SUNNAH & BID'AH IN THE MONTH OF MUHARRAM

2. gynviig gv‡2 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
gynviig gv‡mi
myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ

3. kixdzj Bmjvg web hqbyj Av‡e`xb
wjmvÝ, g`xbv Bmjvgx wek¦we`¨vjq, mE`x Avie|
cÖavb `vC, evsjv wefvM, Avj-dziK¡vb †m›Uvi, n~iv, evnivBb|

4. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 3
gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
kixdzj Bmjvg web hqbyj Av‡e`xb
cÖKvkbvq
Avj-dziK¡vb †m›Uvi, n~iv, evnivBb|
1g cÖKvk
gynviig : 1436 wnRix
A‡±vei : 2014 L„óvã
[cÖKvkK KZ…©K me©¯^Z¡ msiw¶Z]
cÖ”Q` wWRvBb
myjZvb, Kvjvi MÖvwd·, ivRkvnx, evsjv‡`k|
SUNNAH BID'AH IN THE MONTH OF MUHARRAM
by Shariful Islam bin Joynul Abedin
Published by Al Furqan Centre, Building 419, Road 1805, Block
318, Hoora, Kingdom of Bahrain.
Phone: +973 17232320 Email: alfurqancentre@gmail.com
P.O.Box 15644, Adliya, Bahrain
1st Edition October, 2014 Muharram 1436 AH
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bank Account: AL FURQAN CENTRE FOR EXPATRIATE
Account#: 100000155363
Swift Code: BIBBBHBMXXX
IBAN: BH15BIBB00100000155363

5. gynviig gv‡4 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
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PviwU gvm‡K we‡kl gh©v`v `vb K‡i‡Qb| GB gvm¸‡jv ÔnvivgÕ ev m¤§vwbZ
gvm wnmv‡e cwiMwYZ| SMov-weev`, jovB, Lyb-Lvivex BZ¨vw` Ab¨vq-
AcKg© nÕ‡Z `~‡i †_‡K Gi gh©v`vi cÖwZ m¤§vb cÖ`k©b Kiv cÖ‡Z¨K
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¯^vfvweKfv‡eB G gv‡mi gh©v`v e„w× †c‡q‡Q| Z‡e `yt‡Li welq nÕj, ivm~j
(Qvt) †h D‡Ï‡k¨ Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjb K‡i‡Qb, Avgiv Zuvi D‡Ï‡k¨i K_v
fy‡j wM‡q Ggb D‡Ï‡k¨ wQqvg cvjb KiwQ hv KziAvb I myboev‡Zi m¤ú~Y©
we‡ivax| mv‡_ mv‡_ Ggb me we`ÔAv‡Z wjß n‡qwQ hv †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv
GKvš— hiƒix| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv gvbe RvwZ‡K GKgvÎ Zuvi Bev`Z Kivi
D‡Ï‡k¨B m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Avi mwVKfv‡e Avj−vni Bev`Z Kivi Rb¨
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi myboev‡Zi h_vh_ AbymiY Kiv IqvwRe| mv‡_ mv‡_ Zuvi
myboevZ‡K aŸsmKvix we`ÔAvZ m¤ú‡K© RvbvI IqvwRe| †hgbfv‡e Avj−vni
cÖwZ Cgvb Avbvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡K aŸsmKvix wkiK m¤ú‡K© Rvbv IqvwRe|
†Kbbv wkiK I we`ÔAvZ m¤ú‡K© Rvbv bv _vK‡j †m KLb wKfv‡e wkiK I

12. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 5
we`ÔAv‡Z wjß n‡q Avj−vni mij-mwVK c_ †_‡K wePz¨Z n‡e Zv Dcjwä
Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,
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14. $ 1W@
ÔGUvB Avgvi mij-mwVK c_| myZivs †Zvgiv G c‡_iB AbymiY Ki‡e
Ges G e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ c_ AbymiY Ki‡e bv, Ki‡j Zv †Zvgv‡`i‡K Zuvi
c_ nÕ‡Z wew”Qboe K‡i w`‡e| Avj−vn †Zvgv‡`i‡K Giƒc wb‡`©k w`‡jb GRb¨
†h, hv‡Z †Zvgiv mveavb nIÕ (AvbÔAvg 6/153)|
AÎ Avqv‡Z Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv †hgbfv‡e Zuvi mij-mwVK c_ Z_v myboev‡Zi
c‡_i Abymi‡Yi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb, †Zgwbfv‡e Zv‡K aŸsmKvix c_ Z_v
we`ÔAv‡Zi c_ †_‡K `~‡i _vKvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb|
ZvB we`ÔAvZ Kg© †Q‡o myboev‡Zi Dci Avgj Kivi j‡¶¨ †QvU GB eBwU‡Z
myboevZ I we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiPq mn gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ m¤ú‡K©
Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv nÕj| eBwU W. gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje m¤úvw`Z
evsjv‡`‡ki M‡elYvag©x Abb¨ cwÎKv ÔgvwmK AvZ-ZvnixKÕ A‡±vei/2014
msL¨vq cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|
†QvU GB eBwU cvVK‡`i mvgvb¨Zg DcKv‡i Avm‡j Avgiv Avgv‡`i kªg
mv_©K g‡b Kie| weÁ cvVK gn‡ji Kv‡Q mywPwšZ— civgk© Kvgbv KiwQ|
eBwU cÖYq‡b hviv Avgv‡K wewfboefv‡e mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Qb, Zv‡`i cÖwZ
Avwg K…ZÁ| we‡kl K‡i eo fvB BwÄwbqvi gynv¤§v` kvnRvnvb Qv‡ne; hvi
mvwe©K mn‡hvwMZv eBwU‡Z bZzb gvÎv †hvM K‡i‡Q| Avj−vn Zuv‡K mn mKj
mn‡hvMx fvB‡`i‡K Bn I ciKv‡j DËg cÖwZ`vb `vb Ki“b| Avi G
¶z`ªK‡g©i wewbgq Avgiv gnvb Avj−vni `iev‡i cÖv_©bv KiwQ| wZwb Avgv‡`i
G cÖ‡Póv Keyj Ki“b- Avgxb!
-†jLK

15. gynviig gv‡6 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
myboev‡Zi cwiPq
myboev‡Zi kvwãK A_© :
I+ (myboevZ) kãwU Aviex, GKePb| eûeP‡b + (mybvb)| Gi
AvwfavwbK A_© nÕj, I% 2 ]1$ [ [ IO'L A_©vr c_, cš’v,
c×wZ, ixwZ, wbqg BZ¨vw`; PvB Zv fvj †nvK A_ev g›` †nvK| Avj−vn
ZvÔAvjv KziAvb gvRx‡` GB A‡_© myboevZ kãwU e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| wZwb
e‡jb,
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c~e©eZ©x‡`i ixwZbxwZ †Zvgv‡`i‡K AewnZ Ki‡Z Ges †Zvgv‡`i‡K ¶gv
Ki‡Z| Avj−vn me©Á, cÖÁvgqÕ (wbmv 4/26)| wZwb Ab¨Î e‡jb,
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KL‡bv Avj−vni ixwZ‡Z †Kvb cwieZ©b cv‡e bvÕ (Avnhve 33/62)|
GQvovI ivm~j (Qvt) GKB A‡_© myboevZ k‡ãi e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| †hgb wZwb
e‡jb,
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Ô†h e¨w³ Bmjv‡gi g‡a¨ †Kvb DËg ixwZ Pvjy Ki‡e †m Zvi cÖwZ`vb cv‡e
Ges Zvi †`Lv‡`wL cieZ©x‡Z hviv Zv Ki‡e Zv‡`i mgvb cÖwZ`vbI †m
cv‡e| Z‡e Zv‡`i cÖwZ`vb †_‡K †Kvb wKQzB Kg Kiv n‡e bv| Avi †h

22. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 7
e¨w³ Bmjv‡g †Kvb g›` ixwZ Pvjy Ki‡e †m Zvi Kv‡Ri cvc I Zvi
†`Lv‡`wL cieZ©x‡Z hviv Zv Ki‡e Zv‡`i mgvb cv‡ci AwaKvix n‡e| Z‡e
Zv‡`i cvc †_‡K †Kvb wKQzB Kg Kiv n‡e bvÕ|1
myboev‡Zi cwifvwlK A_© :
Bgvg kv‡Zex (int) myboev‡Zi cvwifvwlK A_© eY©bv Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡jb,
iQ1J 1% D! k'
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ÔmyboevZ nÕj, bex (Qvt)-Gi K_v, Kg© I †gŠb m¤§wZ †_‡K hv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q
Ges hv Qvnvev‡q †Kivg I Lyjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi c¶ †_‡K G‡m‡QÕ|2
Avj−vgv dvqQvj Beby Avãyj Avhxh Av‡j gyeviK (int) e‡jb,
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ÔmyboevZ nÕj, hv bex (Qvt)-Gi K_v, Kg© I †gŠb m¤§wZ †_‡K ewY©Z
n‡q‡QÕ|3
AZGe ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) hv Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb, Zv Kiv myboevZ, hv wZwb wb‡R
K‡i‡Qb Zv Kiv myboevZ Ges hv wZwb Ki‡Z e‡jbwb Ges wb‡RI K‡ibwb;
wKš‘ Ab¨ KvD‡K Ki‡Z †`L‡j Zv‡K wb‡la K‡ibwb, Zuvi Giƒc
†gŠbm¤§wZI myboev‡Zi Ašf— ©y³| myZivs †h‡nZz we`ÔAvZ myboev‡Zi wecixZ
†m‡nZz ivm~j (Qvt) †h Bev`Z Ki‡Z e‡jbwb, wb‡R K‡ibwb Ges
†gŠbm¤§wZ cÖ`vb K‡ibwb, Giƒc KvR hZ fvj KvR e‡j g‡b †nvK bv †Kb
Zv we`ÔAv‡Zi Ašf— ©y³|
1. gymwjg nv/1017; wgkKvZ nv/210; H, e½vbyev` nv/200|
2. Avj-gvKv‡Q` Bb`vj Bgvg kv‡Zex 1/483 c„t|
3. dvqQvj Beby Avãyj Avhxh Av‡j gyeviK, gvKvgyi ivkv` 1/25 c„t|

24. gynviig gv‡8 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
myboev‡Zi cÖKvi‡f`
ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi K_v, Kg© I †gŠb m¤§wZi AbymiY Kiv †hgb myboevZ, †Zgwb
Gi ewnf©~Z KvR‡K eR©b KivI myboevZ| AZGe AbymiY I eR©‡bi gva¨‡g
ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Abymi‡Yi †¶‡Î myboevZ `yB cÖKvi| h_v-
(K)

25. (myboev‡Z †dÔwjq¨vn) Z_v K‡g© myboevZ : ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)
Bev`Z wnmv‡e hv K‡i‡Qb, Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb Ges m¤§wZ cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb Zv
cvjb Kiv myboevZ| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,
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Ôivm~j †Zvgv‡`i‡K hv †`b Zv MÖnY Ki, Avi hv †_‡K †Zvgv‡`i‡K wb‡la
K‡ib Zv †_‡K weiZ _vK Ges Avj−vn‡KB fq Ki, wbðqB Avj−vn kvw¯—
cÖ`v‡b K‡VviÕ (nvki 59/7)|
AÎ Avqv‡Z Avj−vni ¯úó wb‡`©k nÕj, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) hZUzKz Bev`Z wb‡q
G‡m‡Qb ZZUzKzB MÖnYxq n‡e| Zuvi AvbxZ weav‡bi evB‡i †Kvb KvRB
Bev`Z wnmv‡e MÖnYxq n‡e bv| gvbyl Zv‡K hZ fvj KvRB e‡j g‡b Ki“K
bv †Kb| Avi wZwb Bev`Z wnmv‡e hv wb‡q G‡m‡Qb, ¯^qs wZwb Hm‡ei
Dci Avgj K‡i‡Qb Ges Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb| ZvB †Zv Qvnvev‡q †Kivg ivm~j
(Qvt)-Gi cÖ‡Z¨KwU Avgj cÖwZ c‡` †g‡b P‡j‡Qb| †hgb- Avey eKi (ivt)
e‡jb,
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Ôivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) hv Avgj Ki‡Zb Avwg ZvB Avgj Kie| Avwg Zvi †Kvb
wKQzB †Q‡o w`‡Z cvwi bv| †Kbbv Avwg AvksKv Kwi †h, Zvi †Kvb wb‡`©k
†Q‡o w`‡q Avwg †hb c_åó n‡q bv hvBÕ|4
4. eyLvix nv/3093; gymwjg nv/1759|

28. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 9
(L)

29. (myboev‡Z ZviwKq¨vn) Z_v eR©‡b myboevZ : ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)
†h Bev`Z K‡ibwb, Ki‡Z e‡jbwb Ges m¤§wZ cÖ`vb K‡ibwb Ggb Bev`Z
eR©b KivB Zuvi myboevZ| †hgb- ÔGK`v wZb m`m¨ wewkó GK`j †jvK ivm~j
(Qvt)-Gi Bev`Z‡K Kg g‡b Ki‡jb Ges ej‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_
Avgv‡`i †Kvb Zzjbv P‡j bv| †Kbbv Zuvi c~‡e©i I c‡ii mKj cvc ¶gv
K‡i †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| Zvici wZbR‡bi GKRb ej‡jb, wbðqB Avwg cÖwZ
iv‡Z mviv ivZ RvMiY K‡i QvjvZ Av`vq Kie| Aci e¨w³ ejj, Avwg
cÖwZ w`b wQqvg cvjb Kie, Avwg wQqvg Z¨vM Kie bv| Aci e¨w³ ejj,
Avwg †Kvb bvixi wbKUeZ©x ne bv Ges weevn e܇b Ave× ne bv| AZtci
ivm~j (Qvt) Zv‡`i wbKU Avm‡jb Ges ej‡jb, †ZvgivB wK Zviv hviv
Giƒc Giƒc gše— ¨ K‡iQ? mveavb! wbðqB Avwg Avj−vn‡K me‡P‡q †ekx fq
Kwi Ges Avwg me‡P‡q †ekx ci‡nhMvi| wKš‘ Avwg †Kvb †Kvb w`b wQqvg
cvjb Kwi Ges †Kvb †Kvb w`b wQqvg Z¨vM Kwi| iv‡Îi wKQz Ask QvjvZ
Av`vq Kwi Ges wKQz Ask NygvB| Avi Avwg weevn K‡iwQ| AZGe †h e¨w³
Avgvi mboevZ nÕ‡Z weivM n‡e (myboevZ cwicš’x Avgj Ki‡e) †m Avgvi
D¤§‡Zi Ašf— ©y³ bqÕ|5
AÎ nv`x‡Q Dwj−wLZ wZb Rb e¨w³ Ggb wKQz Avgj Kivi B”Qv †cvlY
Ki‡jb, hv ivm~j (Qvt) K‡ibwb, Ki‡Z e‡jbwb Ges mg_©b K‡ibwb| Avi
G Kvi‡Y ivm~j (Qvt) Zv‡`i‡K †m mKj Avgj cwiZ¨vM Kivi wb‡`©k
w`‡jb| AZGe KziAvb I Qnxn nv`xQ cwicš’x Avgj eR©b KvivI myboevZ|
5. eyLvix nv/5063; wgkKvZ nv/145, H, e½vbyev` nv/138|

30. gynviig gv‡10 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
we`ÔAv‡Zi cwiPq
we`ÔAv‡Zi kvwãK A_© :
I
kãwU gvQ`vi hv s

31. †dÔj nÕ‡Z wbM©Z| Gi kvwãK A_© nÕj, Avi¤¢
Kiv, m„wó Kiv, Avwe®‹vi Kiv BZ¨vw`| hvi †Kvb c~e© `„óvš— wQj bv| Avj−vn
ZvÔAvjv cweÎ KziAv‡b Zuvi wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© Gikv` K‡i‡Qb, 3 1 @ K '

32. t
7!u ÔAvmgvb I hgx‡bi bZzb D™¢vebKvix (hvi †Kvb c~e© `„óvš— wQj bv)Õ
(evK¡vivn 2/117)|
Ab¨Î wZwb ivm~j (Qvt) m¤ú‡K© e‡jb, # 6 Y % 1X

33. ] +
$ 1% # ^ ÔAvcwb
ejyb, Avwg Ggb †Kvb ivm~j bB, hvi †Kvb c~e© `„óvš— †bBÕ (AvnKvd 46/9)|
Bgvg beex (int) we`ÔAvZ k‡ãi A_© wj‡L‡Qb, D! !# ki
U8 v#$ I
kF

