1. Dbœq‡bi †ÿ‡Î we‡kl K‡i †RÛvimgZv AR©b I bvixi ÿgZvq‡bi †ÿ‡Î evj¨we‡q GKwU fqven mvgvwRK mgm¨v wn‡m‡e †`Lv
w`‡q‡Q| mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎvi 8wUi g‡a¨ 6wU AR©‡bi †ÿ‡ÎB evj¨we‡q Ab¨Zg evav| evj¨we‡qi Kvi‡Y †Q‡j‡g‡q Dfq
wkïiB gvbevwaKvi jw•NZ nq Ges Gi cwiYwZ‡Z wkï, Aíeqmx bvix ev Zvi cwieviB ïay ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq bv, G‡Z †`k nq Acyó
I `ye©j †gavnxb fwel¨r cÖR‡b¥i DËivwaKvix|
GK bR‡i evj¨we‡q wPÎ
ˆewk¦K wPÎ
 we‡k¦ cÖwZ 3 R‡bi g‡a¨ 1 R‡bi we‡q nq 18 eQ‡ii
Av‡M|
 cÖwZ eQi cÖvq 14 †KvwU †g‡qi we‡q nq 18 eQ‡ii Av‡M
Ges 5 †KvwU †g‡qi we‡q nq 15 eQ‡ii Av‡M|
 cÖwZw`b 39,000 evj¨we‡q AbywôZ nq, eQ‡i GB msL¨v
`uvovq eQ‡i GK †KvwU 42 jvL|
 evj¨we‡q ˆewk¦K mgm¨v hv †`k, RvwZ, ms¯‹…wZ, ag© ev
b„ZvwË¡K Ae¯’v‡f‡` weivR K‡i: `wÿY Gwkqvq 46 kZvsk,
mve-mvnvivb Avwd«Kvq 39 kZvsk, j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKvq 29
kZvsk| ga¨cÖvP¨ I DËi AvwdªKvq 18 kZvsk †g‡qi we‡q
nq 18 eQi nIqvi Av‡M|
evsjv‡`‡k wPÎ
 evsjv‡`‡k evj¨we‡qi nvi 65% hv `wÿY Gwkqvq
m‡ev©”P Ges c„w_ex‡Z PZz_©|
 cÖwZ wZbwU we‡qi `ywU‡ZB K‡bi we‡qi eqm _v‡K 18
eQ‡ii wb‡P|
 cÖwZ cuvPRb †g‡qi GKR‡bi we‡q nq 15 eQ‡ii Av‡M
hv cÖvq 18 kZvsk|
 15 †_‡K 19 eQi eqmx wK‡kvix‡`i 29 kZvsk eZ©gv‡b
weevwnZ|
 `wi`ª cwiev‡ii g‡a¨ 80 kZvsk Ges abx cwiev‡ii
g‡a¨ 53 kZvsk cwiev‡i evj¨we‡q nq|
evj¨we‡qi cÖfve
¯^v¯’¨
 evj¨we‡qi wkKvi wK‡kvix‡`i kZKiv 20 Rb
15 eQi eq‡mi Av‡MB gv nq|
 evj¨we‡qi Kvi‡Y kZKiv 45wU Kg IRb I
Le©vK…wZi (stunted) wkïi Rb¥ n‡”Q| mšÍvb
Rb¥ w`‡Z wM‡q AcwiYZ gv‡q‡`i kZKiv 5 Rb
g„Zy¨SuywKi m¤§yLxb n‡”Qb|
 cÖmeRwUjZv I Rb¥cieZx© i³ÿiY, wd÷zjv,
Rivqy K¨vÝvimn bvbv ai‡bi ¯^v¯’¨mgm¨v †`Lv
†`q Ges weevwnZ wK‡kvixiv wewfbœ †hŠb cwievnx
†iv‡M AvµvšÍ nq|
 wK‡kvix eq‡m gv nevi Kvi‡Y Zviv wb‡Riv
Acywó‡Z †fv‡M, Acyó wkï Rb¥`vb K‡i Ges
wkïiv ch©vß gvZ…`y» †_‡K ewÂZ nq|

2. cvwievwiK wbh©vZb
 cvwievwiK wbh©vZ‡bi gva¨‡g nZ¨vi wkKvi bvix‡`i
kZKiv 70 R‡bi eqm 13-18 eQi|
 Aí eq‡m msmv‡ii KwVb ev¯ÍeZvi m‡½ wb‡R‡K
Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z bv cvivq †g‡qwU wbcxo‡bi wkKvi
