Skills Acquisition Made Easy

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SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
ANTIMICROBIALS
a. Disinfectant: are liquid that destroys bacteria. They are used on things like floors,
wall and chairs. Examples are alcohols, formaldehyde, bleach etc.
b. Antiseptics: a liquid that destroys bacteria. Antiseptics are used on living things.
Examples include: hydrogen peroxide, alcohol, boric acid etc.
SOAP
Soap is a cleaning agent created by chemical reaction of a fatty acid with an
alkali metal hydroxide. Its water soluble compound made by a reaction called
saponification. A substance used for washing and cleansing agent. Chemically
speaking it’s a salt.
TYPES OF SOAPS
There are many types of soap classified based on their usage, these include:
a. Beauty soap
b. Medicated soap
c. Kitchen soap
d. Laundry soap
e. Liquid soap
f. Novelty soap
g. Guest soap etc
VASELINE (
jelly – based)
Vaseline is an American brand product of petroleum jelly – based products
owned by British-Dutch Company.
USES OF VASELINE (benefits)
a. Heal minor skin scrapes and burns.
b. Moisturize your face, hands and more.
c. Help for pet paws

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d. Remove eyes makeup
e. Save split ends
f. Prevent skin stains from hair dye or nail polish
g. Preserve perfumed scents
AIR FRESHENERS
Air fresheners are consumer’s products that typically emit fragrance and used in
restroom, hallways, foyers, vestibules and other smaller indoor areas as well as larger
areas such as hotel lobbies, medical facilities, public arenas and other large interior
spaces.
TYPES OF AIR FRESHENER
a. Electric fan
b. Sprays
c. Beads
d. Candle
e. Oils
f. Dispensers etc.
USES OF FRESHENERS
a. Sense of smell
b. Use inside your car
c. Use inside your kitchen

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d. Use inside your bedrooms
e. Use inside your living room
f. Use inside your closet etc.
HAIR CARE
Hair care products are products that people usually used to wash or apply on
their head to beautify or kill some bacterium. They are very important to your hair.
Shampoo: shampoo is a hair care typically inform of a viscous liquid that is used for
cleaning hair. Its plays an important role on hair caring.
Another example of hair care products are conditioner, hair cream, olive oil and many
more.
Qualities Of Shampoo
a. Pleasing foam
b. Ease of rinsing
c. Minimal skin and eye irritation
d. Thick or creamy feeling
e. Low toxicity
f. No damage to hair
g. Pleasant fragrance etc
SECTION 2: PRODUCTION OF ANTIMICROBIALS
1. HOW TO MAKE DETTOL
CHEMICALS MEASUREMENT
1 Iso Propyl Alcohol (I.P.A) 1 litre

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2 Texapon 1
/8 kg
3 Pine Oil ¼ litre
4 Phenol 1
/8 litre
5 Chlorozinol ¼ litre
6 Water ½ litre
7 Colour small
TOOLS USED IN DETTOL PRODUCTION:
 Bucket or empty gallon/ jerry-can
 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
 Step 1: I.P.A and texapon into an empty gallon or bucket, and shake it very well.
 Step 2: Add pine oil into the gallon and shake it well.
 Step 3: Then you add chlorozinal inside the gallon (when you add shake it)
 Step 4: Add water and shake it well.
 Step 5: Add colour and shake it well, then you package and sell.
2. HOW TO MAKE IZAL
1 Carbolic Acid ¼ litre

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2 Texapon 1
/8kg
3 Water 2litre
4 Izal Concentrate ¼ litre
5 Izal Booster ¼ litre
6 Lysol 1
/8 litre
7 Phenol 1
/8 litre
8 Forming Agent 1
/8 litre
9 Whitener ¼ litre
TOOLS USED IN IZAL PRODUCTION
 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Put carbolic and texapon into an empty gallon or bucket, shake it very well to
dissolve.
b. Add water into the gallon and shake it well.
c. Then you add izal concentrate, izal booster, lyzol and phenol inside the gallon
(when you add you shake it)
d. Add foaming agent and whiten and shake it well, then you package and sell.