34. 1 6 kl1 !f%
!N A_©vr Ggb me KvR Kiv we`ÔAvZ, hvi †Kvb c~e© `„óvš—
†bB|
AZGe we`ÔAvZ nÕj myboev‡Zi wecixZ| †Kbbv †h‡nZz ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi
K_v, Kg© I †gŠb m¤§wZ‡K myboevZ ejv nq, †m‡nZz myboev‡Zi c~e© `„óvš—
i‡q‡Q| c¶vš‡— i we`ÔAvZ Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Zi Ašf— y©³ bq| myZivs
we`ÔAv‡Zi †Kvb c~e© `„óvš— †bB|
we`ÔAv‡Zi cvwifvwlK A_© :
we`ÔAv‡Zi kvwãK we‡k−lY †_‡K eySv hvq †h, we`ÔAvZ ejv nq H mKj
bZzb m„wó‡K hvi †Kvb c~e© `„óvš— wQj bv| †hgb- wegvb, evm, UªvK, †Uªb,
gvBK, Nwo, Pkgv BZ¨vw`| G¸‡jv AvwfavwbK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K we`ÔAvZ
nÕ‡jI cvwifvwlK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K we`ÔAvZ bq| †Kbbv G¸‡jv Bmjvgx
kixÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ †Kvb welq bq| eis gvby‡li Rxeb cwiPvjbvi
myweav‡_© wewfboe mgq wewfboe DcKiY ˆZix n‡q‡Q gvÎ| Gme †¶‡Î †bKxi
†Kvb D‡Ïk¨ _v‡K bv| g~jZt we`ÔAvZ nÕj, KziAvb I Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv

35. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 11
cÖgvwYZ bq, Ggb †Kvb KvR‡K Bev`Z wnmv‡e †bKx cvIqvi Avkvq cvjb
Kiv| †hgb ivm~j (Qvt) D‡Ui wc‡V Av‡ivnY K‡i n¾ Ki‡Z g°vq
wM‡q‡Qb| n¾ GKwU Bev`Z hvi cÖ‡Z¨KwU KvR KziAvb I Qnxn nv`xQ
Abyhvqx m¤úv`b Kiv IqvwRe| KziAvb I Qnxn nv`xQ‡K D‡c¶v K‡i
wb‡Ri gb gZ n‡¾i Kvh©vejx m¤úv`b Ki‡j Zv we`ÔAv‡Z cwiYZ n‡e|
wKš‘ D‡Ui wc‡V Av‡ivnY K‡i n‡¾ hvIqv Bev`Z bq| GwU GKwU evnb
gvÎ| †h‡nZz ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi hvgvbvq evnb wnmv‡e DU e¨envi Kiv nÕZ,
†m‡nZz wZwb D‡Ui wc‡V Av‡ivnY K‡i n‡¾ wM‡q‡Qb| eZ©gv‡b D‡Ui
cwie‡Z© DboeZ evnb wnmv‡e wegvb ˆZix n‡q‡Q Ges fwel¨‡Z Av‡iv
DboeZgv‡bi evnb ˆZix nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| AZGe gvbyl Zv‡`i
myweav‡_© †h †Kvb evn‡b Av‡ivnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| †Kbbv G¸‡jv Bev`‡Zi
Ask bq| hw` †KD aviYv K‡i †h, D‡Ui wc‡V Av‡ivnY K‡i n‡¾ †M‡j
†ekx †bKx cvIqv hv‡e, ZvnÕ‡j D‡Ui wc‡V Av‡ivnY KivI we`ÔAvZ n‡e|
Abyiƒcfv‡e Avhvb †`Iqv GKwU Bev`Z| wKš‘ G‡¶‡Î gvBK e¨envi Kiv
Bev`‡Zi †Kvb Ask bq| gvBK Avhv‡bi AvIqvR DuPz Kivi GKwU gva¨g
gvÎ| hw` †KD †ekx †bKx cvIqvi D‡Ï‡k¨ gvB‡K Avhvb †`q, ZvnÕ‡j
gvB‡K Avhvb †`Iqv we`ÔAvZ n‡e| Abyiƒcfv‡e hw` †KD †bKx cvIqvi
Avkvq wegvb, evm, †Uªb BZ¨vw`‡Z Av‡ivnY K‡i A_ev Nwo, Pkgv BZ¨vw`
cwiavb K‡i, ZvnÕ‡j Zv we`ÔAv‡Z cwiYZ n‡e| wKš‘ G¸‡jv‡Z gvby‡li
†bKx cvIqvi †Kvb Avkv _v‡K bv, weavq G¸‡jv we`ÔAv‡Zi Ašf— y©³ bq|
wb‡goe we`ÔAv‡Zi cvwifvwlK A_© ewY©Z nÕj :
(1) Bgvg beex (int) e‡jb,
D W
l
6 7 (
U
.
T '
! 1% w
9 U = s
B@ U
. I
!
R6
ÔkixÔAv‡Zi g‡a¨ we`ÔAvZ nÕj, be Avwe®‹vi, hv ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi
hvgvbvq wQj bvÕ|6
6. Bgvg beex (int), Zvnhxeyj Avmgv Iqvj jyMvZ 3/22 c„t|

36. gynviig gv‡12 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
(2) kvqLyj Bmjvg Bgvg Be‡b Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡jb,
R
. :? @ u!% ;! 1$! ; 9 qIx

37. y H! .! /
B
'
! ikU
B

38. ;!
% #v T .!
Ô†h mKj KvR Øx‡bi g‡a¨ wgwkªZ n‡q‡Q A_P Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zv ˆea
K‡ibwb, †mUvB we`ÔAvZ, hw`I Zv e¨vL¨v mv‡c¶ nqÕ|7
wZwb Ab¨Î e‡jb,
3 1 O!
1 % I %@u z ! 6 s 1 J
9
2! I!+@Y 1T ] )!!1a 1% I
!
R3 1
Ôwe`ÔAvZ nÕj, Bev`Z Ges wek¦v‡mi g‡a¨ hv wKZve (KziAvb), myboevn A_ev
weMZ D¤§‡Zi BRgvi wecixZÕ|8
(3) Avj−vgv RyiRvbx (int) e‡jb,
N!
% 1(

39. 1( !{1^! ;u! I
1

40. ]
5 6 qI+@Y I )!!1p I!
) U = I
!
T'
! q!;

41. 1@ I

42. 1@P
!
T'
!
0H! w
%!u U= qkc1%9 l1!O%
RU
B@ #!
@ 1, ^ 1@ %
Ôwe`ÔAvZ nÕj myboev‡Zi wecixZ KvR| G‡K we`ÔAvZ bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
†Kbbv e³v Bgv‡gi (ivm~j) K_vi wecixZ K_v m„wó K‡i‡Q| Avi GUvB be
Avwe®K…Z KvR hvi Dci Qvnvex I Zv‡eCMY wQ‡jb bv Ges hv kviC `jxj
Øviv mve¨¯— bqÕ|9
(4) Bgvg myq~Zx (int) e‡jb,
1 (
! U
V 1 e J
S
!2 qI)!!1p 1

43. I!'
B@ c1P S Ik!
.
[x7 1 I
!
R; 1P O +Y
2! [1'|51

44. 7. kvqLyj Bmjvg Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv, Avj-BmwZK¡vgvn 1/42 c„t|
8. kvqLyj Bmjvg Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv, gvRgy dvZvIqv 8/346 c„t|
9. RyiRvbx, AvZ-ZvÔixdvZ 1/62 c„t|

45. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 13
Ôwe`ÔAvZ Ggb KvR‡K ejv nq hv we‡ivwaZvi Øviv kixÔAvZ‡K AvNvZ Kiv
nq| A_ev kixÔAv‡Zi g‡a¨ Kg-‡ekx Kivi Af¨vm‡K IqvwRe K‡i †bIqv
nqÕ|10
(5) Bgvg kv‡Zex (int) e‡jb,
1(
! y
Y1

46. PO' q!I
'@B
U=1,S I
p%
'5
U. IO
'!V
x[71 I
!
1
6 Y@ R U
. I*!1}
Ôwe`ÔAvZ ejv nq Øxb-Bmjv‡gi Ggb Kg©bxwZ ev Kg©cš’v Pvjy Kiv‡K, hv
kixÔAv‡Zi wecixZ Ges hv K‡i Avj−vni Bev`‡Zi e¨vcv‡i AvwZkh¨ I
evovevwo KivB j¶¨ nqÕ|11
wZwb Ab¨Î e‡jb,
Ry
Y
2! l 1.u! % s 7 1B@ K ~ 1% ]
)!!1a U
U = I%
%H I
!
ÔN„wYZ we`ÔAvZ nÕj, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv †h mKj KvR Kivi I eR©b Kivi
weavb `vb K‡i‡Qb, Zvi e¨wZ„g KivÕ|12
10. Bgvg myq~Zx, Avj-Avgi“ wej B‡Ëev Iqvb bvnx Avwbj BewZ`v, 88 c„t|
11. Bgvg kv‡Zex, Avj-BÔwZQvg 1/37|
12. Bgvg kv‡Zex, Avj-gyqvdvKvZ 2/342 c„t|

