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The Systems
Approach to Wearable
Biometrics
© 2017 Valencell, Inc
Ryan Kraudel
September 2017
© 2017 Valencell, Inc
The Systems Approach
Physical /
Hardware
Physiological Optical Sensors/AFE
Mechanical
Design
Software
Production
User
Experience
Firmware Algorithms
Assessments User Interface
User testing Production testing
IntellectualProperty
© 2017 Valencell, Inc
Physiological & Optical
© 2017 Valencell, Inc
Mechanical Design & Sensors/AFE
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous
Emitter Detector
Close (2 mm) source-detector
spacing
Wide (4 mm) source-detector
spacing
Emitter
Detector
S/N  0.05 S/N  0.25
Wider spacing captures less total light, but it
captures a much higher ratio of “good light”
(blood-flow scatter) to “bad light” (motion-
related scatter).
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous
Other considerations:
• Geometry of emitters & detectors
• Light guiding
• Wavelengths
• AFE configuration
• Electrical noise
• Coupling
• Gross displacement
© 2017 Valencell, Inc
Firmware & Algorithms
• Firmware manages the process from the timing of LED firing and signal
extraction to the biometric data output that feeds the user experience.
• Active Signal Characterization - optical signal from blood flow, skin motion, body
motion, & environmental noise (such as sunlight) needs to be actively
characterized in real-time.
• Fitness levels
• Training load
• Stress levels
• Overhearing /
hydration
• Sleep metrics
• Core
temperature
• Diet planning
© 2017 Valencell, Inc
User Testing: Activity-Specific Testing Protocols
© 2017 Valencell, Inc
•Testing protocols that match the use cases: resting,
lifestyle activities, mild exercise, aggressive
exercise, interval training, etc.
•Minimum 30 participants of multiple physical habitus,
gender, & skin tone per prototype variant –
hundreds of data sets per product launch
•Biometric analysis that includes regression analysis
(R2) & Bland-Altman analysis
•Analysis that includes true positives, false positives,
true negatives, false negatives, & total positives &
negatives
•Ideally, there is independent validation of each
metric
User Testing: Should be Broad and Deep
©2016 Valencell. Inc
User Experience is Critical – Start With the End in Mind
© 2017 Valencell, Inc
User Experience is Critical – Start With the End in Mind
• What are your users trying to accomplish and how does your
device help them do it?
• How does UX drive customer expectations for design, accuracy,
battery life, comfort, ease of use, social community, etc?
• Fitness levels
• Training load
• Stress levels
• Overhearing /
hydration
• Sleep metrics
• Core
temperature
• Diet planning
© 2017 Valencell, Inc
Production Testing: Picking Your Manufacturer Carefully
• Has your CM built a biometric wearable before?
• Have they built a Bluetooth wearable before?
• How do they test devices coming off the line?
• What are labor policies and working conditions?
©2016 Valencell. Inc
Intellectual Property Landscape
Source: http://www.ipwatchdog.com/2016/08/24/iot-ip-landscape-fitness-
wearables/id=72137/
© 2017 Valencell, Inc
The Whole > Sum of the Parts
Physical /
Hardware
Physiological Optical Sensors/AFE
Mechanical
Design
Software
Production
User
Experience
Firmware Algorithms
Assessments User Interface
User testing Production testing
IntellectualProperty
©2016 Valencell. Inc
©2016 Valencell. Inc
Ryan Kraudel
VP, Marketing
kraudel@valencell.com
Twitter: @kraudel
www.valencell.com

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The Systems Approach to Biometric Wearables

  • 1. The Systems Approach to Wearable Biometrics © 2017 Valencell, Inc Ryan Kraudel September 2017
  • 2. © 2017 Valencell, Inc The Systems Approach Physical / Hardware Physiological Optical Sensors/AFE Mechanical Design Software Production User Experience Firmware Algorithms Assessments User Interface User testing Production testing IntellectualProperty
  • 3. © 2017 Valencell, Inc Physiological & Optical
  • 4. © 2017 Valencell, Inc Mechanical Design & Sensors/AFE Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous Emitter Detector Close (2 mm) source-detector spacing Wide (4 mm) source-detector spacing Emitter Detector S/N  0.05 S/N  0.25 Wider spacing captures less total light, but it captures a much higher ratio of “good light” (blood-flow scatter) to “bad light” (motion- related scatter). Epidermis Dermis Subcutaneous Other considerations: • Geometry of emitters & detectors • Light guiding • Wavelengths • AFE configuration • Electrical noise • Coupling • Gross displacement
  • 5. © 2017 Valencell, Inc Firmware & Algorithms • Firmware manages the process from the timing of LED firing and signal extraction to the biometric data output that feeds the user experience. • Active Signal Characterization - optical signal from blood flow, skin motion, body motion, & environmental noise (such as sunlight) needs to be actively characterized in real-time. • Fitness levels • Training load • Stress levels • Overhearing / hydration • Sleep metrics • Core temperature • Diet planning
  • 6. © 2017 Valencell, Inc User Testing: Activity-Specific Testing Protocols
  • 7. © 2017 Valencell, Inc •Testing protocols that match the use cases: resting, lifestyle activities, mild exercise, aggressive exercise, interval training, etc. •Minimum 30 participants of multiple physical habitus, gender, & skin tone per prototype variant – hundreds of data sets per product launch •Biometric analysis that includes regression analysis (R2) & Bland-Altman analysis •Analysis that includes true positives, false positives, true negatives, false negatives, & total positives & negatives •Ideally, there is independent validation of each metric User Testing: Should be Broad and Deep
  • 8. ©2016 Valencell. Inc User Experience is Critical – Start With the End in Mind
  • 9. © 2017 Valencell, Inc User Experience is Critical – Start With the End in Mind • What are your users trying to accomplish and how does your device help them do it? • How does UX drive customer expectations for design, accuracy, battery life, comfort, ease of use, social community, etc? • Fitness levels • Training load • Stress levels • Overhearing / hydration • Sleep metrics • Core temperature • Diet planning
  • 10. © 2017 Valencell, Inc Production Testing: Picking Your Manufacturer Carefully • Has your CM built a biometric wearable before? • Have they built a Bluetooth wearable before? • How do they test devices coming off the line? • What are labor policies and working conditions?
  • 11. ©2016 Valencell. Inc Intellectual Property Landscape Source: http://www.ipwatchdog.com/2016/08/24/iot-ip-landscape-fitness- wearables/id=72137/
  • 12. © 2017 Valencell, Inc The Whole > Sum of the Parts Physical / Hardware Physiological Optical Sensors/AFE Mechanical Design Software Production User Experience Firmware Algorithms Assessments User Interface User testing Production testing IntellectualProperty
  • 14. ©2016 Valencell. Inc Ryan Kraudel VP, Marketing kraudel@valencell.com Twitter: @kraudel www.valencell.com