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3. HOW TO MAKE AFTER SHAVE
1 Methanol 1 litre
2 Menthol crystal 3 spoons
3 perfumed To taste
4 phenol 50 ml
5 colour 1 litre
TOOLS USED IN MAKING AFTER-SHAVE
 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Step 1: measure 1 litre of methanol and put it inside gallon or bucket.
b. Step 2: add phenol, methanol, perfumed and colour inside the gallon or bucket
turn it very well, then you package for sell or personal use.
4. HOW TO MAKE BLEACH/ JIK
1 Caustic soda ¼ kg
2 Soda ash ¼ kg
3 H.T.H (chlorine) ¼ kg

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4 Industrial salt ¼ kg
TOOLS USED IN JIK PRODUCTION
 Bucket or big bowl
 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Measure 10 litres of water in a bucket.
b. Add all together the chemicals into the water and leave if for 2 to 3 days.
c. After 3 days you sieve the water and dry the chaps for vim, and the water as jik,
SECTION 3: PRODUCTION OF SOAPS
5. HOW TO MAKE BAR SOAP
1 P.K.O 1 litre
2 Caustic soda ½ kg
3 Soda ash ½ kg
4 Sodium sulphate ¼ kg
5 Silicate ¼ kg
6 Kaolin ¼ kg
7 Perfumed To taste
8 colour Little

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TOOLS USED IN MAKING BAR SOAP
 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves
 Apron
 Hydrometer
 2 small buckets.
PROCEDURES
a. Stage 1: Dissolving over night
b. Step: Dissolve caustic soda with 1 liter of water, and leave it for 24 hours.
c. Step: Dissolve soda ash and sulphate 6 before the production.
d. Stage 2: Mixing
e. Step: Measure 1 litre of P.K.O and add it inside a bowl that is comfortable for you
mixing.
f. Add ½ litre of caustic soda solution and turn it very quick in one direction.
g. Add ½ litre of soda ash sulphate solution and turn it very in one direction.
h. Add silicate and turn
i. Dissolve kaolin separately with ½ litre of water and turn it well in one direction.
j. Add perfumed and stir water
k. If your colour is oil soluble you add with P.K.O, but if its water soluble you
dissolve with little amount of water and add it to the mixture and turn it well. Put
it inside moulds and allow it for 24 hours.
6. HOW TO MAKE LIQUID SOAP

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1 Nitrosol 1
/8 kg
2 Soda ash ½ kg
3 Sulphonic acid 1 litre
4 Texapon 1/8 kg
5 Caustic soda 2 spoons
6 S.L.S 1
/8 kg
7 Foaming agent 75 cl
8 Formalin 50 ml
9 perfumed To taste (50ml or more than
that)
1
0
colour little
TOOLS USED IN MAKING LIQUID SOAP
 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves
 Apron
 2 small buckets
PROCEDURES
a. Step 1: measure 15 litres of water and put it inside a big bowl or bucket. (That will
be comfortable when turning).
b. Step 2: put nitrosol and stir very well to dissolves.
c. Step 3: Dissolve soda ash with 2 litres of water separately and turn it, then you
add it insides the big bowl or bucket (mixture).

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d. Step 4: Add sulphonic acid together with texapon in the mixture and stir very well.
e. Step 5: Dissolve caustic soda and SLS separate with 2 litre of water then add it to
the mixture and turn it very well.
f. Step 6: Add foaming agent, formalin and perfumed. Then stir very well.
g. Step 7: Dissolve the colour with little amount of water and add to
7. HOW TO MAKE MEDICATED SOAP
1 P.K.O 1 litre
2 Caustic soda ½ litre
3 Soda ash ¼ litre
4 Sodium sulphate ¼ litre
5 phenol 100 ml
6 Pine oil 100 ml
7 fragrance To taste (100ml)
8 Vitamin E 100ml
9 colour Small
TOOLS USED IN MEDICATED SOAP PRODUCTION
 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves

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 Apron
 Hydrometer
PROCEDURES
a. Stage 1: Dissolving over night
b. Step a: Dissolve caustic soda with 1 litre of water and leave it for 24 hours,
dissolve soda ash and sulphate 6 hours before the production.
c. Stage 2: Mixing
d. Step: measure 1 litre of P.K.O and add it inside a bowl that will be comfortable for
you when mixing.
e. Add ½ litre of caustic soda solution and turn it very quickly in one direction.
f. Add ½ litre of soda ash sulphate solution and turn it very well in one direction.
g. Add sulphate solution and stir well.
h. Add colour and stir well
i. Then package the product and leave it to dry
j. Your product is now ready for sell.
8. HOW TO MAKE DETERGENT
1 P.K.O 1 litre
2 Caustic soda ½ litre – ( ½ kg)
3 S / ash ½ litre – ( ½ kg)
4 S.L.S 1/8 kg
5 Sulphuric acid 1/8 litre
6 Ammonia ½ litre
7 Hydrogen ½ litre