47. gynviig gv‡14 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
gynviig gv‡mi myboevZx Avgj
gynviig gv‡mi myboevZx Avgj m¤ú‡K© Qnxn nv`xQ mg~‡n hv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv
nÕj Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjb Kiv| nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
D. ` '
^ %
P S 1%X
' iQ7
8 1 c
' ;! 1$! ]
!1^! 1(+
D~7 I!B {1
%1W I!+' c ^! 1@ !.! q%
P ' 6
DW
l
6 7 ;! 1$! I@= 1b
R$! S iQ18
% %1W iQ18
% : l! 1^! ; 1, %7 t . 1@ !.! %1P

48. %2!
Av‡qkv (ivt) e‡jb, ÔRv‡njx hy‡M Kziv‡qkMY Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjb KiZ|
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)I Zv cvjb Ki‡Zb| g`xbvq wnRi‡Zi c‡iI wZwb cvjb
K‡i‡Qb Ges †jvK‡`i‡K Zv cvjb Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb| wKš‘ (2q wnRix m‡b)
hLb ivgvhvb gv‡mi wQqvg dih nÕj, ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, †h e¨w³ B”Qv Ki
Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjb Ki Ges †h e¨w³ B”Qv Ki Zv cwiZ¨vM KiÕ|13
gyÔAvweqv web Avey mywdqvb (ivt) g`xbvi gmwR‡` beex‡Z Lyrev `vb Kv‡j
e‡jb, ÔAvwg ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ †h,
%
P .! iQ18
.! q` {1W 12! q%1W
T
! e
T '
! qiQ7 8 1 c
' H! =
R
L ) .! iQ18
ÔAvR Avk~ivi w`b| Gw`‡bi wQqvg †Zvgv‡`i Dc‡i Avj−vn dih K‡ibwb|
Z‡e Avwg wQqvg †i‡LwQ| G¶‡Y †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †h B”Qv Ki wQqvg cvjb
Ki, †h B”Qv Ki cwiZ¨vM KiÕ|14
ivm~j (Qvt) 10B gynvii‡g wQqvg cvjb K‡i‡Qb| Bn~`x I bvQviviv ïaygvÎ
10B gynviig‡K m¤§vb KiZ Ges wQqvg cvjb KiZ| ZvB ivm~j (Qvt)
Zv‡`i we‡ivwaZv Kivi Rb¨ H w`b mn Zvi c~‡e©i GKw`b Z_v 9 gynviig
wQqvg cvj‡bi B”Qv e¨³ K‡iwQ‡jb|
13. eyLvix nv/2002 ÔQIgÕ Aa¨vq|
14. eyLvix nv/2003; gymwjg nv/1129 ÔwQqvgÕ Aa¨vq|

49. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 15
nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
DW
l
6 7 c1W
l O' 1(+
D~7 k 1@

50. ( EC S c`
' @9
l!
6 7 1'
1^! %1P

51. %2! iQ7
8 1 c
' 6
iQ18 ; 9 # O c1 ;! 1$! !M.! 6
DW
l
6 7 l! 1O!.! .G7 1P +@
DW
l
6 7 D .C S D@ # O c1 3 u'
!.! l! 1^! K 6 1@ c
1+
W
/
R6
Avãyj−vn Beby AveŸvm (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) hLb
Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjb Ki‡jb Ges wQqvg cvj‡bi wb‡`©k w`‡jb, ZLb
Qvnvev‡q †Kivg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Bn~`x I
bvQvivMY GB w`bwU‡K (10B gynviig) m¤§vb K‡i| ZLb ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)
ej‡jb, ÔAvMvgx eQi †eu‡P _vK‡j BbkvAvj−vn Avgiv 9B gynviig mn
wQqvg ivLeÕ| ivex e‡jb, wKš‘ c‡ii eQi gynviig Avmvi Av‡MB Zuvi g„Zz¨
n‡q hvq|15
Ab¨ nv`x‡Q 10 B gynviig mn c~‡e© GKw`b A_ev c‡i GKw`b wQqvg
cvj‡bi K_v G‡m‡Q,
iQ7
8 1 c
'
%
W 6
DW
l
6 7 l! 1^! l! 1^! k 1@

52. R1?%
'

53. 2! 1?%
' !
^!
%
W
(
.
)1a
Beby AveŸvm (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Zvgiv
Avk~ivi w`b wQqvg ivL Ges Bn~`x‡`i we‡ivwaZv Ki| †Zvgiv Avk~ivi mv‡_
Zvi c~‡e© GKw`b ev c‡i GKw`b wQqvg cvjb KiÕ|16
AZGe myboevZ nÕj, 9 I 10B gynviig A_ev 10 I 11B gynvii‡g wQqvg
cvjb Kiv| Z‡e 9 I 10 `yÕw`b ivLvB m‡e©vËg|
15. gymwjg nv/1134; wgkKvZ nv/2041, H, e½vbyev` nv/1943|
16. evqnvK¡x 4_© LÊ, c„t 287| AÎ †iIqvqvZwU Ôgvid‚Õ wnmv‡e Qnxn bq, Z‡e
ÔgIK‚dÕ wnmv‡e ÔQnxnÕ| `ªt nvwkqv Qnxn Beby Lyhvqgv nv/2095, 2/290 c„t|

54. gynviig gv‡16 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
Avk~ivi wQqv‡gi ¸i“Z¡ I dhxjZ
(K) ivgvhv‡bi wQqv‡gi c‡iB Avk~ivi wQqv‡gi Ae¯’vb : dhxj‡Zi w`K
†_‡K ivgvhv‡bi wQqv‡gi c‡iB Avk~ivi wQqv‡gi Ae¯’vb| nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
# , .2! 6
DW
l
6 7 l! 1^! l! 1^! +
D~7 [!'
= D

55. 2!
R#
[-! W I, '
)!

56. [-! P@ # , .2! c@
(
8 ;! 1, %7

57. c1P5
Avey ûivqiv (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, Ôivgvhv‡bi c‡i
m‡e©vËg wQqvg nÕj gynviig gv‡mi wQqvg (A_©vr Avk~ivi wQqvg) Ges dih
Qvjv‡Zi c‡i m‡e©vËg QvjvZ nÕj iv‡Zi bdj QvjvZÕ (A_©vr Zvnv¾y‡`i
QvjvZ)|17
(L) Bnv c~e©eZx© GK eQ‡ii ¸bv‡ni Kvddviv ¯^iƒc : A_©vr Gi gva¨‡g
c~e©eZ©x GK eQ‡ii ¸bvn ¶gv nq| nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q, Avey K¡vZv`vn (ivt)
nÕ‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib, D! e
2! iQ7
8 1 c
' c1W
R!
^! D I!+@ )CT! ' ; 2!
ÔAvwg Avkv Kwi Avk~iv ev 10B gynvii‡gi
wQqvg Avj−vni wbK‡U ev›`vi weMZ GK eQ‡ii (QMxiv) †Mvbv‡ni Kvddviv
wnmv‡e MY¨ n‡eÕ|18
(M) ivgvhv‡bi wQqvg dih nIqvi c~‡e© Avk~iv wQqvg dih wQj : nv`x‡Q
G‡m‡Q,
D. ` '
^ %
P S 1%X
' iQ7
8 1 c
' ;! 1$! ]
!1^! 1(+
D~7 I!B {1
%1W I!+' c ^! 1@ !.! q%
P ' 6
DW
l
6 7 ;! 1$! I@= 1b
R$! S iQ18
% %1W iQ18
% : l! 1^! ; 1, %7 t . 1@ !.! %1P

58. %2!
17. gymwjg nv/1163, wgkKvZ nv/2039 Ôbdj wQqvgÕ Aby‡”Q`; H, e½vbyev`
nv/1941|
18. gymwjg nv/1162, wgkKvZ nv/2044; H, e½vbyev` nv/1946|

59. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 17
Av‡qkv (ivt) e‡jb, ÔRv‡njx hy‡M Kziv‡qkMY Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjb KiZ|
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)I Zv cvjb Ki‡Zb| g`xbvq wnRi‡Zi c‡iI wZwb cvjb
K‡i‡Qb Ges †jvK‡`i‡K Zv cvjb Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb| wKš‘ (2q wnRix m‡b)
hLb ivgvhvb gv‡mi wQqvg dih nÕj, ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, †h e¨w³ B”Qv Ki
Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjb Ki Ges †h e¨w³ B”Qv Ki Zv cwiZ¨vM KiÕ|19
(N) ivm~j (Qvt) Ab¨vb¨ wQqv‡gi †P‡q ivgvhvb I Avk~ivi wQqvg‡K †ekx
¸i“Z¡ w`‡Zb : nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
G@ ' 6
DW D@ +@ ] '
2!7 1% l! 1^! 1(+
D~7 k 1@

60. (
8 D+
' .(
B@ H! = iQ7
8 1 c
' c
H! = : 9 q
N! D! !,@ .! ck
' c1W
R;! 1, %7
Beby AveŸvm (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K †hfv‡e
Avk~iv I ivgvhv‡bi wQqvg ¸i“Z¡ mnKv‡i AbymÜvb Ki‡Z †`‡LwQ Abyiƒc
Ab¨ †Kvb wQqv‡gi †¶‡Î †`wLwb|20
(O) ivm~j (Qvt) Avk~ivi wQqvg cvj‡bi Rb¨ MÖv‡g MÖv‡g `~Z cvwV‡q †NvlYv
w`‡q‡Qb : nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
D!9 iQ7
8 1 [! N! 6
DW DY +@ #! 6 7
2! ]
!1^! k5 % ] +

61. K 5

62. Y
]
!1^! q
P .! 1X {1W „ W
2!
% q%
' I!@O

63. @ .! XL ) % „ W
2!
% 7 1P
ƒQ G^
DT!

64. !M.! q (
% I!
v ( ! # b
q1+1
W c5 P q

65. %
P 1+@T .!
R7 1L! .d +
;!
T ' D@ qy ! 1+
L!
2! c1L D!
= 2!
i“evBqÔ web‡Z gyÔAvIwqh (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, bex (Qvt) Avk~ivi
w`b mKv‡j AvbQvix Qvnvex‡`i MÖvg¸‡jv‡Z `~Z cvwV‡q †NvlYv w`‡Z e‡jb,
†h e¨w³ mKv‡j wKQz †L‡q †d‡j‡Q †m †hb evKx w`b bv †L‡q c~Y© K‡i|
19. eyLvix nv/2002 ÔQIgÕ Aa¨vq|
20. eyLvix nv/2006; wgkKvZ nv/2040|

66. gynviig gv‡18 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
Avi †h e¨w³ bv †L‡q Av‡Q †m †hb wQqvg iv‡L| wZwb e‡jb (ivex), Gici
Avgiv wb‡Riv wQqvg ivLZvg Ges Avgv‡`i ev”Pv‡`i‡KI wQqvg ivLvZvg|
Avi Zv‡`i‡K Zzjv Øviv evbv‡bv †Ljbv w`Zvg| hLb Zv‡`i †KD L‡`¨i
Rb¨ Kuv`Z ZLb BdZv‡i mgq ch©š— H †Ljbv w`‡q ivLZvg|21
Avk~ivi wQqvg cvj‡bi D‡Ïk¨
10B gynviig Zvwi‡L AZ¨vPvix cvwcô †divEb I Zvi KIg Avj−vni wcÖq
bex g~mv (Avt)-†K nZ¨vi N„wYZ loh‡š¿ wjß nÕ‡j †divE‡bi mvMiWywe nq
Ges g~mv (Avt) I Zuvi m¤cÖ`vq eby BmªvCj Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi we‡kl ing‡Z
AZ¨vPvix †divE‡bi nvZ †_‡K gyw³jvf K‡i (evKvivn 2/50; BDbym 10/90-
92)|
Zvi ïKwiqv ¯^iƒc g~mv (Avt) G w`b wQqvg iv‡Lb| g~mv (Avt)-Gi ZvInx`x
Av`‡k©i GKwbô Abymvix wnmv‡e ¯^qs gynv¤§v` (Qvt) G w`‡b bdj wQqvg
cvjb K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuvi D¤§Z‡K cvjb Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb| Bn~`xiv †Kej 10
Zvwi‡L wQqvg ivLZ| ZvB Zv‡`i we‡ivwaZvi j‡¶¨ Zvi Av‡Mi A_ev c‡ii
w`b‡K †hvM Kivi K_v nv`x‡Q ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Avãyj−vn web AveŸvm (ivt)
e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) g`xbvq wnRiZ K‡i Bn~`x‡`i‡K Avk~ivi wQqvg
ivL‡Z †`‡L KviY wR‡Ám Ki‡j Zviv e‡jb,
D6
% %1P .! %
^! ;!
. Z @N! %
^! D6
%
.
/ Db
2! ` E c`
' H! =
D!
2! FY 2!
+.! 6
DW
l
6 7 l! 1O!.! .%
P
+.! XT 8
%1P

67. %2! 6
DW
l
6 7 %1P .! .
T +
% D6

68. ÔGwU GKwU gnvb w`b| Gw`‡b Avj−vn g~mv (Avt) I Zuvi KIg‡K bvRvZ
w`‡qwQ‡jb Ges †divEb I Zvi †jvK‡`i Wywe‡q †g‡iwQ‡jb| Zuvi ïKwiqv
wnmv‡e g~mv (Avt) G w`b wQqvg cvjb K‡ib| ZvB AvgivI G w`b wQqvg
cvjb Kwi| ZLb ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) ej‡jb, †Zvgv‡`i PvB‡Z AvgivB g~mv
21. eyLvix nv/1960|

69. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 19
(Avt)-Gi (Av`‡k©i) AwaK nK`vi I AwaK `vex`vi| AZtci wZwb wQqvg
iv‡Lb I mKj‡K ivL‡Z e‡jbÕ|22
D‡j−L¨ †h, Avk~iv‡q gynviig Dcj‡¶ 9 I 10B gnviig A_ev 10 I 11B
gynviig GB `yÕwU wQqvg cvjb Kiv myboevZ| GQvov Ab¨ †Kvb Bev`Z myboevZ
bq| Avi ZvI nÕ‡Z n‡e GKgvÎ †divE‡bi Kej †_‡K g~mv (Avt)-Gi
bvRv‡Zi ïKwiqv ¯^iƒc| kvnv`‡Z ûmvB‡bi †kvK ev gvZg ¯^iƒc KL‡bvB
bq |
gynviig gv‡mi we`ÔAvZ mg~n
(1) kvnv`‡Z ûmvB‡bi †kvK cvj‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ wQqvg cvjb Kiv :
Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbvq gynviig gv‡mi myboevZx Avgj Ges Zv cvj‡bi D‡Ïk¨
Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv ¯úófv‡e cÖgvwYZ nÕj| Avi Zv nÕj, AZ¨vPvix kvmK
†divD‡bi Kej †_‡K g~mv (Avt)-Gi bvRv‡Zi ïKwiqv ¯^iƒc 9 I 10B
gynviig A_ev 10 I 11B gynviig wQqvg cvjb Kiv| eZ©gvb mgv‡R D³
`yÕwU wQqvg cvj‡bi cÖPjb i‡q‡Q| Z‡e Zv kvnv`‡Z ûmvB‡bi †kvK
cvj‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨B cvwjZ n‡q _v‡K| hv m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c Qnxn nv`xQ we‡ivax
Ges ¯úó we`ÔAvZ| †Kbbv GB wQqv‡gi m~Pbv n‡q‡Q g~mv (Avt)-Gi mgq
†_‡K| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Zuvi RxeÏkv‡ZB gynvii‡gi wQqvg cvjb K‡i‡Qb|
Avi Kvievjvi NUbv N‡U‡Q ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi g„Zz¨i 50 eQi c‡i 61
wnRix‡Z| ZvnÕ‡j wK K‡i Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt) ûmvBb (ivt)-Gi kvnv`‡Zi
Kvi‡Y GB wQqvg cvjb Ki‡jb? AZGe Gme wbQK wfwËnxb K_v gvÎ|
ivm~j (Qvt) Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjb K‡iwQ‡jb AZ¨vPvix kvmK †divE‡bi
Kej †_‡K g~mv (Avt)-Gi bvRv‡Zi Avb‡›` Avj−vni ïKwiqv ¯^iƒc| c¶vš—
‡i Avgiv AvR Zv cvjb KiwQ ûmvBb (ivt)-Gi kvnv`‡Zi †kvK ¯^iƒc|
A_P Igi (ivt), IQgvb (ivt) mn Av‡iv A‡bK Qvnvex kvnv`Z eiY
K‡i‡Qb| Avgiv Zuv‡`i ¯§i‡Y wKQzB Kwi bv| hw` ûmvBb (ivt)-Gi
kvnv`‡Zi Kvi‡Y †kvK w`em cvjb Kiv nq, ZvnÕ‡j Igi I IQgvb (ivt)-
22. eyLvix nv/2004; gymwjg nv/1130; wgkKvZ nv/2067, H, e½vbyev` nv/1968|

