
3. Superfluous : extra ; redundant
Roughly 999 of the 1000 page book’s pages are superfluous
4 . Surfeit : excess; excessive amount
The meals prepared for the people in the wedding were surfeit
5. surreptitious: sneaky;secret
The dinner guest surreptitiously slipped a few silver spoons into his jacket as
he was leaving
1.Subversive :corrupting
The political group planted bombs in the white house ,destroyed the pentagon’s
computer files and engaged in the various subversive activities
2. Subjugate : to dominate
I bought the fancy riding lawn mower because I thought it would make my life
easier ,but it quickly subjugated me .
3. stringent: strict
The IRS accountant was quite stringent in his interpretation of the tax code.
4. Strife : bitter conflict ;a struggle or clash
Marital strife often leads to divorce
5. Stratum : a layer ;level
The middle class is one stratum of society
1. Saccharine : excessively sweet
The love story was so saccharine.
2. Sacrilege : blasphemy
The minister committed the sacrilege of delivering his sermon while
wearing his golf shoes.
3. Sagacious : keen in judgement;wise
John’s decision to move the chicken’s into the barn turned out to be
sagacious.
4. Salutary : curative ;healthful
The long voyage was salutary ,when Elizabeth landed she looked ten years
younger than she set sail.
5. Sanguine: cheerful; optimistic
John was sanguine about his chances of winning the first prize .
1. Rustic :rural ;lacking urban comforts
Life in the log cabin was too rustic for john
2. Ruminate : to contemplate ;to ponder
The old man spent his last days ruminating about death and eating box after
box of vanilla wafers
3. Rudimentary : basic ,crude ,undeveloped
the body who had lived with sheeps for ten years lacked even the most
rudimentary social skills
4. Rogue : a criminally dishonest person
Terrorists are the rogue people who doesn’t even show mercy to their own
people
5. Rigorous : strict ;harsh
Our exercise program was rigorous but effective
1. Contumacious (adj) - refusing to obey or respect the law
The contumacious hockey player was kicked off the team for not
following the coach’s order
2. pandemonium(n) - disorder or confusion
There was complete pandemonium at this point
3. Carouse (v) to drink liquor freely or excessively
He is just enjoying the carouse
4. Traduce (v) - speak badly of or tell lie about some one
He was regarded to traduce others
5. Bungle(v) done very badly;careless
He always bungles the work which is allocated to him
1. Reprove :to criticize mildly
My wife reproved me for leaving my dirty dish in the sink
2.Reprisal: a military action undertaken in revenge
The raid on the Iranian oil-drilling platform a reprisal for the Iranians
earlier attack
On the American tanker
3. Replete : completely filled
The once polluted stream was now replete with fish
4. Renounce : to formally give up
The presidential candidate renounced his manager post .
5.Reiterate : to repeat
The candidate had reiterated his position so many times on the
campaign trail that sometimes even muttered it in his sleep.
1. Sprightly (adj) full of spirit and vitality
He is a sprightly young man
2. Bedeck (v) - to decorate or cover
The room was bedeck with flowers
3. Insolent (adj) - arrogant,insulting
She hated the insolent tone of his voice
4. Desecrate (v) to treat with disrespect
It is a crime to desecrate the country’s flag
5. besmirch(v) – damage
He had besmirched the good name of his family
1. Bracing (adj) refreshing ,energizing
The bracing sea air
2. Umbrage (n) - offence or annoyance
She took umbrage at his remarks
3. Contumacious (adj) - refusing to obey or respect the law
The contumacious hockey player was not selected in the team
by the team coach
4. sybarite(n)- a person devoted to luxury and pleasure
The prince was remembered as a self - indulgent sybarite
5. Feverish (adj) - having or showing the symptoms of a fever
She felt sick and feverish
1. Aberation :a deviation from the deviation
A snowstorm in June is an aberration ;snow doesn’t normally fall in
June
2. Abject : hopeless ;extremely sad
An abject person who is crushed and without hope.
3. Abstinent : abstaining
Sophia was dieting as tried to abstinent from butter and cheese
4.Adulterate : to contaminate
Vegetarians do not like cakes as it is adulterated with eggs
5. Affectation: unnatural or artificial behaviour
Today John’s attitude was affectation
1. Agnostic : one who believes that the existence of a god can be
neither proven nor disproven
2. Allege : to assert without proof
The police have alleged that he committed the crime.
3. Aloof: being alone ,standing off
Cats are often said to be aloof because they usually mind their
own business
4. ambience: atmosphere ;feeling
He decorated his house such that it gave ambience of a hotel
5.Amenable : obedient
The plumber was so amenable as he did all the work which
asked for
1. Laggard : lazy ;a person does something slowly
The employees were under enormous pressure that there was a no
time for laggard.