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8 perfumed To taste
9 colour Little
TOOLS USED IN DETERGENT MAKING
 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves
 Apron
 Hydrometer
PROCEDURES
a. Step 1: Add P.K.O oil inside big bowl
b. Step 2: Add ½ litre of caustic soda into the bowl and turn
c. Step 3: Add soda solution and turn
d. Step 4: Dissolve S.L.S 1 litre of water and turn well
e. Step 5: Add sulphuric acid and turn.
SECTION 4: PRODUCTION OF VASELINE
9. HOW TO MAKE VASELINE
1 Petroleum jelly 1 kg
2 Paraffin oil 1 litre
3 Candle wax 1
/8 kg
4 Perfumed To tasted
5 Vitamin E 50ml

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TOOLS USED IN MAKING VASELINE
 Empty pot
 Gas cooker or stove
 Hand gloves
 Spoons
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Put empty clean pot on fire
b. Add petroleum jelly, paraffin oil and candle wax inside the pot to melt.
c. Carry the pot down, when the chemicals melted.
d. Add fragrance and vitamin E and stir. Package your product for sell or for personal
use.
10.HOW TO MAKE BODY CREAM
1 Stearic acid ½ kg
2 Cetyl alcohol ¼ kg
3 Croda wa 1/8 kg
4 Petroleum jelly ¼ kg
5 Paraffin oil ¼ litre
6 Vitamin E 500ml
7 Glycerin 500ml
8 Perfumed 50ml
9 Borax salt 1/16 kg
10 colour small

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TOOLS USED IN BODY CREAM PRODUCTION
 Empty pot
 Hand gloves
 Spoons
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Put empty pot on fire
b. Add petroleum jelly, paraffin oil, croda wax, stearic acid and cetyl alcohol inside
the pot to melt.
c. Boil 4 litres of water
d. Carry the pot down, when the chemicals melted.
e. Dissolve borax salt inside the boiled water and add it inside the pot.
f. Add small colour, and then package for sale.
11.HOW TO MAKE BALM
1 Petroleum jelly 1kg
2 Paraffin oil 1 ½ litre
3 Candle wax ¼ kg
4 Menthol 1 tin
5 Industrial camphor ½ tin
6 Menthol crystal ¼ litre
7 Garlic oil 1 cup

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8 Colour little
TOOLS USED IN BALM PRODUCTION
 Empty pot
 Hand gloves
 Spoons
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Put an empty and clean pot on fire
b. Add petroleum jelly, paraffin oil and candle wax inside the pot to melt.
c. When it melted, carry the pot down, then add menthol, methyl, industrial camphor
and garlic oil inside and stir.
d. Add small colour (oil soluble), then you package for sell or for personal use.
12.HOW TO MAKE PURE CLEAR OIL
1 Glycerine oil 1 litre
2 Methonal 25 cl
3 perfume To taste
TOOLS USED IN PURE CLEAR OIL PRODUCTION
 Empty gallon

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 Hand gloves
 Spoons
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Add glycrine, methanol and perfumed together and mix.
b. Package it and sell.
SECTION 5: PRODUCTION OF HAIR CARE
13.HOW TO MAKE SHAMPOO
1 Nitrosol 1
/8 kg
2 Soda ash ½ kg
3 Sulphuric acid 1 litre
4 Texapon 1
/8 kg
5 Caustic soda 2spoons
6 S.L.S 1
/8 kg
7 Foaming agent ½ litre
8 Formalin 50ml
9 Vitamin E 50ml
1
0
menthol 3spoons
1
1
perfumed 50ml or more than that
1
2
Orange or any optional colour little
TOOLS USED IN SHAMPOO PRODUCTION