70. gynviig gv‡20 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
Gi †kvK w`em cvj‡bi AwaK nK iv‡L| we`ÔAvZx‡`i wbKU G mg¯—
Qvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi kvnv`Z ei‡Y †kvK †Zv `~‡ii K_v; eis Avb›` w`e‡m
cwiYZ nq| †hgb- AveŸvmxq Ljxdv gyZ¡xÔ web gyK¡Zvw`‡ii mg‡q (334-
363wnt/946-974 L„t) Zuvi KÆi kxÔAv Avgxi Avngv` web e~Bqv `vqjvgx
Ii‡d gyBhhy‡ÏŠjv 351 wnRixi 18B whjn¾ Zvwi‡L evM`v‡` IQgvb
(ivt)-Gi kvnv`Z ei‡Yi ZvwiL‡K Zv‡`i wnmv‡e Lykxi w`b g‡b K‡i
ÔC‡`i w`bÕ (a 'N ) wnmv‡e †NvlYv K‡ib| kxÔAv‡`i wbK‡U GB
w`bwU cieZx©‡Z C`yj Avhnvi PvB‡ZI ¸i“Z¡ cvq| AZtci 352 wnRixi
ïi“‡Z 10B gynviig‡K wZwb ûmvBb (ivt)-Gi kvnv`Z ei‡Yi Ô†kvK w`emÕ
†NvlYv K‡ib Ges mKj †`vKvb-cvU, e¨emv-evwYR¨, Awdm-Av`vjZ eÜ
K‡i †`b Ges gwnjv‡`i‡K †kv‡K Pzj wQuo‡Z, †Pnviv Kv‡jv Ki‡Z, iv¯v— q
†b‡g †kvKMv_v †M‡q Pj‡Z eva¨ K‡ib| kni I MÖv‡gi me©Î mKj‡K †kvK
wgwQ‡j †hvM`vb Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †`b| kxÔAviv Lykx g‡b GB wb‡`©k cvjb
K‡i| wKš‘ myboexiv wbw®OEq _v‡Kb| c‡i myboex‡`i Dc‡i GB digvb Rvwi Kiv
nÕ‡j 353 wnRix‡Z Dfq `‡j e¨vcK msNl© †e‡a hvq| G‡Z evM`v‡` Zxeª
bvMwiK Am‡šv— l I mvgvwRK Akvwši— m„wó nq|23 Avgiv eZ©gv‡b †h
D‡Ï‡k¨ Avk~ivi wQqvg cvjb KiwQ Zv kxÔAv‡`i †_‡K M„nxZ; hv Aek¨B
eR©bxq|
(2) 10B gynviig‡K Avb›` Drm‡e cwiYZ Kiv :
iv‡dhxiv (KÆi kxÔAv) ûmvBb (ivt)-Gi kvnv`‡Zi †kvK ¯^iƒc †kvK w`em
cvjb K‡i| c¶vš‡— i GKwU †Mvôx (bv‡mexqv) iv‡dhx‡`i we‡ivwaZv Kivi
j‡¶¨ G w`bwU‡K Avb›` Drm‡e cwiYZ K‡i| G w`‡b iv‡dhx‡`i †kvK
w`em †hgb we`ÔAvZ; †Zgwb Zv‡`i we‡ivwaZvi j‡¶¨ G w`‡b Avb›` Drme
KivI we`ÔAvZ| GUv †hb we`ÔAvZ w`‡q we`ÔAvZ Ges wg_¨v w`‡q wg_¨v
cÖwZnZ Kivi †Póv| A_P DwPZ wQj myboevZ w`‡q we`ÔAvZ cÖwZnZ Kiv|
mZ¨ w`‡q wg_¨v cÖwZnZ Kiv| ivm~j (Qvt) I Qvnvev‡q †Kivg G w`bwU‡K
23. Bebyj AvQxi, ZvixL 8/184 c„t; gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje, Avk~iv‡q gynviig
I Avgv‡`i KiYxq, c„t 6-7|

71. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 21
†kvK w`em wnmv‡eI cvjb K‡ibwb| Avevi Avb›` Drm‡eI cwiYZ
K‡ibwb| Zuviv ïaygvÎ †divD‡bi Kej †_‡K g~mv (Avt)-Gi bvRv‡Zi
ïKwiqv ¯^iƒc wQqvg cvjb K‡i‡Qb|24
(3) ZvÔwhqvn :
ZvÔwhqvn A_© wec‡` mvš¡b— v †`Iqv| †hUv eZ©gv‡b kvnv`v‡Z †nvmvB‡bi
†kvK wgwQ‡j iƒc wb‡q‡Q| A_P Bmjv‡g Kv‡iv g„Zz¨‡Z wZb w`‡bi AwaK
†kvK cvjb Kiv wb‡la|25 wKš‘ evM`v‡`i †Muvov kxÔAv Avgxi gyÔBhhy‡ÏŠjv
352 wnRixi 10B gynviig‡K RvZxq †kvK w`em †NvlYv K‡ib Ges kni I
MÖv‡gi mKj‡K ZvÔwhqvn wgwQ‡j †hvM`v‡bi wb‡`©k †`b| †mw`b †_‡KB GB
we`ÔAvZx cÖ_v Pvjy n‡q‡Q| kxÔAv‡`i D™¢vweZ GB we`ÔAvZx cÖ_vi
Abymi‡YB evsjv‡`‡ki we`ÔAvZxiv 10B gynvii‡g wgwQj †ei K‡i _v‡K|
cÖ‡Z¨K Avj−vnfxi“ gymjgv‡bi GB me we`ÔAvZ nÕ‡Z `~‡i _vKv Avek¨K|
(4) 10B gynvii‡g †Pv‡L myigv jvMv‡bv :
A‡b‡KB Avïivi w`b ev 10B gynvii‡g we‡kl dhxj‡Zi Avkvq †Pv‡L
myigv jvwM‡q _v‡K; hv my¯úó we`ÔAvZ| †Kbbv ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) I Qvnvev‡q
†Kivg Avk~ivi w`‡b †Pv‡L myigv jvMvbwb Ges Gi †Kvb dhxjZ eY©bv
K‡ibwb| ÔAvk~ivi w`‡b †Pv‡L BQwg` myigv jvMv‡j KL‡bvB †Pv‡L †ivM
n‡e bvÕ g‡g© cÖPwjZ nv`xQwU gvIh~ ev Rvj|26
(5) 10B gynvii‡g we‡kl dhxj‡Zi Avkvq we‡kl c×wZ‡Z
QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv :
10B gynvii‡g we‡kl dhxj‡Zi Avkvq we‡kl c×wZ‡Z QvjvZ Av`vq Kiv
n‡q _v‡K; hv my¯úó we`ÔAvZ| †Kbbv ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) I Qvnvev‡q †Kivg
24. W. myjvBgvb Be‡b mv‡jg Avm-mynvBgx, Avj-AvÔBqv` Iqv AvQvi“nv, c„t 273|
25. Avey`vE` nv/4192; bvmvC nv/5227; wgkKvZ nv/4463 ÔPzj AuvPov‡bvÕ Aby‡”Q`;
Avjevbx, mb` Qnxn|
26. Bebyj RvIhx, Avj-gvIh~ÔAvZ c„t 2/203; †gvj−v Avjx K¡vix, Avmivi“j gvid‚ÔAvn,
c„t 44|