2. Irascible :bad –tempered ;Querulous
She has an irascible temper
3. Peccadillo : mistake ;sin
The peccadillos of the present government
4. Dichotomy: difference ;a difference two completely opposite ideas
A rigid dichotomy between science and technology
5. neophyte: a person who is new to something ; beginner; novice
This course is for neophyte
1. Humdinger: a remarkable or outstanding person or thing
My new sportscar is a real humdinger
2 .Quaver: trembling or shaking while speaking due to nervousness
Mr suresh always Quavers while delivering his speech before 100 ‘s
people
3. Shenanigans: secret or dishonest activity
The chairman was accused of financial shenanigans
4. grimace: a facial expression usually of disgust or disapproval
The patient made a painful grimace as the doctor examined his wound
5. Gumption : determined and full of courage
It takes gumption to quit a high- paying job
1. Relegate : to banish; to send away
Most of the junior employees were relegated
2. Remonstrate: to argue against ;to raise objections
His boss remonstrated with him for accepting the leave letter of
rest of the employees
3. redolent: fragrant
The air in autumn is redolent of wood smoke and fallen leaves
4. Refute : to disprove; to prove to be false
His expensive car and imported dress clearly refuted his claim that
he was poor
5. Recondite: Hard to understand
The philosopher’s thesis was so recondite that I couldn’t get him.
1. Pristine : original ;pure
A pristine water is a water that not polluted.
2. prodigal: wastefully extravagant
The prodigal gambler soon found that he couldn’t afford even a
two euro bet
3. Prodigious :enormous ; extraordinary
The little boy caught prodigious snake
4.profane: not having to do anything with religion
One should not posses the profane nature
5.preeminent: better than anyone else;outstanding
The nobel prize winner was preeminent in his field
1. Postulate : something accepted as true without proof
Many proverbs are considered to be postulates as they are without
proof
2. ponderous: massive;dull
The fat man was unable to type because his ponderous belly prevented
him from pushing his chair upto his desk
3. portent: a sign of something coming in the future
Covid -19 is the portent of many disasters
4. plethora: an excess
We ate plethora of sweets in his wedding
5. Petulant : rude;ill-tempered
The petulant waiter slammed down our water glasses when asked to
work properly
1.Hypothetical : uncertain;unproven
There are several hypothetical explanations for the strange
phenomenon.
2. Homily: a sermon; lecture
The football coach often began with a lengthy homily on the
virtues of clean living
3. Histrionic : overly dramatic
The chairman’s histrionic presentation convinced no one
4. Hiatus : break from work
Spencer looked forward to spring hiatus
5. Heyday :golden age;prime
The heyday of the british navy end a long ,long time ago
1. Gratuitous : unprovoked ;unjustified
Their attack against them was gratuitous
2. gesticulate: to make gestures (while speaking)
The after –dinner speaker gesticulated in such a strange way that
the audience paid more attention to his hands than to words
3.Grandilouent : pompous ;using a lot of big fancy words
The president’s speech was grandiloquent rather than eloquent.
4. Glut : surplus
We have a glut of contribution but a dearth of skillful workforce
5. Futile :useless;hopeless
It is futile to depend on government instead of not working
1.Lassitude :lack of energy
He overcame by lassitude and retired to bed
2.Vituperation : bitter and abusive language
No one will be attracted by his vituperation
3.Regale : entertain or amuse with talk
He regaled her at their first meeting
4.Punctilious : showing great attention to detail
He was punctilious in providing every amenity for his
customers
5.Ascendancy : dominance
The USA gained ascendancy after the world war II
1.Jolt :surprise or shock someone
He tried to jolt him when he was in depression
2. Burlesque :to imitate in an exaggerated way
He shouldn’t burlesque his senior
3.Animosity : strong dislike ;anger
Inspite of his injuries ,he bears no animosity towards his attackers
4. Aphorism : often witty saying ;a proverb
Benjamin franklin was fond of aphorism .
5.Aprrehensive : worried ;anxious
The aprrehensive child clung to his father’s leg as the two of them walked
into the main circus tent to watch the lion tamer
1. Arbiter : one who decides ;a judge
The supreme court will be the final arbiter in the dispute
2. Arcane : mysterious
The rites of the secret cult were arcane
3. Archaic : extremely old ;ancient
The tribe’s traditions are archaic
4. Assiduous : hardworking ;busy
The workmen were assiduous in their effort to get nothing done
;instead of working
5. Assuage :to soothe
She was extremely upset but assuaged her by promising that I ll
speak to her boyfriend and resolve the issue
1. Blue blood : a noble birth
His family pedigree background reflected no blue blood
2. Grapevine :
I heard through the grapevine that his grandfather had been a
prominent senator
3. Enamoured : be filled with love for
It is not difficult to see why Edward is enamoured of her
4. Diktat : an order publicly issued
A diktat from the king
5. Dilatory : slow to act
The boss sacked a dilatory worker
1. Polemical : controversial venomous
He is careful in his analysis and never polemical
2. Opprobrium : harsh criticism or censure
The critical opprobrium generated by his films
3. Baulked :hesitate
He baulked at such a drastic solution
4. Swarthy : having a dark complexion
Her face is swarthy and lined
5. Connoisseur : an expert judge
A connoisseur of music
1. Parched : dried out with heat
The parched earth
2. Perspicacious : alert ; attentive
The RAW agents are always perspicacious
3.Caustic : like acid ;corrosive
Paint remover is a caustic substance ,if you spill it on your skin ,your
skin will burn
4.Charlatan : fraud
Buck was selling what he claimed was cure for cancer ,but he was
just a charlatan
5.Chimera : an illusion
Susan’s dream of becoming a movie star was just a chimera
1. Flotilla : a large group of boats or small ships
A flotilla of cargo boats
2. Volition : An act of making a choice or decision
Did he come of his own volition?