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 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves
 Apron
 Hydrometer
 Spoon
PROCEDURES
a. Step 1: Measure 15 litres of water into a big bowl or bucket.
b. Step2: Dissolve nitrosol inside the 15 litres of water in the bucket or bowl.
c. Step 3: Dissolve soda ash separately with 2 litres of water and add into the big
bowl (that you dissolved nitrosol).
d. Step 4: Add sulphuric acid together with the texapon into the mixture and turn
well.
e. Step 5: Dissolve caustic soda and S.L.S with 2 litres of water separate and turn it,
and then you add it to the mixture and stir well.
f. Step 6: Add foaming agent, formalin and vitamin E and stir well.
g. Step 7: Dissolve menthol with little hot water and add it to the mixture.
h. Step 8: Add fragrance
i. Step 9: use little amount of water to dissolve the colour and then add it to the
mixture and stir well for the foam to go down. Then you package for product or
for personal use.
14.HOW TO MAKE HAIR CREAM
1 Petroleum jelly 1 kg

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2 Paraffin oil 1 litre
3 Candle wax 1
/8 kg
4 Vitamin E Little (3spoons)
5 Sulphur 4spoons
6 menthol 4spoons
7 Methyl 50ml
8 perfumed 50ml
9 Colour (yellow oil soluble) Little
TOOLS USED IN HAIR CREAM PRODUCTION
 Empty pot
 Hand gloves
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Put empty clean pot on fire.
b. Put petroleum jelly, paraffin wax (candle wax), paraffin oil and sulphur inside the
pot to melt.
c. Carry the pot down when melted.
d. Add vitamin E, menthol, methyl, perfumed (fragrance) and turn it.
e. Add small colour to the mixture (insoluble) package it and sell.
15.HOW TO MAKE OLIVE OIL

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1 Paraffin oil 1 litre of water
2 Colour (oil soluble) Small
TOOLS USED IN OLIVE OIL PRODUCTION
 Empty pot
 Hand gloves
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Boil the paraffin oil and colour in a pot.
b. Leave it to cool down and package it for sale.
SECTION 6: PRODUCTION OF AIR FRESHENER
16.HOW TO MAKE BODY PERFUME
1 Raw perfumes 100ml
2 Menthol 20cl
3 catalyst Small
TOOLS USED BODY PERFUME PRODUCTION
 Gallon or bucket
 Turning stick
 Protective material
PROCEDURES
a. Add perfumed, methanol and catalyst together inside a container and shake well.
b. Leave it for like 24 hours before you package it and sale.

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17.HOW TO MAKE AIR FRESHENER
1 Methanol 1 litre
2 Menthol 1 spoons
3 Catalyst 50ml
4 Perfumed ¼ litre or as desire
5 water 4 litres
6 Foaming agent ¼ litre
7 colour little
8 Whitener (optional) Little
TOOLS USED IN AIR-FRESHENERS PRODUCTION
 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves
 Apron
 Spoons etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Step 1: put 1 litre of methanol into empty clean gallon or bucket together with
menthol and shake it well for the menthol to dissolve.
b. Step 2: Add catalyst and perfumed (fragrance) inside and shake it.
c. Step 3: Add water and shake
d. Step 4: Add foaming agent, colour and whitener into the gallon and shake. Then

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you package it for sell or personal use.
18.HOW TO MAKE CANDLE
1 Candle wax 1/8 slade
2 Paraffin oil 100ml
3 Stearic acid ¼ kg
4 Fragrance (optional) To taste
5 Colorant (optional) Small
TOOLS USED IN CANDLE PRODUCTION
 Empty pot
 Hand gloves
 Spoons
 Apron etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Put an empty clean pot on fire.
b. Add candle wax and stearic acid in the pot to melt.
c. Put paraffin oil inside the mould that you will use.
d. Carry the pot down when the chemicals melted. Add fragrance and small colour.
e. Put it in the accurate mould to get it shape and make the rope straight before
putting the candle.
19.HOW TO MAKE INSECTICIDE

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1 Kerosene 1 litre
2 Sniper 2bottle of it
3 menthol 2spoons
4 Camphor 2spoons
5 Colorant (optional) Small
TOOLS USED IN INSECTICIDE PRODUCTION
 Turning stick
 Nose mask
 Hand gloves
 Apron
 Spoons etc.
PROCEDURES
a. Put kerosene inside a inside or a gallon
b. Open sniper carefully and add to the kerosene.
c. Add menthol, camphor and colour and then shake it well.
d. Leave it for 24 hours before you package it and sale.
SECTION 7
MARKETING
Marketing is the economic process by which goods and services are exchanged
between the maker and the user and their values determined in terms of money price.
Marketing is a total system of interacting business activities designed to plan,
promote and distribute need satisfying products and services to existing and potential

