2. Adverb Of Certainty
Is adverbia that used to exspress definity about action
(Adverb yang digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kepastian mengenai
sesuatu)
Adverb of certainty:
- Certainty (100 %)
- Probability (75 %)
- Possibility (50 %)
- Improbability (25 %)
- Impossibility (0%)
Adverb of certainty can be located before main verb or after to be and
between auxiliary verb and main verb
(Adverb of certainty dapat diletakkan disebelum verb utama, setelah to
be, atau antara kata kerja bantu dan verb utama).
3. Certainty (harus/yakin/pasti) (Absolutely) sure,
certain(kepastian terjadi), positive, definitely, certainly,
bound.
Untuk penggunaan surely, jika ditempatkan di awal
kalimat berarti bahwa kita berpikir bahwa yang kita
bicarakan itu benar, tetapi masih memerlukan
konfirmasi akan apa yang kita bicarakan itu, misalnya:
Surely you’ve got a car?
Probability (mungkin) likely (mungkin bukan seperti) ,
probable, could.
Possibility (bisa) May, Might.
Improbability (mungkin tidak) (Very/highly) unlikely,
improbable, shouldn’t.
Impossibility (tidak bisa) not possibly, uncertain.
4. Certainty
• I’m absolutely sure he will do it.
Saya yakin dia akan mengerjakannya.
• Sure he’ll come
Tentu saja dia akan datang.
• He was certain to win.
Dia pasti menang.
• I’m positive he’s right. (ini bukan positif kutub bateray).
Aku yakin dia benar.
• He definitely left the house this morning.
Dia pasti meninggalkan rumah pagi tadi.
• Power requirements are bound to increase.
5. Probability
• What’s a likely date for the election?
Kemungkinan tanggal berapa pilihanmu?
• He is probably in the park.
Dia kemungkinan di taman.
• He will probably remember tomorrow.
Dia mungkin akan ingat besok.
• They could use more electricity.
Mereka mungkin menggunakan banyak listrik.
6. Possibility
• He may tell his wife.
Dia mungkin memberitahu istrinya.
• I may not bring novel tomorrow.
Saya mungkin tidak membawa novel besok.
• He might be sick today.
Dia mungkin sakit hari ini.
• Mother might not cook soup today.
Ibu mungkin tidak masak sop hari ini.
• May be we will go shopping
Mungkin kita akan pergi berbelanja.
7. Improbability
He is improbably in the park.
Dia kemungkinan tidak di taman.
He probably won’t remember tomorrow.
Dia mungkin tidak akan ingat besok.
The pumps shouldn’t use more electricity.
Pompa mungkin tidak menggunakan
banyak listrik.
He is unlikely out of the country
Dia mungkin tidak keluar negeri.
8. Impossibility
• I’m absolutely sure he won’t do it.
Saya yakin dia tidak akan mengerjakannya.
• Sure he won’t come
Tentu saja dia tidak akan datang.
• I’m positive he won’t go to china.
Saya yakin dia tidak akan pergi ke china.
• Power requirements definitely won’t increase.
Kebutuhan tenaga pasti tidak akan meningkat (mustahil).
• Power requirements can’t (possibly) increase.
9. Notice the position of the adverbs in certainty
and impossibility(kepastian dan kemustahilan):
• We wiII definitelylcertainly replace thefuses.
(after wiII)—kita pasti akan mengganti sekring
• Power requirements definitely/certainly won't
increase.. (before won't)
NB: sama-sama pakai certainly tapi yang
pertama tentang kepastian, yang kedua
kemustahilan
10. Adverb of certainty before main verb
or after to be
• He definitely left the house this morning.
Dia pasti meninggalkan rumah pagi tadi.
• He is probably in the park.
Dia kemungkinan di taman.
11. Adverb of certainty between auxiliary
verb and main verb
• He has certainly forgotten the meeting
Dia mungkin lupa ada pertemuan.
• He will probably remember tomorrow.
Dia mungkin akan ingat besok.
12. Adverb of certainty in front of
sentense
• Undoubtedly, Winston Churchill was a great
politician.
Niscaya, Winston churchill adalah politisi yang
hebat.
13. These adjectives can take two
constructions:
• lt is likely/unlikely that the pumps wiII use
more electricUy. (adjective + that + clause)
• The pumps are likely/unlikely to use more
electrÍCÍty. (adjective + to + infinitive)
14. Some speakers feel there is a slight difference in the
strength of these two words (Beberapa pembicaraan
merasa ada sedikit perbedaan dalam kekuatan dari
dua kata):
• We may need more pumps on sitee. (50% likelihood)
• We might need more pumps on site. (45% likelihood)
Formulanya:
S + May/Might + V1 + O
S + May/Might + not + V1 + O
It may rain tomorrow
He might be sick today
Mother might not cook soup today
I may not bring novel tomorrow
Note: May be ( Dapat Berdiri Sendiri yang Artinya Mungkin)
May be we will go shopping.
15. TASK 1
• The goods/ until next week/ won't /be
delivered/ probably.
The goods probably won’t be delivered until
next month. (impossibility)
16. TASK 2
• It is unlikely that we will see more robots
being used in the home in the next ten years.
It is probably that we won’t see more robots
being used in the home in the next ten years.
17. TASK 3
• At present most of the energy we use comes
from oil and gas, and scientists are becoming
increasingly concemed about our future
energy needs. Many scientists believe that
fossil fuels are (a) certain bound (100%) to run
out by the middle of this century, while others
think that they are (b) (quite) likely (75%) to
run out before then.