3. Seraphic : heavenly or divine
He imagined a seraphic presence in the room
4. Vicissitude : A variation in circumstance ,fortune..
The vicissitude of seasons
5. Nihilism : the belief that nothing in the world has a real
existence
The implicit nihilism and aggression are global
1. Clemency : mercy forgiveness
The governor committed an act of clemency when he released all the convicts from
the state.
2. Coalesce : to come together as one;to fuse
The people in our neighbourhood coalesced into a powerful force for change in the
community
3. Compelling : forceful
The recruiter’s speech was so compelling that nearly everyone in the auditorium
enlisted in the army when it was over .
4. Complacent : self satisfied; overly pleased
The football team won so many games that it became complacent and the worst team
in the league snuck up and beat it
5. Concord : agreement ;harmony
Nations that live in concord are nations that live together in peace .
1.Chastise : to inflict punishment on
Mother chastised us for firing our bottle rockets through the living room
window
2. Clique : an exclusive group bound together by some shared quality or
interest
The high school staff were clique as they hung together
3.Conducive : promoting
The chairs in the library are conducive to sleep .If you sit in them to study
,you will fall asleep.
4. construe: interpret
Mickey construed his contract as giving him the right to do anything he
wanted .
5. Corollary : a natural consequence
Bloodshed and death are corollaries of any declaration of war.
1.He was in financial squeeze
2.He confided that he could no longer
sleep for more than a couple of hours
3.He achieved everything most people
could ever want : A stellar professional
reputation with an income in seven
figures
4.I soaked it up like a sponge
5.He is the rain- maker in waiting
1. Profess : to declare
Jason professed to teach himself calculus ;
2. Promulgate : to proclaim ; to publicly or formally
declare something
The principal promulgated a new dress code over the
loudspeaker system
3. Propensity :a natural inclination or tendency
Bill’s propensity to sit around all day doing nothing came
into conflict with his mother’s
4. Provincial : limited in outlook to one’s own
small corner of the world
The farmers were very provincial ;they had
no opinion about anything but the price of
corn and no interest in anything except
growing of it.
5. Quixotic : romantic or idealistic to a
foolish or impractical degree
For many years Mr .Morris had led a quixotic
effort to repeal the federal income tax

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Vocab for Advance English (1) (4).pdf

  • 2. 1. Dearth (n) - Lack or Scarcity When there is a dearth of food ,many people may starve 2. Deduce (v) – to conclude from the evidence or to infer From the footprints on the ground ,the detective deduced that he was the culprit 3. Destitute (adj) –extremely poor To be left destitute is to be left without money or property 4.Eminent (adj) - well known and respected The entire audience fell silent when the eminent scientist walked onto the stage 5.Garrulous (adj) – talkative ,chatter John is so garrulous that he loves to remain with his garrulous friends
  • 3. 6.Explicit (adj) - Clearly and directly expressed The machine’s instructions were explicit-They told us exactly what to do 7.Extol (v) –to praise highly ,to laud The millionaire extolled the citizen who returned his gold watch and then rewarded him 8. Extrovert (n) –Open minded person The little girl was quite an extrovert ,she walked boldly into the roomful of strange people adults and struck up a friendly conversation. 9.Intrinsic (adj) –inherent ;essential nature of something John’s intrinsic boldness was always getting him into trouble 10.Inveterate (adj) - Habitual Eric was an inveterate liar .
  • 4. 1.Equivocal (adj) Ambigious, intentionally confusing John’s response was equivocal 2. Engima(n) A mystery John is an Enigma.He never does any homework but he always gets good grades 3. Delude (v) – to deceive The man deluded us into thinking that he would make us rich But instead he tricked us . 4.Culpable (adj) – guilty,deserving blame The accountants failure to spot the errors made him culpable in the tax – fraud case 5.Contrite (adj) admitting guilt ,like feeling remorseful Rosy was contrite about her mistake ,so we forgave her
  • 5. 1. cynic(n) - one who believes humans are motivated by selfishness when the rich man gave a million dollars to the museum ,cynics said he was merely trying to buy himself a reputation as a cultured person. 2. Denizen (n) – inhabitant To be a denizen of a country is to live there. 3. Egalitarian (adj) – believing in the social and economic equality of all the people People often lose interest in egalitarian measures when such measures interfere with their own interests .