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customers.
Marketing is the process at which the need a consumer and his satisfaction of that
need is met by the delivery of a usable product at the right place and at an acceptable
price. The consumer is found both at the beginning and at the marketing processes.
MARKETING MIX
 Production : The most basic marketing mix tool is product, which stands for the
firm’s tangible offer to the market including the product quality, design, variety
features, branding packaging services, and warranties etc.
 Price : A critical marketing mix tool is price, namely, the amount of money that
customers have to pay for the product. It includes deciding on wholesale and
retail prices, discounts, allowances and credit terms. Price should be
commensurate with the perceived value of the offer or else buyer will turn to
competitors in choosing their products.
 Place: This marketing mix tool refers to distribution. It stands for various
activities the company undertakes to make the product easily available to target
customers. It includes deciding on identity, recruit, and link various middlemen
and marketing facilitators so those products are supplied to the target market.
 Promotion: The fourth marketing mix tool, stands for the various activities the
company undertakes to communicate its products merits and to persuade target
customers to buy them. It also includes setting up communication and
promotion programs consisting of advertising personal selling, sales promotion
and public relations.
PRODUCT BRANDING
Branding is major issue in product strategy. On the other hand, developing a branded
product require a great deal of long term investment spending especially for advertising,
promotion and packaging. On the other hand, those manufacturers eventually learn that
the power lies with the brand name companies. Branding is the process of identifying
the name of the producer with the product.
The essence branding is identification of particular product from among rival
products.
a. Branding is a general name describing the establishment of a brand name, a
brand mark or trade mark for a product according to American marketing
association.

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b. Brand is a name, term, symbols or design or a combination of them which is
intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or a group of seller and to
differentiate them from their competitors.
c. Brand name may be in the form of words letters which may be localized.
d. A brand mark is that of a brand which appears in the form of a symbols or design
or distinctive coloring or lettering.
In short, brand name refers to brand product a trade name refers to the company,
and trade mark refers to brand name with legal protection. In certain cases,
brand name and trade names are combined. Trade mark should be registered
with the authorities specified under the relevant law.
Branding process
Branding is done normally in the following way. A brand name is selected. It then
becomes part of the product. Whenever it’s put on market, it carries the said name. In
course of time, the impression spread. The branded product is generally marketed
independently. If a new name has been adopted it has to be followed by intensive
advertising and promotional efforts to develop consumer awareness and acceptance.
Thus, branding has almost the same effect as monopoly in marketing.
Branding objectives
The main aim of branding is to build an image about the project which is
associated with the brand. A power brand is a said to have consumer franchise. This is
evidenced when a sufficient number of customers demand that brand and refuse a
substitute even if the price is somewhat lower.
Distributors want brand names as a means of marking the product easier to
handle, identifying supplies and increasing buyer preference. Customers want brand
names to help them identify and shop more efficiently.
Basic requirement for branding
a. There must be enough and more demand for the product.
b. There must be widespread supply of product.
c. The quality of the product should be ensured.
d. There should be effective distribution of the product.
e. The product should be distinctive.

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FEATURES OF GOOD BRANDING
A good should possess the following features
a. A brand should be suggested a few benefits about the product such as it use,
quality, content and action.
b. The brand should be neither descriptive nor deceptive.
c. The name should be easy to pronounce, spelled and remembered.
d. The brand name should be short and simple
PACKAGING
Packaging is the science, act and technology of enclosing or protecting product for
distribution, storage, state and use.
TYPES OF PACKAGING
The four (4) primary types of packaging include:
1. CONTAINERS: are receptacles that holds, protect and organize product and
materials during storage and transport. They come in variety of forms including
bags, barrels, drums and cartons, cases.
The three most common forms of reusable container are:
a. Bin : A box storage and organization of small parts prior to use in
manufacturing and assembling frequently with a hopper. (Open) front.
b. Tote: Also called a crate, hand-hold container. A box transported by hand
often with molded in handles. Totes are offered in three styles nest able,
stackable and stock and nest.
c. Bulk container: Also known as bulk box, bulk bin or Gaylord. The largest of the
reusable boxes, container includes four straight walls built on pallet seized
foot point with fork openings on two or four sides.
2. PALLETS: Generally constructed of wood, plastics or metal (steal or aluminum),
pallets provides a portable horizontal, rigid platforms that serves as a base for
unit loads.
3. DUNNAGE: Is the material or devices used in the securing and or backing of
product during shopping.
4. UTILIZES: Materials that hold several items together to form a complete load.

