2. INDIA-CHINA RELATIONSHIPS
AT THE TIME OF INDEPENDENCE, INDIA AND CHINA HAD ENJOYED
DIPLOMATICTRADE FROM 1960'S TO 1970'S THE RELATION WAS BLOOD
FILLED DUE TO SINO-INDIAN WAR IN 1962 AND SIKKIM CONFLICT IN
1967. BOTH THE COUNTRIES ARE TRYING TO RESOLVE THE DIPUTE.
BUT AGAIN FROM 1980'S CHINA BECAME INDIA'S 2nd LARGEST TRADE
PATNER AND CROSSED USA IN 2019 WHERE CHINA BECAME THE
LAREGEST TRADE PATNER TO INDIA.
THE RELATION LASTED FOR AN YEAR DUE TO CLASH IN GALWAN
VALLEY.
3. INDIA AND CHINA SOCIO-CULTURAL
EXCHANGE
โข The Trade and Economic Relationship between India and China has seen a rapid
growth in the last few years. Trade volume between the two countries in the
beginning of the century, year 2000, stood at US$ 3 billion. In 2008, bilateral trade
reached US$ 51.8 billion with China replacing the United States as Indiaโs largest
โGoods trading partner.โ In 2011 bilateral trade reached an all-time high of US$ 73.9
billion.
โข According to recently released data by Chinese Customs, India-China trade in 2016
decreased by 0.67% year-on-year to US$ 71.18 billion. Indiaโs exports to China
decreased by 12.29% year-on-year to US$ 11.748 billion
4. INDIA AND CHINA TRADE
โข The China-India bilateral trade in the first half of the year totalled USD 57.48
billion, up 62.7 per cent year on year, perhaps the highest in recent years amid the
Ladakh impasse and the COVID-19 pandemic, according to data released by
Chinaโs Customs.
โข Though Indian exports to China picked up with 69.6 per cent year on year increase,
the trade deficit, a structural problem for India for long, climbed to 55.6 per cent.
โข According to data released by Chinaโs Customs, India's exports to China reached
USD 14.724 billion, up 69.6 per cent year on year in the first six months and India's
imports from China amounted to USD 42.755 billion, up 60.4 per cent.
5. INDIA AND CHINA CURRENTLY FACING
PROBLEMS
โข The two countries failed to resolve their border dispute and Indian media outlets
have repeatedly reported Chinese military incursions into Indian territory. Both
countries have steadily established military infrastructure along border areas
including amidst the 2020 ChinaโIndia skirmishes
โข In 2020, the stage was set for deadly conflict by over a half-dozen years of
increasingly tense China-India border standoffs that featured aggressive patrolling
tactics and provocative military construction projects along and near their contested
territories.
6. WATER AND OTHER SHARING BETWEEN
INDIA AND CHINA
โข India and China share four major rivers, but not exclusively between them as seen in
Table 1. The Indus/Shiquan River is shared by China, India, and Pakistan. The
Brahmaputra River is shared by India, China, Bangladesh, and Bhutan. The Kosi
and Ghaghara rivers are shared by China, Nepal, and India. Clearly, India and China
do not share any rivers uniquely: all transboundary rivers of India and China are also
shared with other neighbors.
โข These Both countries cover the whole common history
7. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN THESE
COUNTRIES
โข One of the major sources of air pollution in China and India is from sulfur-dioxide
emissions. The major contributor to the sulfur- dioxide emissions is due to
increased coal consumption in the industrial sectors in both countries. More than
70% of China's energy still comes from brown coal, the dirtiest fuel of all.
โข The primary cause is air pollution. In 2015, 1.81 million or 28% of the 6.5 million
air-pollution-linked deaths worldwide occurred in India. China saw 1.58 million
deaths.