  • 6. 4. Encroach (v) - to trespass My neighbour encroached on my yard by building his fence a few feet on my side of the property 5. Extrapolate (v) to deduce ,to infer John came up with a probable recipe by extrapolating from the taste of the cookies he had eaten at the store
  • 7. 1.Hapless (adj) – unlucky John’s hapless search for fun led him from one disappointment to another. 2. Impeccable (adj) –flawless ,entirely without sin The children’s behaviour was impeccable 3. Ironic (adj) - meaning opposite than the actual thing you want to say John was ironic when he said he loved peter like a brother ,in truth he hated him. 4. Itinerant (adj) – moving from one place to place The life of travelling salesman is an itinerant one. 5. Luminious (adj) - glowing ,bright The dial on my watch is luminous ,it casts a green glow in the dark
  • 8. 4.Fidelity (n) - faithfulnesss,loyalty The crusader’s life was marked by fidelity to the cause of justice 5. Impotent (adj) –powerless ,helpless They felt impotent in the face of their opponents overpowering opposition to our plan
  • 9. 1.Rigorous (adj) - strict ,severe The Army training is rigorous 2. Scintillate (v) to sparkle Stars and diamonds scintillate 3. Sedition (n) treason Revolutions usually begins as a small band of seditious individuals plot to change the established order
  • 10. 4. Serendipity (n) accidental good fortune It was serendipity ,when the boy met his girl friend at airport 5. Trepidation (n) fear The mountaineering team filled with trepidation when they saw ice glaciers are coming towards them as tsunami
  • 11. 1.Zealous (adj) – enthusiastically devoted to something The dictators followers were so zealous that if he had asked them all to junp off a cliff ,most of them would have done so. 2. Vestige (n) – remaining bit of something An old uniform and a scrapbook were the only vestiges of the old man’s career as a professional athelete 3. Vex (v) – to annoy He said , “Don’t vex me”
  • 12. 4. Slander (v) to defame Raman slandered sumit by telling everyone in the school that he failed in all the exams 5.Spurious (adj) fake or false It is a spurious story
  • 13. 1.Curtail (v) to shorten ,to cut short To curtail a tale is to cut it short 2. Decimate (v) – to kill or destroy a large part of when locusts attack crop they sometimes decimate it leaving very little that’s fit for human consumption 3.Edify (v) to enlighten ,to instruct The teacher’s goal is to edify her students ,not to force a handful of facts down their throats
  • 14. 4. Maxim (n) a fundamental principle ,an old saying We always try to live our lives according to the maxim that is better to give than to receive 5. Mediate (v) to help settle differences The united nations tried to mediate between the two countries that were involved in wars
  • 15. 1. Defame (v) –to ruin the good name of The local businessman accused the newspaper of defaming him by publishing an article 2. Ephemeral (adj) – lasting for a short time The tread on those used tires will probably turn out to be ephemeral Some friendships are ephemeral 3. Felicity (n) – skilfulness ,adeptness Shakespeare wrote with great felicity .
  • 16. 1.Rudimentary (adj) basic or undeveloped The primitive tribe’s tools were very rudimentary . The boy who lived with wolves for fifteen years lacked even the most rudimentary social skills 2. Ubiquitous (adj) being everywhere at the same time Personal computers ,once a rarity ,have become ubiquitous 3.Vocation (n) an occupation, a job Your vocation is what you do for a living
  • 17. 4. Vitriolic (adj) – full of bitterness The review of the new book was so vitriolic that we all wondered whether the reviewer had some personal grudge against the author 5. Wanton (adj) – malicious Terrorists commit wanton acts on a helpless populace to make their point
  • 18. 1. Abstinent (adj) – abstaining ;voluntarily not doing something Maria used to be a chain- smoker ,now she is abstinent 2. Abtruse (adj)- hard to understand Nuclear physics is a subject that is too abstruse for most people 3. Assuage (v) – to soothe ,to pacify The thunderstorm made the baby cry ,but he assuaged her fears by singing her a lullaby
  • 19. 4.Catharsis (n) purification that brings emotional relief To some with psychological problems ,talking to psychiatrist can lead to catharsis 5. Chagrin (n) humiliation Doug filled with chagrin when he lost the race because he had put his shoes on the wrong feet.