72. gynviig gv‡22 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
G w`‡b we‡kl †Kvb QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Qb g‡g© †Kvb Qnxn `jxj cvIqv
hvq bv| G m¤ú‡K© hv cvIqv hvq Zvi me¸wjB Rvj ev ev‡bvqvU| †hgb-
(K) Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvk~ivi w`‡b †h
e¨w³ Pvi ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e Ges cÖ‡Z¨K ivKÔAv‡Z GKevi m~iv
dvwZnv I cÂvkevi m~iv BLjvQ †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡e, Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zvi
AZx‡Zi cÂvk eQ‡ii ¸bvn Ges fwel¨‡Zi cÂvk eQ‡ii ¸bvn ¶gv K‡i
w`‡ebÕ| Dwj−wLZ nv`xQwU Rvj ev ev‡bvqvU|27
(L) ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, †h e¨w³ Avk~ivi w`‡b †hvni I AvQ‡ii Qvjv‡Zi
gvSLv‡b Pwj−k ivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K ivKÔAv‡Z GKevi
m~iv dvwZnv, `kevi AvqvZzj Kzimx, `kevi m~iv BLjvQ, cuvPevi m~iv
dvjvK¡ Ges cuvPevi m~iv bvm †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡e Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡K
RvboevZzj wdi`vDm `vb Ki‡ebÕ| AÎ nv`xQwUI Rvj ev ev‡bvqvU|28
kvqLyj Bmjvg Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡jb,
[-W #,. ˆ 0' 1% qcP N „W ‡' i781 ‡' ˆ ‰
‡'1ƒ H= #O+' Š qI.} #=2 Z1)S1

73. s~% _H$ $ H(. . I+%
R($ ˆ #=2 I{2 % 2
ÔwQqvg e¨ZxZ Avk~iv m¤úwK©Z †Kvb Qnxn nv`xQ †bB| GB w`‡b wbw`©ó
Qvjv‡Zi dhxjZ m¤ú‡K© †h eY©bv G‡m‡Q cÖwm× gynvwÏQM‡Yi HK¨g‡Z
Zvi me¸wjB wg_¨v I ev‡bvqvU| gynvw°K Av‡jg‡`i †KDB Zv‡`i wKZve
mg~‡n G mg¯— nv`xQ msKjb K‡ibwb|29
AZGe G Dcj‡¶ Avk~ivi `yÕwU wQqvg e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kvb Bev`Z KziAvb I
Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ bq| Avi ZvI cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e †Kej †divD‡bi
27. Bebyj RvIhx, Avj-gvIh~ÔAvZ c„t 2/122 |
28. Bebyj RvIhx, Avj-gvIh~ÔAvZ c„t 2/122-123; kvIKvbx, Avj-dvIqvB`yj
gvRg~ÔAvn c„t 48|
29. kvqLyj Bmjvg Be‡b Zvqwgqvn, wgbnvRym myboevn 4/116 |

74. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 23
Kej †_‡K g~mv (Avt)-Gi bvRv‡Zi ïKwiqv ¯^iƒc; kvnv`‡Z ûmvB‡bi
†kvK ¯^iƒc bq| myZivs eZ©gv‡b Avk~iv Dcj‡¶ hv n‡”Q Zvi me¸wjB
cieZ©x h~‡Mi we`ÔAvZx‡`i Avwe®‹vi; hv Aek¨B eR©bxq|
(6) Zv‡eC Bqvhx` web gyÔAvweqv-†K ÔgvjEbÕ ev Awfkß e‡j
Mvwj †`Iqv :
Bqvhx` web gyÔAvweqv‡K ÔgvjEbÕ ev Awfkß e‡j Mvwj †`Iqv Av‡`Š wVK
bq| †Kbbv gvbyl wnmv‡e Zvi wKQz fyj-ΓwU _vK‡jI Kvievjvi gg©vwšK—
NUbvi Rb¨ wZwb `vqx bb| GRb¨ g~jZt `vqx wek¦vmNvZK K‚dvevmx I
wbôzi MfY©i Ievq`yj−vn web whqv`|
m¤§vwbZ cvVK! Bqvhx` web gyÔAvweqv‡K ÔgvjEbÕ ev Awfkß e‡j Mvwj
w`‡j Avgiv H mg¯— Qvnvev‡q †Kivg‡K wK eje, hviv Bqvhx‡`i nv‡Z
AbyM‡Z¨i evqÔAvZ MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb? gyÔAvweqv (ivt)-Gi g„Zz¨i c‡i H
mg‡q RxweZ cÖvq 60 Rb Qvnvexmn ZrKvjxb Bmjvgx we‡k¦i cÖvq mKj
†K›`ªxq †bZ…e„›` cieZx© Ljxdv wnmv‡e Bqvhx‡`i nv‡Z evqÔAvZ K‡ib|30
†KejgvÎ g`xbvi PviRb Qvnvex evqÔAvZ wb‡Z evKx wQ‡jb| Avãyj−vn web
Igi, Avãyj−vn web AveŸvm, Avãyj−vn web hyev‡qi I ûmvBb web Avjx
(ivt)| cÖ_‡gv³ `yÕRb c‡i evqÔAvZ K‡ib| †k‡lv³ `yÕRb Mwogwm Ki‡j
Avãyj−vn web Igi (ivt) Zuv‡`i‡K j¶¨ K‡i e‡jb,

75. 1^!@)!S :!
Q 1OS@9
I1J ÔAvcbviv Avj−vn‡K fq Ki“b! gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ wefw³
m„wó Ki‡eb bvÕ|31
ûmvBb (ivt) I Avãyj−vn Beby hyev‡qi (ivt) `yÕR‡bB g`xbv †_‡K g°vq P‡j
hvb| †mLv‡b K‚dv †_‡K `‡j `‡j †jvK G‡m ûmvBb (ivt)-†K K‚dvq †h‡q
Zv‡`i AvbyM‡Z¨i evqÔAvZ MÖnY Ki‡Z Aby‡iva Ki‡Z _v‡K| K‚dvi
30. Beby ivRve, hvqjy ZvevK¡v-wZb nvbvwejvn, 2q LÊ, c„t 34 eY©bv : Avãyj MYx
gvK¡‡`mx (60-700 wnt)|
31. Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn (ˆei“Z : `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgqvn, Zvwe),
8g LÊ c„t 150|

76. gynviig gv‡24 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
†bZv‡`i KvQ †_‡K 150wU wjwLZ Aby‡iva cÎ Zuvi wbK‡U †cuŠ‡Q|32 wPwVi
welq nj, Avgiv Bqvhx` web gyÔAvweqv‡K gvwb bv| Avgiv Avcbvi nv‡Z
evqÔAvZ MÖnY Kie| Avcwb Kzdvq nvwhi n‡q Avgv‡`i evqÔAvZ MÖnY
Ki“b| ûmvBb (ivt) Ae¯’v ch©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ ¯^xq PvPv‡Zv fvB gymwjg web
AvK¡xj (ivt)-†K K~dvq †cÖiY K‡ib| †mLv‡b 12 †_‡K 18 nvhvi †jvK
ûmv‡q‡bi c‡¶ gymwjg-Gi nv‡Z AvbyM‡Z¨i evqÔAvZ MÖnY K‡i| gymwjg
web AvK¡xj (ivt) mij g‡b ûmvBb (ivt)-†K K‚dvq Avmvi Avgš¿Y Rvwb‡q
cÎ cvVvb| †mB cÎ †c‡q ûmvBb (ivt) n‡¾i GKw`b c~‡e© mcwiev‡i g°v
nÕ‡Z K‚dv Awfgy‡L iIqvbv nb| ûmvBb (ivt)-Gi AvMg‡bi Lei Rvb‡Z
†c‡i K‚dvi MfY©i byÔgvb web evkxi (ivt) RbMY‡K †W‡K wek„sLjv bv
NUv‡Z Dc‡`k †`b| †Kvbiƒc K‡VviZv cÖ‡qvM Kiv nÕ‡Z wZwb weiZ
_v‡Kb| d‡j KzP„x‡`i civg‡k© wZwb c`Pz¨Z nb I eQivi MfY©i
Ievq`yj−vn web whqv`‡K GKB mv‡_ K‚dvi `vwqZ¡ †`Iqv nq| wZwb cÖ_‡gB
gymwjg web AvK¡xj‡K †MÖdZvi K‡i nZ¨v K‡ib| ZLb mKj K~dvevmx
ûmvBb (ivt)-Gi c¶ Z¨vM K‡i| BwZg‡a¨ ûmvBb (ivt) K‚dvi mwboeK‡U
†cuŠ‡Q hvb| Be‡b whqv` †cÖwiZ †mbvcwZ ZLb Zuvi MwZ‡iva K‡i| mg¯—
NUbv eyS‡Z †c‡i †nvmv‡qb (ivt) ZLb Be‡b whqv‡`i wbK‡U wb‡goev³ wZbwU
cÖ¯v— ‡ei †h‡Kvb GKwU †g‡b †bIqvi Rb¨ mwÜ cÖ¯v— e cvVvb|
I+'
D!9 K
J 7
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77. F 2 ; 2! 1%@9 : wk -! ‹! G
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78. '
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1- Avgv‡K mxgv‡ši— †Kvb GK ¯’v‡b P‡j hvIqvi AbygwZ †`Iqv †nŠK| 2-
g`xbvq wd‡i hvIqvi AbygwZ †`Iqv †nŠK| 3- Avgv‡K Bqvhx‡`i nv‡Z
nvZ †i‡L evqÔAvZ MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM †`Iqv nDK|33
†mbvcwZ Avgi web mvÔ` web Avex IqvKK¡vQ D³ cÖ¯v— e mg~n †g‡b wb‡jI
`yógwZ Be‡b whqv` Zv bvKP K‡i †`b I cÖ_‡g Bqvhx‡`i c‡¶ Zvi nv‡Z
evqÔAvZ Kivi wb‡`©k cvVvb| ûmvBb (ivt) m½Z Kvi‡YB Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb
32. Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn 8/154|
33. Beby nvRvi, Avj-BQvevn 2/252; Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn 8/171|

79. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 25
K‡ib I msNl© Aek¨¤¢vex n‡q c‡o| d‡j wZwb mcwiev‡i wbg©gfv‡e wbnZ
nb (Bboev wjj−v‡n Iqv Bboev BjvB‡n ivwRÔEb)|
cÖZ¨¶`kx© RxweZ cyi“l m`m¨ Avjx web ûmvBb Ii‡d Ôhqbyj Av‡e`xbÕ
(ivt)-Gi cyÎ kxÔAv‡`i m¤§vwbZ Bgvg Avey RvÔdi gynv¤§v` web Avjx web
ûmvBb (ivt) Ii‡d Bgvg ev‡K¡i (ivt)-Gi mv¶¨ wVK Abyiƒc, hv nv‡dh
Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx ¯^xq MÖš’ ÔZvnhxeyZ ZvnhxeÕ-†q (2q LÊ c„t 301-
305) Ges nv‡dh Beby KvQxi ¯^xq ÔAvj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvnÕ-†Z (8g
LÊ c„t 198-200) Z¡vevixi eiv‡Z D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| Bgvg ev‡K¡i e‡jb,
hLb we‡ivax c‡¶i wbw¶ß GKwU Zxi G‡m ûmvB‡bi †Kv‡j AvwkªZ
wkïcy‡Îi e¶ †f` K‡i, ZLb wZwb wek¦vmNvZK K‚dvevmx‡`i `vqx K‡i
e‡jb, 1+
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80. 1++

81. T
@(! Ô†n Avj−vn! Zzwg
dvqQvjv Ki Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ Ges H KI‡gi g‡a¨, hviv Avgv‡`i‡K
mvnv‡h¨i bvg K‡i †W‡K G‡b nZ¨v Ki‡QÕ|34
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbvq cÖZxqgvb nq †h, Kvievjvi NUbvwU wQj wbZvšB—
ivR‰bwZK gZwe‡iv‡ai GKwU `ytLRbK cwiYwZ| GB gg©vwšK— NUbvi Rb¨
g~jZt `vqx wQj wek¦vmNvZK K‚dvevmxiv I wbôzi MfY©i Ievq`yj−vn web
whqv` wb‡R| †Kbbv Bqvhx` †KejgvÎ ûmv‡q‡bi AvbyMZ¨ †P‡qwQ‡jb, Zuvi
Lyb Pvbwb| ûmvBb (ivt) †m AvbyMZ¨ w`‡ZI cÖ¯‘Z wQ‡jb| Bqvhx` ¯^xq
wcZvi AwQqZ Abyhvqx ûmv‡qb‡K me©`v m¤§vb K‡i‡Qb Ges ZLbI
Ki‡Zb| BwZc~‡e© ûmvBb (ivt) I Avãyj−vn web †hvev‡qi (ivt) Ab¨vb¨
QvnvexM‡Yi mv‡_ Bqvhx‡`i †mbvcwZ‡Z¡ 49 gZvš‡— i 51 wnRix‡Z
†ivgK‡`i ivRavbx Kb÷vw›U‡bvcj weR‡qi Awfhv‡bI AskMÖnY K‡i‡Qb|
hLb ûmvBb (ivt)-Gi wQboe g¯K— Bqvhx‡`i mvg‡b ivLv nq, ZLb wZwb
†Ku‡` D‡V e‡jwQ‡jb,

82. +

83. ;! 1$!
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84. D
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86. Z # =
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34. Beby nvRvi, ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe 2/304 c„t; Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn 8/199 c„t|

87. gynviig gv‡26 mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ
ÔIevq`yj−vn web whqv‡`i Dc‡i Avj−vn cvK jvÔbZ Ki“b! Avj−vni Kmg hw`
ûmv‡q‡bi mv‡_ Ii i‡³i m¤úK© _vKZ, Zvn‡j †m wKQz‡ZB Iu‡K nZ¨v
KiZ bvÕ| wZwb AviI e‡jb †h, Ôûmv‡q‡bi Lyb QvovI Avwg BivKx‡`i‡K
Avgvi AvbyM‡Z¨ ivhx Kiv‡Z cviZvgÕ|35
Ab¨ eY©bvq cvIqv hvq, Bqvhx` AviI e‡jb †h, ÔBe‡b whqv‡`i Dc‡i
Avj−vn jvÔbZ Ki“b! †m ûmv‡qb‡K †KvbVvmv I eva¨ K‡i‡Q| wZwb wd‡i
†h‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb A_ev Avgvi wbK‡U Avm‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ †m mewKQz
cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i I Zuv‡K nZ¨v K‡i| Gi d‡j †m Avgv‡K gymjgvb‡`i
we‡Ø‡li wkKv‡i cwiYZ K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i ü`‡q Avgvi wei“‡× kΓZvi exR
ecb K‡i‡Q| fvj I g›` mKj cÖKv‡ii †jvK ûmvBb nZ¨vi gnv Aciv‡a
Avgv‡K `vqx Ki‡e I Avgvi cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY Ki‡e| nvq! Avgvi wK n‡e
I Beby gviRvbvi (Be‡b whqv‡`i) wK n‡e! Avj−vn Zv‡K g›` Ki“b I Zvi
Dc‡i Mhe bvwhj Ki“bÕ|36
ûmvBb cwiev‡ii ¯¿x-Kb¨v I wkïMY Bqvhx‡`i cÖvmv‡` cÖ‡ek Ki‡j cÖvmv‡`
Kvboevi †ivj c‡o hvq| Bqvhx` Zuv‡`i‡K wecyjfv‡e m¤§vwbZ K‡ib I
g~j¨evb Dc‡XŠKbvw` w`‡q mm¤§v‡b g`xbvq †cÖiY K‡ib|37
†h wZb w`b ûmvBb cwievi Bqvhx‡`i cÖvmv‡` wQ‡jb, †m wZb w`b mKvj I
mܨvq ûmv‡q‡bi `yB †Q‡j Avjx (Ii‡d Ôhqbyj Av‡e`xbÕ) Ges Igi web
ûmv‡qb‡K mv‡_ wb‡q Bqvhx` Lvbvwcbv Ki‡Zb I Av`i Ki‡ZbÕ|38
Bqvhx` web gyÔAvweqvn-i PwiÎ m¤ú‡K© ûmvBb (ivt)-Gi Ab¨Zg ˆegv‡Îq
†QvU fvB I kxÔAv‡`i L¨vZbvgv Bgvg gynv¤§v` Bebyj nvbvwdBqvn (ivt)
e‡jb,
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35. Beby Zvqwgqvn, gyLZvQvi wgbnvRym myboevn (wiqvh : gvKZvevZzj KvIQvi 1g
ms¯‹iY 1411/1991) 1g LÊ c„t 350; GKB g‡g© eY©bv G‡m‡Q, Avj-we`vqvn
Iqvb wbnvqvn 8g LÊ, c„t 173|
36. Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn 8g LÊ c„t 235|
37. Beby Zvqwgqvn, gyLZvQvi wgbnvRym myboevn 1g LÊ c„t 350|
38. Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn 8g LÊ c„t 197|

88. gynviig gv‡mi myboevZ I we`ÔAvZ 27
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