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They can be applied as a tie down, or means to secure a load to a pallet, these
includes:
a. Stretch film is a roll based plastic film. Tensioned a stretched manually or
mechanically as it is wrapped around a unit load, the film holds and secures
the load to the pallet.
b. Shrink wrap: Is a plastic film that shrinks tightly over the item or load it is
carried when heat is applied to it.
c. Strapping made from low and medium carbon steel, hot roller high tension
steel, polyester, nylon and polypylene.
HOW IS PACKAGING USE
Packaging is used in a variety of area to move materials throughout a
facility:
 Assembly: Protect and hold component delivered line-side to a production
processes.
 Automation: Automated systems require standard-sized, totes, trays or
pans to function.
 Transportation: Aggregation and protecting loads as they move through
the supply chain.
 Warehousing: Protect products during storage.
 Order picking: Holding stored products prior to their delivery to picking
areas and acting as receptacles for picked orders
IMPORTANCE OF PACKAGING
Packaging provides a variety of benefits.
 Barrier protection: Packaging provides a barrier to dust, water, humidity and other
contaminants that could potentially harms the contents and decrease their shelf
life.
 Containment: Grouping multiples cases, small objects or bulk materials together
aids in both manual and automated handling.
 Convenience: Packages can have features that add convenience in distribution
handling, stacking, display, opening, reclosing, use, dispensing, reuse, recycling
and ease of disposal.

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 Physical protection: Packaged products are protected from damage caused by
dropping, shock, vibration, electrostatic discharge, extreme temperature shifts
and impacts.
 Security: Temper resistant and temper evident packaging can reduce the risk of
theft, or indicate that damage has occurred during handling.
 Sustainability: Returnable and reusable packaging can be used repeatedly before
it is recycled, some materials are engineered to bio-degrade.
LABELING OR LABEL
Labeling or using label is describing someone or something in a word or short
phrase.
TYPES OF LABELING
 Brand label: It plays an important role in labeling as it gives information about
the brand. It can be removable or non removable.
 Descriptive label: It specifies product usage.
 Grade label: It describes the aspect and features of the product.
FUNCTION OF LABELING
 Defines the product and its content: A label is informative about the products
usage and caution to be taken while using the product.
 Recognition of product: Labeling assist in the identification of the product.
 Assorting of product: It means classification or grading of product according to
different categories in the market.
 Assists promotion of product: It gives the customers the reason to purchase the
product.
 In compliance with the law: labels should strictly abide by the law.
TOXIC CHEMICALS
a. CAUSTIC SODA: Caustic soda is very hazardous chemical it can burn person
when touched without any protective materials. It can be found in making bar
soap, liquid soap or detergents etc.
So when using it, person must to be careful. Using apron, nose mask, hand

28
gloves and many more protective materials can reduce the rate of affection in
human body. When person is infected with the chemicals he/ she should go and
see physician immediately.
b. PHENOL AND LYSOL: Are very dangerous chemicals which are used in some of
our production like izal, Dettol and many more.
c. HYDROGEN AND AMMONIA: Hydrogen and ammonia can be used in many
productions; the products include detergent, medicine and other production.
Ammonia is not good to inhaled, so when using ammonia you must use nose
mask and other protective materials in other to protect yourself from danger.
d. SODIUM LAURYL SULPHATE (S.L.S): Sodium lauryl sulphate is a chemical and
foaming agent use in detergents, soap, toothpaste and many more is not good
for your health to inhale SLS because it will cause some damage inside your body
system. Using nose mask will reduce rate of affection in one’s body.
e. CHLORINE (H.T.H): When chemical is said to be dangerous then definitely people
must not take it for granted, chlorine is used in bleach jik and water distillation
(water cleaning). When using chlorine in production we must use nose mask,
hand gloves and other protective materials.
f. SULPHONIC AND SULPHURIC ACIDS: Sulphonic acid is foaming agent used in
making liquid soap and other production, sulphuric acid the one used in making
detergent. They are very toxic, especially sulphuric acid that is not diluted. When
using them, one must be careful and failure to do that will cause a lot of
damages.

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