  • 20. 1.Arcane (adj) – mysterious ,known only to few selected one The rites of secret cult were arcane ,no one outside the cult knew what they were 2. Arduous (adj) – hard ,difficult Climbing the mountain was arduous 3. Artifice (n) a clever trick ;cunning The trojan horse was an artifice designed to get the soldiers inside the walls
  • 21. 4. Avarice (n) – greed ,excessive love for riches The rich man’s avarice was annoying to everyone who wanted to lay hands on some of his money 5.Brevity (n) briefness The audience were deeply grateful for the brevity of the afternoon speaker’s remarks
  • 22. 1. Allusion (n) – an indirect reference ,a hint To allude to something is refer to it indirectly 2. Ambience (n) atmosphere ,mood ,feeling By decorating their house with plastic beach balls and popsicle sticks ,cramer created a playful ambience that delighted the young children 3. Antithesis (n) the direct opposite Erin is the antithesis of Erika
  • 23. 4. Cajole (v) to persuade someone to do something he or she doesn’t want to do I didn’t want to give speech ,but joe cajoled me into doing it by telling me what a good speaker I am 5. Candor (n) truthfulness ,sincere honesty Teddy appreciated ross’s candor ,teddy was glad to know that ross thought teddy’s sideburns looked stupid
  • 24. 1.Rebuke (v) - criticize sharply The judge rebuked the convicted murderer 2. Redundant (adj) - excessive Bill had already bought paper plates ,so our purchase of paper plates is redundant 3. Repercussion (n) - consequences The declaration of war has many repercussions 4. Reticent (adj) - quiet ,reluctant to speak Luther’s natural reticence made him an ideal speaker . 5. Rogue (n) a criminally dishonest person A rogue person is not trusted by any one
  • 25. 1.Vilify (v) – to defame The teacher was reprimanded for vilifying the slow students in front of the rest of the class 2. Utopia (n) an ideal society The town where is like an utopia 3. Tenet (n) a shared principle or belief The tenets of his religion prevented him from dancing and going to movies. 4. Temerity (n) boldness The mountain climber had more temerity than skill or sense. 5.Tenscious (adj) –stubborn The foreign student’s tenacious effort to learn English won him the admiration of all the teachers at our school
  • 26. 1. Succinct (adj) brief and to the point John’s succinct explanation of why the moon doesn’t fall out of the sky satisfied everyone 2. Surrogate (adj) substitute A surrogate mother is a woman who bears a child for someone else. 3.Surfeit (n) excess,an excessive amount The meals are surfeit for everyone who attended the party . 4. Tirade (n) bitter speech ; prolonged His tirade speech made the opponents to feel embaress 5. Vacillate (v) – in dilemma ;confused in making decision John vacillated about buying a new car.He couldn’t decide whether to get one or not.
  • 27. 1. Diffident (adj) – timid ,lacking in self –confidence The diffident student never made a single comment in the class 2. Digress (v) to deviate from the topic(main subject) When a speaker digresses,he departs from the main topic and tells a story only distantly related to it. 3. discern(v) – to have insight ,to see things clearly ,to discriminate A writer whose work demonstrates discernment is a writer who is a keen observer. 4. Illicit (adj) illegal Criminals engage in illicit activities 5. Immutable(adj) unchangeable His behaviour was immutable during his childhood days.
  • 28. 1.Engender (v) to bring into existence My winning lottery ticket engendered a great deal of envy among my co-workers 2.Enormity (n) extreme evil Hitler’s soldiers stormed through the village ,committing one enormity after another. 3. Exacerbate (v) to make worse The widow’s grief was exacerbated by the minister’s momentary inability to remember her dead husband’s name 4. Exigency (n) an emergency,urgency An academic exigency. You have not opened a book all term and the final is tomorrow morning. 5.Expedite (v) to speed up The post office expedited mail delivery by hiring more letter carriers
  • 29. 1.Nefarious (adj) : evil the convicted murderer had committed a myriad of nefarious acts 2. Neologism (n) a new word or phrase Pedants don’t like neologism 3. Obdurate (adj) stubborn and insensitive The committee’s obdurate refusal to listen to our plan was heartbreaking to us . 4.Onerous (adj) - burdensome We are given the onerous task of cleaning up the fairgrounds after the carnival . 5.Ostensible (adj) – apparent (but misleading) John’s ostensible mission was to repair a broken telephone ,but his real goal was to plant a bomb that would blow up the building
  • 30. 1. Guile (n) - cunning ,duplicity John was shocked by the guile Auto mechanic . 2. Wistful : yearning ,greed I felt wistful when I saw john fancy car 3. Willful – deliberate ,obstinate The mother insisted that the killing committed by her son had not been willful. 4.wanton(adj) : malicious,unprovoked Terrorists commit wanton acts on a helpless populace to make their point 5. Volition (n) :will ,conscious choice The question the jury had to decide was whether the killing had been an accident or an act of volition
  • 31. 1. Volatile (adj) highly unstable A volatile liquid is one that evaporates readily . The situation in middle east was highly volatile 2. Vitiate (v) to make impure, to pollute Floride in water has vitiate our body 3.Visionary : dreamer My uncle was a visionary ,not a businessman 4.Virulent :extremely poisonous , malignant The virulent disease quickly swept through the community 5.Vindictive :seeking revenge His vindictive enemy came to hit him.