nq| cÖvq †ÿ‡ÎB we‡qwe‡”Q` N‡U| †g‡qwU
k¦ïievwoi †jvK‡`i Øviv wbM„nxZ nq, d‡j †m evevi
evwo‡Z mšÍvbmn wd‡i Av‡m, †mLv‡bI Ae‡nwjZ
nq| A‡bK †g‡q AvZ¥nb‡bi c_ †e‡Q †bq|
 Rb¥, g„Zz¨ I weevn wbeÜb AvBb, 1886, ms‡kvwaZ
2004
 evj¨weevn wb‡iva AvBb, 1929
 †hŠZzK wbwl×KiY AvBb, 1980, ms‡kvwaZ 1986
 cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`k, 1985
 bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb AvBb, 2000, ms‡kvwaZ
2003
 cvwievwiK mwnsmZv (cÖwZ‡iva I myiÿv) AvBb, 2010
 wkï AvBb, 1974, ms‡kvwaZ 2013
 RvZxq wkïbxwZ, 1994, ms‡kvwaZ 2011
 evsjv‡`‡k wkï‡`i Rb¨ RvZxq Kg©cwiKíbv 2005
wkÿv
 kZKiv 86 Rb wbiÿi bvixi we‡qi eqm 18
eQ‡ii wb‡P|
 evj¨we‡qi Kvi‡Y gva¨wgK ¯Í‡i kZKiv 75.5 Rb
†g‡qwkÿv_©x S‡i c‡o|
 evj¨we‡qi Kvi‡Y kZKiv 75.7 Rb †g‡qwkÿv_©xi
we`¨vj‡q hvIqv eÜ n‡q hvq, MÖvgv‡j hvi nvi
cÖvq 79.9 Ges kn‡i cÖvq 61.2|
 kZKiv 62.2 Rb †g‡qwkÿv_©x evj¨we‡qi Kvi‡Y
miKvwi e„wË †_‡K ewÂZ nq|
`vwi`ª¨
 evj¨we‡q `wi`ª‡K AviI `wi`ª Ki‡Z AbyNUK
wn‡m‡e f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
 evj¨we‡qi wkKvi bvixiv wkÿvi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ
nIqvi Kvi‡Y Dchy³ `ÿZvi Afv‡e A_©‰bwZK
Kg©Kv‡Ð Ask wb‡Z cv‡i bv|
 gv I mšÍvb Acywó‡Z †fvMvi Kvi‡Y gvZ…`y» †_‡K
ewÂZ wkï bvbv †iv‡M AvµvšÍ n‡q cwievi‡K AviI
`wi`ªZvi w`‡K †V‡j †`q|
 †Kvb †Kvb †`‡k RvZxq cÖe„w× Kg nIqvi Ab¨Zg
KviY n‡”Q evj¨we‡qi D”Pnvi|
evj¨we‡q e‡Ü cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿcmg~n
 evj¨we‡q e‡Ü AvBb I bxwZ cÖYqb I ev¯Íevqb
 Rb¥ I weevn wbeÜb e¨e¯’v †Rvi`viKiY
 m‡PZbZv e„w×
 wK‡kvix‡`i Ávb, Z_¨ I Rxeb`ÿZv cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb
 cÖ‡qvRbxq mvgvwRK mg_©b I wbivcËv cÖ`vb
 †g‡q‡`i wkÿvq AwaK wewb‡qvM
Drm: Mvj©m bU eªvBWm wK‡kvix-†g‡q‡`i evj¨we‡q e‡Ü AMÖMwZ ch©‡eÿY
BDwb‡md, `¨ †÷U Ad w` Iqvì©m wPj‡Wªb 2014
BDwb‡md, BgcÖæwfs wPj‡Wªbm wdDPvi UªvÝdiwgs jvBfm, 2014
PvBì g¨v‡iR Bb evsjv‡`k: dvBwÛsm d«g G b¨vkbvj mv‡f©, AvBwmwmwWAviÕwe A¨vÛ cøvb B›Uvib¨vkbvj evsjv‡`k, 2013
wi‡cvU© Ab fv‡qv‡jÝ G‡MBÝU DB‡gb mv‡f© 2011, evsjv‡`k ey¨‡iv Ae ÷¨vwUmwUKm (weweGm) XvKv 2013
GK bR‡i evj¨we‡q e‡Ü miKvwi
AvBb I c`‡ÿcmg~n