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EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM MORINGA OLEIFERA SEEDS
AND FLOWERS USING SOLVENT EXTRACTION METHOD
MV Mopai
Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
.
CONCLUSIONS
 The project focus on extraction of essential oil from
Moringa Oleifera seeds by solvent extraction method
using Soxhlet apparatus and Ethanol as a Solvent.
 The fatty acids from the oil were analysed as methyl
esters and was converted to methyl esters and analysed
using GC MS.
 Moringa seeds oil were found to contain high levels of
unsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic up to 69.9%, the
dominant saturated acids were palmitic and Strearic
both up to 17.55%.
 The flower was found to have oleic acid to be 56% this
shows that the oils from flowers and seeds can be used
for human consumption.
Moringa seeds and Flowers
Why essential oil from Moringa plant?
RESULTS
Medical Uses
RECOMMENDATIONS
Essential oils contain highly volatile substances that are
isolated by a physical method or process from plants of a
single botanical species. Using the different technologies
available essential oils are sourced from over 3,000 plants
of which approximately 300 are of commercial
importance [1]. Essential oils can be extracted either by
distillation, expression or solvent extraction.
Moringa tree is known of having an excellent value
nutritionally, medicinally, industrial and economically
to devastatingly poor countries.
Industrial uses
Major
applications of
moringa seeds
METHODOLOGY
Amount of oil yield
•Moringa seeds
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
5 10 15
Yield%
Sample weight (g)
Crushed and unpeeled
Crushed and peeled
•Moringa flower
Oil extraction was also done on 20g
Moringa flower and 150ml Ethanol.
The oil yield was found to be 19.51%
which is lower as compared to the
seeds.
Moringa Oil
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
C16: 0 C16: 1 C18: 0 C18: 1 C18: 2 C20: 0 C20: 1
Relativewt%
Fatty acids
Present work
M.S Abdulkarim et Al [2]
M.U Dohot and A.R Memon
[2]
GC Analysis
•Moringa Seeds Fatty acid composition
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
C18:1 C18:2n6t C16:1 C10:0 C13:0
Weight%
Fatty Acids
Figure 6: Fatty acid composition of Moringa seeds.
•Moringa flowers Fatty acid composition
Figure 7: Fatty acid compositions of Moringa Flowers
.
•Physical Properties of the oils
Table 1
Physical properties of the oils.
Physical
property
Present work
Stavros L.
et.al [3]
Moringa
seeds
Moringa
flowers
Density [mg/ml] 0.9 0.84 0.909
Viscosity
[m.Pa.s] 1.6 1.06 1.2
Surface tension
[mN/m] 22.62 27.2 -
Figure 1: Moringa seeds and flowers
Figure 2: Industrial uses of Moringa oil
Figure 2: Medical uses of Moringa oil
Figure 3: Experimental Methodology
Figure 5: Oil yield from peeled and unpeeled seeds
The best yield can be obtained by using at least 15g of
sample as 5-10g yield is not satisfactory.
Approximately 70% of Oleic acid as the major fatty acid
was found from the seeds. It is important for longer
storage and high temperature frying.
The characterization of the oil from the flower with 56%
Oleic acid showed that this oils could also be utilized
successfully as a source of edible oil.
The. period of GC-MS analysis was be extended to at least
40 min to enable further fatty acid analysis without
disturbances.
Plantation of Moringa in various parts of South Africa (SA)
must be implemented to aid SA researches in investigating the
feasibility of this plant further and also develop processing
technologies.
REFERENCES
[1] Mohd Faisal Sulong A Rashid, “Extraction of essential oils from
jasmine flower
using Solvent extraction method”.2006.
[2] S.M. Abdulkarim, O.M. Lai, S.KS. Muhammad, and H.M.
Ghazali, “Some physic chemical properties of Moringaoleifera seed
oil extracted using solvent and aqueous enzymatic methods”.Food
Chemistry, vol. 93, pp. 256, 2005.
[3] Lalas Stavros and Tsaknis John Characterization of Moringa
oleifera Seed Oil Variety Periyakulam 1, pp. 4, 2000.