  • 32. 1. Vilify (v) : to defame The teacher was reprimanded for vilifying the slow student 2. Viable (adj) : capable of living :workable When a doctor says that a patient is no longer viable ,its time to begin planning for fumeral 3. Vex : to annoy or to confuse John vexed him by poking him with a long ,sharp stick 4. Vernacular (n) everyday speech ;slang The teacher said that we should save our vernacular for the street ,in the class room we should use proper grammar 5.Veracity : truthfulness The veracity of Gandhiji was legendry
  • 33. 1.Utopia : an ideal society A country where nobody had to work and where every one enjoys 2. Usurp :to seize wrongfully The founder’s young nephew usurped a position of power in the company 3. Unwitting : untentional ;ignorant On the camping trip ,john unwittingly stepped into a bear trap and remained stuck in it for several days 4. Unremitting : relentless ;unceasing Our army has waged an unremitting battle against the enemies 5. Ubiquitous (adj) being everywhere at the same time The new KIA is ubiquitous
  • 34. 1. Transient : not staying for a long time;temperory The transient breeze provided some relief from the summer heat 2 .Transcend : to go beyond ;to surpass The basketball was so skillful that he seemed to have transcended the sport altogether. 3.Tout :to praise highly Advertisements touted the chocolate flavoured toothpaste 4. Touchstone :a standard ;a test of authenticity or quality The size of student’s vocabulary is a useful touchstone for judging the quality of his /her education 5. Torpor : sluggishness ,inactivity The math teacher tried to reduce the torpor of his students by setting off a few firecrackers on his desk
  • 35. 1. Tenuous (adj) flimsy,extremely thin The organisation’s financial situation has always been tenuous ,the balance of the checking account is usually close to zero 2. tentative(adj) temporary ;uncertain John made a tentative effort to paint his house 3. tenet: shared principles or belief The tenets of his religion prevented him from dancing and going to movies 4. Tenacious :stubborn The foreign students tenacious effort to learn English won him the admiration of all the teachers 5.Temperate : moderate ;restrained Our climate is temperate during the spring and fall ,but unbearable during summer and winter.
  • 36. 1. Supercilious : haughty ,patronizing The supercilious rolls –Royce salesman treated us like peasants until we opened our suitcase 2. Superficial : on the surface Tom was indeed been shot ,but the wound was superficial 3. Superfluous : extra ; redundant Roughly 999 of the 1000 page book’s pages are superfluous 4 . Surfeit : excess; excessive amount The meals prepared for the people in the wedding were surfeit 5. surreptitious: sneaky;secret The dinner guest surreptitiously slipped a few silver spoons into his jacket as he was leaving
  • 37. 1.Subversive :corrupting The political group planted bombs in the white house ,destroyed the pentagon’s computer files and engaged in the various subversive activities 2. Subjugate : to dominate I bought the fancy riding lawn mower because I thought it would make my life easier ,but it quickly subjugated me . 3. stringent: strict The IRS accountant was quite stringent in his interpretation of the tax code. 4. Strife : bitter conflict ;a struggle or clash Marital strife often leads to divorce 5. Stratum : a layer ;level The middle class is one stratum of society
  • 38. 1. Saccharine : excessively sweet The love story was so saccharine. 2. Sacrilege : blasphemy The minister committed the sacrilege of delivering his sermon while wearing his golf shoes. 3. Sagacious : keen in judgement;wise John’s decision to move the chicken’s into the barn turned out to be sagacious. 4. Salutary : curative ;healthful The long voyage was salutary ,when Elizabeth landed she looked ten years younger than she set sail. 5. Sanguine: cheerful; optimistic John was sanguine about his chances of winning the first prize .
  • 39. 1. Rustic :rural ;lacking urban comforts Life in the log cabin was too rustic for john 2. Ruminate : to contemplate ;to ponder The old man spent his last days ruminating about death and eating box after box of vanilla wafers 3. Rudimentary : basic ,crude ,undeveloped the body who had lived with sheeps for ten years lacked even the most rudimentary social skills 4. Rogue : a criminally dishonest person Terrorists are the rogue people who doesn’t even show mercy to their own people 5. Rigorous : strict ;harsh Our exercise program was rigorous but effective
  • 40. 1. Contumacious (adj) - refusing to obey or respect the law The contumacious hockey player was kicked off the team for not following the coach’s order 2. pandemonium(n) - disorder or confusion There was complete pandemonium at this point 3. Carouse (v) to drink liquor freely or excessively He is just enjoying the carouse 4. Traduce (v) - speak badly of or tell lie about some one He was regarded to traduce others 5. Bungle(v) done very badly;careless He always bungles the work which is allocated to him
  • 41. 1. Reprove :to criticize mildly My wife reproved me for leaving my dirty dish in the sink 2.Reprisal: a military action undertaken in revenge The raid on the Iranian oil-drilling platform a reprisal for the Iranians earlier attack On the American tanker 3. Replete : completely filled The once polluted stream was now replete with fish 4. Renounce : to formally give up The presidential candidate renounced his manager post . 5.Reiterate : to repeat The candidate had reiterated his position so many times on the campaign trail that sometimes even muttered it in his sleep.
  • 42. 1. Sprightly (adj) full of spirit and vitality He is a sprightly young man 2. Bedeck (v) - to decorate or cover The room was bedeck with flowers 3. Insolent (adj) - arrogant,insulting She hated the insolent tone of his voice 4. Desecrate (v) to treat with disrespect It is a crime to desecrate the country’s flag 5. besmirch(v) – damage He had besmirched the good name of his family
  • 43. 1. Bracing (adj) refreshing ,energizing The bracing sea air 2. Umbrage (n) - offence or annoyance She took umbrage at his remarks 3. Contumacious (adj) - refusing to obey or respect the law The contumacious hockey player was not selected in the team by the team coach 4. sybarite(n)- a person devoted to luxury and pleasure The prince was remembered as a self - indulgent sybarite 5. Feverish (adj) - having or showing the symptoms of a fever She felt sick and feverish
  • 44. 1. Aberation :a deviation from the deviation A snowstorm in June is an aberration ;snow doesn’t normally fall in June 2. Abject : hopeless ;extremely sad An abject person who is crushed and without hope. 3. Abstinent : abstaining Sophia was dieting as tried to abstinent from butter and cheese 4.Adulterate : to contaminate Vegetarians do not like cakes as it is adulterated with eggs 5. Affectation: unnatural or artificial behaviour Today John’s attitude was affectation
  • 45. 1. Agnostic : one who believes that the existence of a god can be neither proven nor disproven 2. Allege : to assert without proof The police have alleged that he committed the crime. 3. Aloof: being alone ,standing off Cats are often said to be aloof because they usually mind their own business 4. ambience: atmosphere ;feeling He decorated his house such that it gave ambience of a hotel 5.Amenable : obedient The plumber was so amenable as he did all the work which asked for
  • 46. 1. Laggard : lazy ;a person does something slowly The employees were under enormous pressure that there was a no time for laggard. 2. Irascible :bad –tempered ;Querulous She has an irascible temper 3. Peccadillo : mistake ;sin The peccadillos of the present government 4. Dichotomy: difference ;a difference two completely opposite ideas A rigid dichotomy between science and technology 5. neophyte: a person who is new to something ; beginner; novice This course is for neophyte
  • 47. 1. Humdinger: a remarkable or outstanding person or thing My new sportscar is a real humdinger 2 .Quaver: trembling or shaking while speaking due to nervousness Mr suresh always Quavers while delivering his speech before 100 ‘s people 3. Shenanigans: secret or dishonest activity The chairman was accused of financial shenanigans 4. grimace: a facial expression usually of disgust or disapproval The patient made a painful grimace as the doctor examined his wound 5. Gumption : determined and full of courage It takes gumption to quit a high- paying job
  • 48. 1. Relegate : to banish; to send away Most of the junior employees were relegated 2. Remonstrate: to argue against ;to raise objections His boss remonstrated with him for accepting the leave letter of rest of the employees 3. redolent: fragrant The air in autumn is redolent of wood smoke and fallen leaves 4. Refute : to disprove; to prove to be false His expensive car and imported dress clearly refuted his claim that he was poor 5. Recondite: Hard to understand The philosopher’s thesis was so recondite that I couldn’t get him.
  • 49. 1. Pristine : original ;pure A pristine water is a water that not polluted. 2. prodigal: wastefully extravagant The prodigal gambler soon found that he couldn’t afford even a two euro bet 3. Prodigious :enormous ; extraordinary The little boy caught prodigious snake 4.profane: not having to do anything with religion One should not posses the profane nature 5.preeminent: better than anyone else;outstanding The nobel prize winner was preeminent in his field
  • 50. 1. Postulate : something accepted as true without proof Many proverbs are considered to be postulates as they are without proof 2. ponderous: massive;dull The fat man was unable to type because his ponderous belly prevented him from pushing his chair upto his desk 3. portent: a sign of something coming in the future Covid -19 is the portent of many disasters 4. plethora: an excess We ate plethora of sweets in his wedding 5. Petulant : rude;ill-tempered The petulant waiter slammed down our water glasses when asked to work properly
  • 51. 1.Hypothetical : uncertain;unproven There are several hypothetical explanations for the strange phenomenon. 2. Homily: a sermon; lecture The football coach often began with a lengthy homily on the virtues of clean living 3. Histrionic : overly dramatic The chairman’s histrionic presentation convinced no one 4. Hiatus : break from work Spencer looked forward to spring hiatus 5. Heyday :golden age;prime The heyday of the british navy end a long ,long time ago
  • 52. 1. Gratuitous : unprovoked ;unjustified Their attack against them was gratuitous 2. gesticulate: to make gestures (while speaking) The after –dinner speaker gesticulated in such a strange way that the audience paid more attention to his hands than to words 3.Grandilouent : pompous ;using a lot of big fancy words The president’s speech was grandiloquent rather than eloquent. 4. Glut : surplus We have a glut of contribution but a dearth of skillful workforce 5. Futile :useless;hopeless It is futile to depend on government instead of not working
  • 53. 1.Lassitude :lack of energy He overcame by lassitude and retired to bed 2.Vituperation : bitter and abusive language No one will be attracted by his vituperation 3.Regale : entertain or amuse with talk He regaled her at their first meeting 4.Punctilious : showing great attention to detail He was punctilious in providing every amenity for his customers 5.Ascendancy : dominance The USA gained ascendancy after the world war II
  • 54. 1.Jolt :surprise or shock someone He tried to jolt him when he was in depression 2. Burlesque :to imitate in an exaggerated way He shouldn’t burlesque his senior 3.Animosity : strong dislike ;anger Inspite of his injuries ,he bears no animosity towards his attackers 4. Aphorism : often witty saying ;a proverb Benjamin franklin was fond of aphorism . 5.Aprrehensive : worried ;anxious The aprrehensive child clung to his father’s leg as the two of them walked into the main circus tent to watch the lion tamer
  • 55. 1. Arbiter : one who decides ;a judge The supreme court will be the final arbiter in the dispute 2. Arcane : mysterious The rites of the secret cult were arcane 3. Archaic : extremely old ;ancient The tribe’s traditions are archaic 4. Assiduous : hardworking ;busy The workmen were assiduous in their effort to get nothing done ;instead of working 5. Assuage :to soothe She was extremely upset but assuaged her by promising that I ll speak to her boyfriend and resolve the issue
  • 56. 1. Blue blood : a noble birth His family pedigree background reflected no blue blood 2. Grapevine : I heard through the grapevine that his grandfather had been a prominent senator 3. Enamoured : be filled with love for It is not difficult to see why Edward is enamoured of her 4. Diktat : an order publicly issued A diktat from the king 5. Dilatory : slow to act The boss sacked a dilatory worker
  • 57. 1. Polemical : controversial venomous He is careful in his analysis and never polemical 2. Opprobrium : harsh criticism or censure The critical opprobrium generated by his films 3. Baulked :hesitate He baulked at such a drastic solution 4. Swarthy : having a dark complexion Her face is swarthy and lined 5. Connoisseur : an expert judge A connoisseur of music
  • 58. 1. Parched : dried out with heat The parched earth 2. Perspicacious : alert ; attentive The RAW agents are always perspicacious 3.Caustic : like acid ;corrosive Paint remover is a caustic substance ,if you spill it on your skin ,your skin will burn 4.Charlatan : fraud Buck was selling what he claimed was cure for cancer ,but he was just a charlatan 5.Chimera : an illusion Susan’s dream of becoming a movie star was just a chimera
  • 59. 1. Flotilla : a large group of boats or small ships A flotilla of cargo boats 2. Volition : An act of making a choice or decision Did he come of his own volition? 3. Seraphic : heavenly or divine He imagined a seraphic presence in the room 4. Vicissitude : A variation in circumstance ,fortune.. The vicissitude of seasons 5. Nihilism : the belief that nothing in the world has a real existence The implicit nihilism and aggression are global
  • 60. 1. Clemency : mercy forgiveness The governor committed an act of clemency when he released all the convicts from the state. 2. Coalesce : to come together as one;to fuse The people in our neighbourhood coalesced into a powerful force for change in the community 3. Compelling : forceful The recruiter’s speech was so compelling that nearly everyone in the auditorium enlisted in the army when it was over . 4. Complacent : self satisfied; overly pleased The football team won so many games that it became complacent and the worst team in the league snuck up and beat it 5. Concord : agreement ;harmony Nations that live in concord are nations that live together in peace .
  • 61. 1.Chastise : to inflict punishment on Mother chastised us for firing our bottle rockets through the living room window 2. Clique : an exclusive group bound together by some shared quality or interest The high school staff were clique as they hung together 3.Conducive : promoting The chairs in the library are conducive to sleep .If you sit in them to study ,you will fall asleep. 4. construe: interpret Mickey construed his contract as giving him the right to do anything he wanted . 5. Corollary : a natural consequence Bloodshed and death are corollaries of any declaration of war.
  • 62. 1.He was in financial squeeze 2.He confided that he could no longer sleep for more than a couple of hours 3.He achieved everything most people could ever want : A stellar professional reputation with an income in seven figures 4.I soaked it up like a sponge 5.He is the rain- maker in waiting
  • 63. 1. Profess : to declare Jason professed to teach himself calculus ; 2. Promulgate : to proclaim ; to publicly or formally declare something The principal promulgated a new dress code over the loudspeaker system 3. Propensity :a natural inclination or tendency Bill’s propensity to sit around all day doing nothing came into conflict with his mother’s
  • 64. 4. Provincial : limited in outlook to one’s own small corner of the world The farmers were very provincial ;they had no opinion about anything but the price of corn and no interest in anything except growing of it. 5. Quixotic : romantic or idealistic to a foolish or impractical degree For many years Mr .Morris had led a quixotic effort to repeal the federal income tax